International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 69, issue 1

Authors: Li, Lihui | Li, Xu | Li, Weikang | Fu, Jinghua | Wu, Xiaoshan | Zhao, Heming | Chen, Yong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Due to the high voltage and high current working characteristics of EV driving system, strong electromagnetic interference is formed in the working process, and the shielding effectiveness of the high-voltage connector assembly connecting each part of the driving system is directly related to the level of its electromagnetic interference emission. The high-voltage connector is usually made by triaxial method. However, due to the influence of sample coupling length and cutoff frequency, the triaxial method is prone to produce a region of more than 25 MHz, resulting in test failure. Therefore, modeling analysis of the shielding effectiveness of the connector assembly in …the early stage is crucial for the final development of a connector assembly with good shielding effectiveness. In this paper, an analytical optimization model named Z TD -Demoulin is proposed to calculate the transfer impedance value of the dynamic shielded wire (double-layer shielded) of the electric vehicle. The model takes into account the influence of the double-layer shielded cable (braided-belt and aluminum foil) on the DC resistance and small-hole inductance of the shielding layer, and analyzes the transfer impedance value which presents the shielding effectiveness of the connector assembly. Based on the double-layer shield optimization model, an optimization model of high-voltage connector assembly is established. This established model takes into account the influence of connector contact resistance and inductance value. Comparison between the triaxial coaxial method and the established model found that when K connector = 6K cable , the fitting effect of the model was the best and the transfer impedance value above 25 MHz could be predicted. Show more

Keywords: Power cable, transfer impedance, triaxial method, double layer shielding

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210150

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2022

Authors: Abubakar, Usman | Wang, Xiaoyuan | Haleem Shah, Sayyed | Gao, Peng | Wang, Lixin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A temperature rise occurs when an electrical machine is fully loaded. The winding insulations of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are the most temperature-sensitive components, which can impact the machine’s longevity. Thus, recently, prediction for high-speed PMSM winding temperature has been given more and more attention. Thermal analysis by numerical (computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM)) and analytical lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) methods have been widely used to estimate the temperature of totally enclosed fan cooled axial ventilation system (TEFCAVS) machines. Although numerical methods have more accuracy, their computation wastes time. Therefore, LPTN is being …utilized in this paper due to the fastness of its computation. Firstly, estimated losses of high-speed PMSM with TEFCAVS via electromagnetic analysis, including copper, iron, permanent magnet (PM) eddy current, sleeve eddy current, and mechanical, are coupled to the LPTN model, which acts as heat sources for temperature prediction. Moreover, analysis shows that slot windings’ maximum temperature exceeds the winding insulation class with initial cooling configuration. Secondly, in order to mitigate slot winding temperature, the sensitivity study for liner conductivity, air gap’s heat transfer and lamination to housing’s contact is conducted by LPTN to identify which thermal parameter has more influence on mitigating the maximum temperature of the slot winding. Investigation shows that improving an air gap’s heat transfer has more influence than other parameters for mitigating slot winding maximum temperature below its insulation class. Lastly, the machine is designed and tested with the best thermal-sensitive parameters. Then test results for the maximum temperature of the winding are compared with estimated results to ensure the proposed LPTN correctness, and the calibration process confirms LPTN accuracy. Show more

Keywords: Electromagnetic analysis, airflow network, thermal network, high-speed PMSM

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210087

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 13-43, 2022

Authors: Ouaf, Mahmoud E. | Abou-zeid, Mohamed | Younis, Yasmeen M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article discusses the effects of entropy generation as well as slip velocity condition on MHD Jeffery nanofluid flow through a porous medium in a channel with peristalsis. We take the effects of mixed convection, heat source, double diffusion and chemical reaction into consideration. Using the assumption of low-Reynolds number and long-wavelength, series solutions of the governing equations are obtained via homotopy perturbation method. Results will be discussed at various parameters of the problem and drawn graphically. Physically, our model is consistent with the motion of digestive juice in the bowel whenever we are going to insert an endoscopy through …it. It is noticed that the axial velocity magnifies with an increase in the values of both first and second slip parameters. Meanwhile, the value of the axial velocity reduces with the elevation in the values of both Grashoff and Darcy numbers. On the other hand, the elevation in the value of thermal radiation leads to a reduction in the value of fluid temperature. Furthermore, increasing in the value of order of chemical reaction parameter makes an enhancement in the value of the solutal concentration. It is noticed also that the entropy generation enhances with the increment in the value of Eckert number. The current study has many accomplishments in several scientific areas like engineering industry, medicine, and others. Therefore, it represents the gastric juice motion depiction in the human body when an endoscope is inserted through it. Show more

