International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 63, issue 3

Authors: Yao, Wang | Hai Tao, Yu | Rong, Guo | Dong Yang, Li | Ningjun, Feng | Zheng, Xu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An extended state observer (ESO) based fuzzy adaptive sliding mode control (FASMC) for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system is proposed in this paper. In order to improve the disturbance rejection property, a dynamic disturbance compensation method is developed based on extended state observer. A fuzzy adaptive sliding mode control method with a novel sliding mode reaching law is presented to enhance the tracking performance. Then, the proposed method called FASMC-ESO, is applied to regulate the speed of PMSM. The global asymptotic stability analysis of the system is proved by Lyapunov functions. Comparative simulation and experiment results verify the …effectiveness of the proposed method. Show more

Keywords: Disturbance observer (DO), permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), fuzzy adaptive (FA), sliding mode control (SMC), extended state observer (ESO)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190098

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 391-407, 2020

Authors: Hasan, Alfaisal A. | Mekheimer, Khaled S. | Tantawy, Bassem E.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The present work studies magnetohydrodynamic stability with streaming resistive triple superposed fluid layers. This system is influenced by an oblique magnetic field. The solution of motion equations by using the method of perturbation analysis under the boundary conditions which leads to deriving the dispersion relationship describing the behaviour of the perturbed and unperturbed system. The effect of different parameters on the stability and the instability of this system was studied. Regions of stability and instability are identified by drawning the curves to illustrate the regions of stability and instability behaviour. It is found that the magnetic field permeability coefficient, the …intensity of the magnetic field values, the increase of the fluids density values and the streaming velocity have destabilizing influences on the considered system. The presence of an oblique magnetic field plays a stabilizing role and can be used to retard the destabilizing influence. Show more

Keywords: Self-gravitating, resistive, superposed fluids, streaming, oblique magnetic fields

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190110

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 409-419, 2020

Authors: Li, Jinghe | Wu, Xiangling | Peng, Ronghua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The significant electrical anisotropy characteristic is recognized from the deposition process of marine medium caused by the rock bedding and fissures. In this work, we present the effect of three dimensional marine controlled source electromagnetic (3D MCSEM) response induced by the marine medium with the electrical anisotropy characteristic. A 3D numerical simulation of MCSEM forward is implemented with the conductivity principal axis anisotropy medium. Basing on Maxwell’s equations and boundary conditions, governing equations are discretized to construct linear field equations for the scattering field using the finite difference method. Then direct solution method is used to solve large-scale linear equations …to obtain the electromagnetic field response. Considering vertical and horizontal transverse isotropic models (VTI and HTI), 3D electrical models with the conductivity principal axis anisotropy are designed. 3D MCSEM responses of the electrical anisotropy are calculated and discussed, especially while the background formations and oil-bearing reservoirs are prominent electrical anisotropy respectively. Numerical results of 3D MCSEM response with the conductivity principal axis anisotropy would be helpful to improve the efficiency of the data interpretation in MCSEM exploration. Show more

Keywords: Electrical anisotropy, principal axis anisotropy, 3D MCSEM, finite difference method, VI model

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-200004

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 421-434, 2020

Authors: Pengning, Zhang | Lin, Li

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, the magnetostrictive characteristics of silicon steel sheet under sinusoidal, rectangular and triangular voltage excitations are studied by using a magnetostrictive strain measuring system (MST500). The magnetostrictive butterfly curves, time domain and frequency domain of magnetostriction are compared and analyzed. The results show that the size and distortion of magnetostriction increase with the increase of saturation degree of silicon steel under all excitation types. The distortion degree of magnetostriction under all rectangular voltage excitations is larger than which is under sinusoidal and triangle excitations, and the smaller duty cycle of rectangular excitations cause more serious distortion of magnetostriction. …Finally, the A-weighted magnetostriction velocity level of silicon steel sheet under excitation of different types is calculated and compared. The results show that, because there are lots of high frequency magnetostrictive components, the noise produced by the rectangular excitations is much larger than produced by the sinusoidal and triangle excitations. This research provides experimental and data support for the vibration calculation of power equipment working under non-sinusoidal excitation. Show more

Keywords: Magnetostriction, silicon steel sheet, different excitation types, butterfly curves

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190146

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 435-448, 2020

Authors: Gao, Peng | Zhao, Xiaoxiao | Gu, Yuxi | Wang, Xiaoyuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (AFPMSMs) with printed circuit board (PCB) windings take on different electromagnetic and thermal performance characteristics when compared to the traditional radial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (RFPMSMs). This paper presents the electromagnetic and thermal analysis of an AFPMSM. Taking a prototype AFPMSM with PCB winding as an example, the finite element method (FEM) and the electromagnetic thermal coupling method are used to conduct an analysis on this machine. The analysis results show that AFPMSMs can work under higher winding current density, and the main reasons of which are discussed in detail. Furthermore, its electromagnetic …and thermal characteristics at rated state, different current densities and speeds are studied, respectively. Finally, the validity of the simulation model is verified by prototype experiment, which provides a reference for the thermal research of AFPMSM with PCB winding. Show more

Keywords: Axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (AFPMSMs), printed circuit board (PCB) winding, finite element method (FEM), coupled electromagnetic-thermal method

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190107

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 449-464, 2020

Authors: Ni, Jiabao | Ding, Changjiang | Zhang, Yaming | Song, Zhiqing | Hu, Xiuzhen | Hao, Tingjie

