International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 72, issue 4

Authors: Wu, Yaxiang | Guo, Xingjia | Yu, Hongya | Zhong, Xichun | Liu, Zhongwu | Long, Kewen

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: Domestic induction heating shows advantages over traditional open fire heating, but the uneven temperature distribution in the pan is still one of the problems to be solved. In this work, to improve the heating uniformity of the induction cooker, the finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to investigate the relationship between the structure of induction coil and the temperature distribution in the heating pan. The results indicate that the structure of single-coil can be optimized by varying the winding turns in different positions. More uniform temperature distribution in the pan has been obtained by increasing the number of turns at …the center and edge of the coil. The advance of this design is to achieve uniform induction heating without redesigning the power source or adding an additional coil. Based on the simulation results, the refined induction coil has been fabricated and assembled into a commercial domestic induction cooker with little modification of the power supply system. A specific parameter named relative standard deviation (RSD) is proposed to define the temperature uniformity. By real-time temperature measurement, the improved heating uniformity has been demonstrated for the refined system. The present work provides a cost-effective and efficient solution to improve heating performance of domestic induction cooker. Show more

Keywords: Induction heating, single-coil, homogeneous heating, temperature distribution, finite element method

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210046

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 327-341, 2023

Authors: Zhou, Fengdao | Wang, Jingyi | Wang, Wenxuan | Zhou, Haigen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the ground-airborne frequency domain electromagnetic detection, the receving system converts the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal representing the magnetic field signal. In order to accurately obtain the relationship between the magnetic field signal and the electrical signal, it is necessary to avoid the influence of environment and other factors on the system accuracy through on-site calibration. This requires high calibration accuracy, simple operation, portable equipment and strong adaptability to the environment. However, the existing calibration methods put forward higher requirements for instruments and environment. For example, the calibration of uniform magnetic field generated by Helmholtz coil needs …to shield external magnetic field interference. In this paper, an overall calibration method of measurement system based on magnetic source excitation is proposed to meet the requirements of electromagnetic field accurate measurement in ground-airborne frequency domain. Firstly, based on the electromagnetic measurement method in ground-airborne frequency domain, the overall calibration method and principle of the detection system are introduced. Then, based on the computable standard magnetic field generated by the magnetic source transmitting coil, determine the measured voltage obtained by the receiving system, get the calibration coefficient of the receiving system. At last,the source of standard uncertainty related to calibration is analyzed, and the uncertainty is evaluated. In addition, the method is verified by comparing the calibration results with those obtained by Braunbeck coil calibration. Show more

Keywords: Ground-air frequency domain electromagnetic detection, air-core sensor (ACS), magnetic source excitation, calibration

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220197

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 343-360, 2023

Authors: Liu, Chengcheng | Yang, Fan | Wang, Shaoheng | Zhang, Wenfeng | Wang, Youhua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Because of its special structure and manufacturing process, the soft magnetic composite (SMC) material has shown its advantages over silicon sheets, including magnetic and thermal isotropy, low high-frequency core loss, low material wastes during its manufacturing process, etc.. Considering the price of SMC raw material can be very cheap in the future, it is an ideal material for developing the low-cost electrical machine. Combined with SMC cores and low-cost ferrite magnets, some electrical machines with SMC and ferrite magnets for low-cost applications were developed in the past decades, which include the transverse flux flux switched permanent magnet motor (TFFSPMM), …axial flux claw pole permanent magnet motor (AFCPM), axial flux vernier motor (AFVM), dual rotor axial flux permanent magnet motor (DRAFM) and axial radial flux permanent magnet motor (RAFM). To better utilize SMC material, all these machines are designed following the design guidelines of SMC machines. Though both of them with good performance for low-cost applications, it is necessary to know the main advantages of each machine. The main target of this paper is to compare these machines quantitatively. For obtaining the comparison results fairly all these machines are optimized by using the sequential robust Taguchi method. Finally, it can be seen that the AFVM and TFFSPMM are with relatively high torque ability and the DRAFM is with high efficiency and power factor ability. Show more

Keywords: Soft magnetic composite, quantitative comparison, flux switching, claw pole motor, vernier machine, axial flux machine

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220268

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 361-385, 2023

Authors: Ni, Youyuan | Qiu, Zhiwei | Xiao, Benxian

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: In order to increase the torque performance of the conventional surface-inset Halbach machines, a surface-inset Halbach machine with trapezoidal mixed grade magnets is proposed and investigated. Based on a layered and linear superposition method, the air-gap magnetic fields are analytically obtained from solution of matrix equations. In addition, the dimensions of mid-magnet and the remanences of Halbach magnets are analytically optimized. In order to show its advantages, the optimized performances of the proposed machine model are compared with those of the conventional Halbach and trapezoidal equal grade Halbach machines. The prediction shows that the proposed optimized machine model has the …largest electromagnetic torque and the lowest torque ripple. The demagnetization performance is also investigated. Finally, the finite element analysis (FEA) results verify the analytical predictions. Show more

Keywords: Surface-inset Halbach machine, trapezoidal, mixed grade, electromagnetic torque, demagnetization performance

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220192

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 387-408, 2023

Authors: Hou, Peng | Ge, Baojun | Tao, Dajun | Pan, Bo | Liu, Shuqi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the design of high-speed permanent magnet motor (HSPMM) is constrained by multi-physical fields, this paper starts with the comprehensive study of multi physical fields, introduces the finite element calculation model of rotor strength-rotor dynamics-electromagnetic field-fluid field and temperature field, carries out the comprehensive design of a 100 kW, 18 000 r/min FeCo based HSPMM, and gives the detailed and complete research process of the main parameters of HSPMM under multi-physical field constraints. First, the initial dimensions of the motor are obtained by electromagnetic and mechanical design theory. Secondly, the influence of design parameters on rotor …stress is analyzed in detail, including the influence of bearing rigidity, impeller mass, rotor diameter, rotor core length and gyroscopic effect on critical speed. Subsequently, the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor are comprehensively studied, the cooling system is designed in the Flow-Heat coupling calculation model and the temperature field is studied. Finally, the prototype test verifies the correctness and validity of the comprehensive research method of multi physical field. Show more

Keywords: High speed permanent magnet motor (HSPMM), FeCo based, multi physical field, rotor stress, rotor dynamics, thermal analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220190

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 409-431, 2023

Authors: Hu, Guoliang | Yang, Xiao | Wu, Lifan | Zhu, Wencai | Li, Gang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to improve the braking performance of magnetorheological (MR) brake, a new MR brake with parallel multi-channel structure was developed in this paper. The three layers of axial damping gaps in the MR brake were utilized by using of the magnetic conductivity of the material, and the double excitation coils was also adopted to effectively improve the braking performance. The braking torque and temperature characteristics were analyzed theoretically, and the electromagnetic field and temperature field were simulated and verified. Braking performance and temperature characteristics of the parallel multi-channel MR brake were tested, and the torque, braking time and temperature …characteristics of the MR brake were obtained. The test results show that under the condition of constant rotational speed of 700 r/min and applied current of 2 A, the maximum torque can reach 26.25 N⋅m, and the temperature rises from 18.3 °C to 58.01 °C within 20 s. Meanwhile, the braking time is about 1.63 s. Show more

Keywords: MR brake, electromagnetic field, temperature field, braking performance

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220260

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 433-459, 2023