Keywords: Entropy generation, nanofluid, peristaltic flow, double diffusive, porous medium

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210215

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 45-65, 2022

Authors: Fan, Yumeng | Yang, Guolai | Li, Jiahao | Zhang, Hongyi | Wang, Liqun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to predict the performance of a permanent magnet linear braking (ECB) with cylindrical structure, an analytical model is established in this paper. The model is based on the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method with the consideration of the often ignored magnetic saturation in pole shoe. The influence of induced eddy current is taken into account by introducing the magnetomotive force (MMF) in the model. To obtain braking force, a simple method for approximating the cross-section of the electric field with mean value method is proposed. The proposed model that can predict the braking force performance of ECB in …a wide range of structural dimensions is obtained through referring to a small number of finite element models. A prototype test is carried out. The validity of the proposed method is verified through experiment and FEM. Results show that the braking force predicted by the presented method are in good agreement with experimental results and FEM results under different design parameters. The proposed model can accurately represent the variation trend of braking force and critical speed with design parameters. Show more

Keywords: Eddy current brake, analytical modeling, magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC), permanent magnet (PM), saturation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210190

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 67-86, 2022

Authors: Eldabe, Nabil Tawfik | El Shaboury, Samy M. | El Arabawy, Hassan A. | Abou-zeid, Mohamed Y. | Abuiyada, Alaa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We analysed Soret and Dufour effects on peristaltic flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-Newtonian nanofluid in a uniform symmetric channel with wall properties. Moreover, we involved effects of Joule heating, chemical reaction. Furthermore, we considered Brownian motion and thermophoresis. Then, we simplified the governing equations to a system of partial differential equations by applying low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations and we solved them by using Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). We sketched the influence of various parameters on the stream function, velocity, temperature and nanoparticles concentration in graphs and we discussed them physically. Also, we obtained graphs for heat transfer …coefficient, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the upper wall of the channel. Finding revealed that as the wall proprieties parameters E 1 and E 2 increased the velocity and temperature increased, but the stream function increased and decreased. While, Bingham number Bn had an opposite relative to the wall proprieties parameters E 1 and E 2. Show more

Keywords: Bingham plastic Nanofluid, Joule heating, wall properties, Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210126

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 87-106, 2022

Authors: Chen, Yuheng | Wang, Yinshun | Chai, Hua | Zhang, Guangyi | Wang, Jian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: REBCO coated conductors (REBCO CCs), the second-generation high-temperature superconducting (2G HTS) tapes, are subjected to electromagnetic stress in an electromagnetic environment, and tremendous stress can damage tapes such that lose their superconductivity. This paper uses the numerical method to simulate the electromagnetic response and related mechanical properties of the quasi-isotropic strand (Q-IS) under the applied magnetic field and carrying current and their combination. The simulation is based on the Kim model in which the critical current density is related to the magnetic field. First, the stress distribution of the superconducting core inside the Q-IS under the applied magnetic field and …if transport current is given. According to the different magnetic field amplitudes and current amplitudes, the influence of the copper sheath and the filling layer thickness on the maximum stress of the Q-IS is studied. Also calculated the current distribution, magnetic field penetration, and stress distribution of the Q-IS under the conditions of transporting direct current (DC) and applying a 2 Hz sinusoidal alternating current (AC) magnetic field. The performance of the Q-IS is entirely different in the rising and falling durations of the magnetic field. Stress concentration occurs at the four corners of the superconducting core. The left and right sides of the superconducting core with relatively large stress and deformation are easily damaged. Show more

Keywords: Quasi-isotropic strand, Kim model, current distribution, magnetic flux pinning, electromagnetic stress

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210078

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 107-124, 2022