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to study the drying characteristics of Chinese wolfberry using the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) partially combined with oven drying method, in this paper, the drying experiment of Chinese wolfberry was carried out by different combinations of EHD drying and oven drying. The drying parameters, active ingredients and microstructure of Chinese wolfberry under different drying processing were measured. The results showed that under the two-stage drying processing of EHD drying and oven drying, at the early stages the EHD drying has a greater effect on the drying of Chinese wolfberry, and in the later stage the oven drying has a greater …effect. The drying rate of Chinese wolfberry using the EHD partially combined with oven drying was significantly higher than those of the oven drying and the control. The EHD partially combined with oven drying have great influence on drying rate, rehydration rate and polysaccharide content, and have little effect on shrinkage and flavonoid content. Compared with the EHD drying or oven drying, the EHD drying partially combined with the oven drying significantly increased the effective moisture diffusion coefficient of the Chinese wolfberry. The results also showed that the EHD drying partially combined with oven drying caused a significant change in the microstructure of Chinese wolfberry according to scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. It provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for understanding the parameter characteristics and drying mechanism of EHD drying partially combined with oven drying technology. Show more

Keywords: EHD drying, oven drying, Chinese wolfberry, active ingredients

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190066

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 465-482, 2020

Authors: Liu, Qianjie | Chen, Wei | Hu, Huosheng | Hu, Guoliang | Zhu, Qingyuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper investigates how magnetorheological (MR) damper parameters affect the dynamic response of a full-vehicle suspension system in much detail. The constitutive mechanical model and characteristics of MR damper are firstly obtained and analyzed, which preferably describes the physical parametric features of MR damper. To simplify the impact analysis model, a full-vehicle control model with the PID decoupling controller based on the inverse model for MR damper is established. In line with the above developed full-vehicle model, the impact analysis of input current on the suspension dynamic responses is obtained by updating the equivalent damping coefficient of MR damper. The …effect of MR damper parameters on the dynamic responses is investigated based on the RMS of the percentage-based slope, and its wear effect caused by the friction loss in practical application is also discussed. The experimental results show that the piston diameter and cylinder inner diameter have greater influence on the dynamic responses than other influence parameters include the coil turns, effective piston length and piston rod diameter. In contrast, the apparent viscosity of MR fluids has little influence on the dynamic responses. In addition, the MR semi-active suspension has better stability than the passive suspension when parameter perturbation occurs in the suspension system. It is necessary to ensure that MR damper has the suitable maximum output damping force and large enough dynamic range simultaneously. Show more

Keywords: Magnetorheological damper, vehicle suspension, mechanical model, semi-active control, dynamic response

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190080

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 483-503, 2020

Authors: Chang, Xin | Lu, Qinfen | Wang, Zihui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The low-speed Maglev train adopts single-sided linear induction motors (SLIMs) as traction part. Although the phase winding normally adopts single-branch in order to avoid circulating current caused by longitudinal end effect, the influence of circulating current is not investigated in detail. This paper calculates the circulating current and force performance of SLIMs with dual-branch by 3D finite element method (FEM). Firstly, two kind connections of dual-branch phase winding are introduced, called continuous connection or interval connection respectively. Secondly, the circulating current and force performance are obtained at both starting and steady state, and then the effect of circulating current on …force performance is deduced. Thirdly, the contribution to force performance by each coil assembly is studied. Finally, the circulating current, force performance and efficiency under different air gap length are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the dual-branch connection has better force performance than single-branch one, but also bigger current unbalance and lower efficiency. Show more

Keywords: Dual-branch, single-sided linear induction motors (SLIMs), low-speed Maglev train, force performance, 3D finite element method (FEM)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-200003

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 505-520, 2020

Authors: Jiang, Zhaoneng | Huang, Shichun | Wang, Zhixin | Ji, Fangzheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An effective solution method is proposed to analyze the electromagnetic scattering problem of coated targets, which is based on a novel form of multilevel matrix decomposition algorithm (NFMLMDA). It uses an efficient directional grouping scheme to subdivide the far-field domain, and then a novel distribution form of equivalent source is applied to reduce the matrix filling time and memory requirement. By using the grouping scheme, the far-field interaction domain can be divided into many cone structures. The matrix between the observation group and far-field group in the cone structure is low-rank, which meets the directional far-field requirement. Meanwhile, the impedance …boundary condition (IBC) is applied to simplify the solution process and improve the accuracy of the approximate solution. The method of this paper is very suitable for the needs of various kinds of complex problems. Show more

Keywords: Novel form of multilevel matrix decomposition algorithm (NFMLMDA), fast solution, impedance boundary condition (IBC)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-200005

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 521-528, 2020

Authors: Wang, Haoxiang | Chen, Long | Sun, Xiaodong | Cai, Yingfeng | Diao, Kaikai

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This work presents the development of an optimal segmented-rotor switched reluctance machine (SSRM) for the application as belt-driven starter/generators in hybrid electric vehicles. Different from conventional switched reluctance machines, the stator of the SSRM consists of two types of poles, i.e., exciting and auxiliary poles, and the rotor consists of a series of discrete segments. The initial design of this new SSRM is obtained based on the specifications of the belt-driven starter/generators. To improve the steady-state and dynamic performances in the practical operation, six important parameters, including two coefficients of stator and rotor poles, the stator inner diameter, radial height …of rotor segment, and the turn-on and turn-off angles are optimized to maximize the output torque and minimize the core loss. Then, the overall performances before and after optimization are compared. It is found that the obtained optimal SSRM exhibits better flux linkage and inductance characteristics, and higher torque and output power within the whole speed range. Moreover, for the generator performance, the SSRM after optimization exhibits higher power and efficiency under the same speed. Finally, to validate the analysis method, a prototype is built and its steady-state and dynamic performances are verified by the experimental results. Show more

Keywords: Finite element method, optimization design, segmented-rotor switched reluctance machine, belt-driven starter/generator (BSG), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-200013

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 529-550, 2020