International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 75, issue 1

Authors: Zhang, Shiwei | Huang, Xiaorui | Liu, Rongmei | Liu, Chengcheng | Wang, Shaopeng | Wang, Youhua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: By designing stator teeth using grain-oriented sheets (GO) and other parts still with non-grain-oriented sheets (NGO), the electromagnetic performance of the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (GO-IPMSM) can be improved greatly. As the stator core of the designed GO-IPMSM is a hybrid core that is composed of two different silicon sheets, both the electromagnetic and mechanical performances are affected by the stator joint shape between GO and NGO sheets. Meanwhile, with the adoption of GO, the torque ripple of GO-IPMSM is increased though the average torque is increased as well. For reducing the torque ripple, optimizing the rotor barrier shape …is an effective way. In this paper, the piecewise linear interpolation method is employed for establishing the stator joint shape between GO and NGO sheets, and the polynomial method is proposed to establish the rotor barrier shape. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the stator joint shape plays a strong role in affecting the mechanical performance of the GO-IPMSM, while the effect on the electromagnetic performance is weak. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the rotor barrier shape for achieving high average torque and low torque ripple. Lastly, a quick and accurate efficiency map calculation method based on the Kriging model is proposed for GO-IPMSM with less finite element method (FEM) samples are required. Show more

Keywords: Hybrid cores, grain-oriented sheet (GO), shape design optimization, interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM)

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220240

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 1-17, 2024

Authors: Wang, Guohong | Kou, Farong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The suspension system integrating both vibration control and energy harvesting capabilities is denoted as Dual-function Suspension (DFS). The principal objectives for DFS encompass lightweight structure, high output force, extensive adjustability in damping, and minimized energy consumption. In pursuit of optimizing the linear motor and magnetorheological damper (MRD) amalgamated into the DFS, a multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is conceived, emphasizing primary and secondary objectives to enhance the holistic performance of the DFS. A comprehensive mathematical model of the DFS is established, and subsequent to this modeling, the structural parameters of DFS are meticulously analyzed. Drawing upon the insights from …this analysis, primary and supplementary optimization objectives are delineated, employing PSO for the refinement of the DFS structure. Following this, the Pareto solution set, derived from the optimization process, is judiciously selected utilizing fuzzy theorem principles. The outcomes reveal that, under the constraints of unaltered suspension packaging dimensions and overall energy consumption, the optimized suspension system manifests a 50% augmentation in output force, a 30% expansion in adjustable damping range, and a 39% reduction in thrust ripple compared to its pre-optimized state. Show more

Keywords: Dual-function suspension, linear motor, magnetorheological damper, Pareto, optimization, particle swarm algorithms

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220282

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 19-37, 2024

Authors: Ding, Linglong | Zhang, Yunfeng | Jiang, Minmin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The initial stage in aircraft lightning protection design and safety certification involves delineating the lightning attachment zone. The lightning leader’s development is inherently random, favoring the shortest path to the aircraft fuselage. In response, we employ the enclosing ball method to establish the lightning attachment zone. First, define the center point of the aircraft as the coordinate position for the sphere’s center, creating a sphere with a specified radius. The leader’s initial position is then selected from any point on the sphere. Second, by calculating distances between the leader’s position and various areas on the aircraft surface, we determine the …shortest path. The corresponding aircraft surface area along this path is identified as the lightning attachment zone for the leader. Subsequently, choose a new leading position on the sphere and iterate through the calculation process until all sphere positions are considered. Finally, tally the occurrence frequencies for all calculated attachment areas, representing the attachment probability of each area based on its frequency of occurrence. This paper not only compares our method with the electrostatic field simulation method but also contrasts it with the probability distribution of lightning attachment points obtained from aircraft flight experiments. The comparison results are highly favorable, providing robust verification for the correctness of our approach. Show more

Keywords: Attachment point, lightning attachment zone, enclosing ball method, leader progession model

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230026

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 39-52, 2024

Authors: Ren, Qiao | Zhang, Jimin | Zhou, Hechao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this study, a novel composite control scheme for the vehicle-guideway coupling systems is proposed, consisting of FTDOs and a FTC, aiming to address the challenges of unknown disturbances and vibration suppression. Specifically, this method adopts a single magnet-track coupling model and introduces a finite-time disturbance observer (FTDO) that utilizes only measured electromagnet-side signals to estimate unmeasurable states and unknown disturbances. Based on the estimated information provided by the FTDO, a finite-time control (FTC) scheme is developed, which simultaneously handles the problems of disturbance compensation and finite-time tracking control. Additionally, the finite-time stability of the levitation system is analyzed and …proven. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed control approach. Show more

Keywords: Maglev, vibration suppression, finite-time disturbance compensation, finite-time stabilization

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230040

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 53-71, 2024

Authors: Zhang, Pengning | Liao, Wenjie | Zhang, Ning | Li, Quanjiang | Cao, Qingshan | Zhan, Ying

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Accurate measurement of magnetostriction is the basis for calculating the vibration of silicon steel laminated core. In this paper, a laser magnetostriction measurement system (MST500) is used to study the magnetostriction characteristics of silicon steel under sinusoidal, third harmonic, and DC bias magnetization. The magnetostrictive butterfly curves, time domain waveforms, and spectrum diagrams of silicon steel sheets under different excitations are compared and analyzed. The effects of different operating conditions on the magnetostrictive properties of silicon steel sheets were studied and analyzed, mainly including amplitude and spectrum analysis. Finally, the magnetostrictive peak to peak curves under different operating conditions were …extracted, providing a data basis for the core vibration of power equipment. Show more

Keywords: Magnetostriction, silicon steel sheet, vibration, working conditions

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230044

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 73-88, 2024

Authors: Zhang, Yuanyuan | Liu, Zhao | Luan, Zaimao | Cao, Xuefen | Meng, Fanhui | Song, Lin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Artificially triggered lightning experimental data from Guangdong Comprehensive Observation Experimental Base on Lightning Discharge (GCOELD) was applied to analyze the propagation effect of lightning electromagnetic field along the real ground surface. The accuracy of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) on correcting lightning location system (LLS) errors was validated compared with the Elevation Model (EM). Results show that the wave-shape and time-delay of electromagnetic fields can be significantly affected when they propagate over the real ground surface. The time-delay of the field waveform become larger with an increasing roughness. The wavefront electric field is enhanced due to the reflection and variant of …the wave when lightning waves propagate across the high and sharp terrain. Near the lightning strokes, the peak of vertical electric value decreases significantly with the electrostatic shielding effect. The max time delay calculated by FDTD is 8.34 μs; while that by EM is 6.55 μs. In the selected nine lightning stroke points, eight are positively revised by EM, and five by FDTD. Both FDTD and EM can be used on LLS error revision caused by the real ground surface around GCOELD, although EM is more efficient than FDTD in this case. Show more

Keywords: Lightning location system errors, the Elevation Model, the finite-difference time-domain

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230070

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 89-104, 2024