International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 71, issue 1

Authors: Abdul Hamid, Mohamad Ihsan | Abd Fatah, Abdul Yasser | Mazlan, Saiful Amri | Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah | Imaduddin, Fitrian | Nordin, Nur Azmah

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This research introduces a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) bushing that has the potential to be applied to vibration control for automotive applications. An annular shape of MRE bushing is designed and fabricated by natural rubber (NR) based MRE with homogenous distribution of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The component consists of five parts, which are the inner and outer pipes, MRE, coil bobbin that wound by an electromagnetic coil, top and bottom ring plates, and housing. Based on a conceptual design, the electromagnetic circuit is simulated using Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) software for analyzing the distribution of magnetic flux. The fabricated …MRE bushing is undergone a compression test and load adhesion test for the performance evaluation. The compression test is conducted by using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) under various applied currents to obtain the force-displacement and stiffness behavior of the device. This study demonstrated that higher forces and stiffness are achieved compared to other MRE bushings. From here, at 5.5 mm of displacement, the ranges of forces are from 7.1 kN (off-state) to 8.5 kN (on-state at 2.5 A). Furthermore, the stiffness is increased by 19% from off-state to 2.5 A. Overall, the fabricated MRE bushing shows a significant response with the presence of the magnetic field from the simulation studies and experimental results. Thus, it has the potential for vibration control due to the ability to control rigidity. Show more

Keywords: Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), MRE bushing, force, stiffness, magnetic analysis, electromagnetic

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220023

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 1-19, 2023

Authors: Hu, Kun | Jiang, Hao | Wang, Shuang | Li, Fei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper addresses the balancing of global and local searches in the recently proposed AO (Aquila Optimizer) algorithm. The original random algorithm is modified using normal-distribution parameters, and an adaptive function represented by a Weibull function is added to the motion law of the predator. Sixteen benchmark functions are used to test the improved algorithm against several recently developed algorithms. The results show that the accuracy and convergence speed of the modified algorithm are improved while the advantages of the original algorithm are retained. In solving the problems of a complex calculation and limited solution in the design of a …hybrid electromagnetic structure based on a Halbach array, a prediction model based on the improved algorithm and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) is designed for improved prediction accuracy of the GRNN. Thirty groups of data are obtained using Ansoft, and the prediction accuracy of the improved GRNN is verified using the data. The mean squared error (MSE) of normalized prediction results reaches 0.1404. The improved prediction model has the prediction error less than 10% and its performance is better than the RBF and the KCV-GRNN. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210206

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 21-44, 2023

Authors: Zhang, Lihui | Xia, Yongming | Ma, Jien | Zheng, Jun | Yan, Wenjun | Fang, Youtong | Lu, Qinfen | Gong, Zhe

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The subcutaneous implant, which can realize on-demand drug release, is used for the treatments of some chronic diseases such as chronic pain, diabetes, and osteoporosis. This paper proposes a new type of wireless actuator for potential use in active implantable drug delivery systems. The proposed structure suits both wireless power well, which requires far-field flux traveling and receiving, and actuator design, which should take advantage of strong local magnetic fields. The mover in the actuator generates mechanical movement when power is transferred wirelessly to the actuator, and the mover restores to its original position when the wireless power stops. The …maximum oscillation amplitude of the mover can be achieved when the ON and OFF frequency of the wireless power transfer is equal to the mechanical resonant frequency of the mover. Experimental results on a prototype actuator with 20 mm in diameter and 10.3 mm in thickness are given for validating the proposed new idea. Show more

Keywords: Actuator, implant, magnetic resonance coupling, on-demand drug release, wireless power transfer, wireless actuator, wireless reluctance actuator

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210079

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 45-64, 2023

Authors: Zhang, Wendong | Pang, Liang | Yang, Qingliang | Qin, Haihong | Zhao, Chaohui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the cogging torque of tangential magnetizing parallel structure hybrid excitation synchronous motor (TMPS-HESM) rises sharply when the excitation current increases. Maxwell & Workbench & optiSLong co-simulation tool was used for research. Firstly, the length and width of the permanent-magnet, rotor eccentricity, and stator parameters are parameterized. The multi-objective optimization is carried out by using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Secondly, through sensitivity analysis, the influence degree of different input parameters on cogging torque, average torque and torque pulsation is discussed. Then, the quadratic regression model of high sensitivity parameters and cogging torque, average torque …and torque pulsation is established respectively. Finally, entropy technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used to select the optimal solution from pareto solution set. The results show that the cogging torque and torque ripple of the optimized motor are suppressed obviously, and the average torque is also improved. Show more

Keywords: Tangential focus type, hybrid excitation, cogging torque, PSO, entropy TOPSIS method

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220078

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 65-80, 2023

Authors: Chen, Long | Wang, Siqi | Yuan, Fang | Li, Decai

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A multi-frequency planar electromagnetic generator is proposed to harvest energy from low-frequency vibrations efficiently in a wide frequency range. The vibration energy harvester is composed of two single-degree-of-freedom resonant systems with different natural frequencies. Two permanent magnets are used as single-degree-of-freedom spring mass to respond to external vibrations, and controlled by another permanent magnet with magnetic attraction. In addition, ferrofluid adsorbed on the poles of two moving permanent magnets can reduce the damping significantly to improve the utilization of low-frequency micro vibrations. Experiments show that, during human walking and jogging, the fabricated generator can obtain 1.3718 mW and 1.4227 mW …output power, respectively. Show more

Keywords: ferrofluid, electromagnetic energy harvester, multi-frequency

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210151

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 81-90, 2023

Authors: Yang, YiFei | Zhang, GuoXin | Wang, Fang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A bearingless switched motor with permanent magnets in the stator yoke (BSRM-PMSY) with two sets of windings on each stator tooth pole is studied. The current in one set of windings mainly controls the motor torque, and rotor suspension can be realised by adjusting the current in the other set of windings. Each stator module unit of the motor is composed of a permanent magnet and two U-shaped iron cores. Finally, a BSRM-PMSY finite element simulation model is established to explore the static characteristics of the motor, including magnetic field distribution, permanent magnet flux linkage and harmonic analysis, back electromotive …force (EMF) and harmonic analysis, suspension performance, and so on. The analysis of the simulated results lays a foundation for the establishment of a BSRM-PMSY mathematical model and control system. Show more

Keywords: Bearingless motor, magnetic suspension, finite element analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-220056

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 91-102, 2023