International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 68, issue 2

Authors: Haroun, Mohamed Hassan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper investigates the electric properties of gold nanoparticles mixed with a convection dielectric couple stress fluid inside a vertical cylindrical tube with moving endoscope in the presence of Hall currents and thermal radiation. Under the long wavelength approximation and the use of appropriate conversion relationships between fixed and moving frame coordinates, the exact solutions have been evaluated for temperature distribution, gold nanoparticles concentration, electrical potential function and nanofluid pressure, while analytical solution is found for the axial velocity using the homotopy analysis method. The results show that the presence of the electric field enhances the effects of Brownian motion …parameter, thermophoresis parameter, radiation parameter, Hall currents and wave amplitude ratio on the axial nanofluid velocity, while it was found that its presence reduces the effects of couple stress parameter, thermophoresis diffusion constant and Brownian diffusion constant. Show more

Keywords: Couple stress fluid, electromagnetic field, gold nanoparticles, Hall currents, vertical oscillatory tube, thermal radiation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210051

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 141-157, 2022

Authors: Xu, Yadi | Li, Lin | Yuan, Xuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As a core component of the power electronic transformer (PET) in DC network, the multi-level high-frequency power transformer has received great attention due to the insulation material fatigue problems resulting from the hot-spot temperature rises. To solve this problem, a three-winding high-frequency transformer for 10 kVA PET application is designed and made in the laboratory, and the loss and temperature rise distribution is calculated by means of the finite element (FE) electromagnetic-thermal coupling simulation. The influence of temperature on the hysteresis and loss properties of core material has been carefully considered and measured. The influence of skin effect and end …effect on the winding loss is taken into account through the establishing three-dimensional FE model. Besides, the convective heat transfer coefficient is solved based on the principle of heat transfer instead of the empirical coefficient method. By compared with the experimental results, the calculated results are validated to be effective in predicting the loss and hot-spot temperature rises of the transformer. Show more

Keywords: Three-winding high-frequency transformer, magneto-thermal coupling, temperature effect, two-way multiple iterations calculation, loss calculation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210056

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 159-175, 2022

Authors: Cheng, Liqun | Chen, Wanzhong | Tian, Liguo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Piezoelectric actuator (PEA) is widely applied in the field of micro/nano high precision positioning. However PEA has the phenomenon of hysteresis non-linearity between input voltage and output displacement, due to the natural property of piezoelectric materials. The PEA hysteresis can be compensated by hysteresis models, which makes the input voltage and output displacement more linearity. The research work on compensation of PEA hysteresis by using various hysteresis models has been being a hot topic. This paper presents a modified direct inverse rate-independent Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) (MDIPI) model for compensating the hysteresis of PEA. The proposed MDIPI model has two different sets …of operators compared with classical PI (CPI) model having one set of operators. For the two sets operators in MDIPI model one is rate operators and the other is modified classical operators. By combining the two sets operators, the MDIPI model has the properties of the adaption and accuracy in hysteresis compensation. The MDIPI model can be used as feedforward controller to compensate different reference trajectories. Parameters of MDIPI model are calculated by matlab optimization tool box. The experiments of compensating the complex displacement trajectory and sinusoidal trajectory are validated on a platform of commercial PEA. The MDIPI model has achieved more accurate results than the Krasnosel’skii–Pokrovkii (KP), Preisach and CPI models. It is effective in improving the accuracy of PEA hysteresis compensation. Show more

Keywords: Piezoelectric actuator (PEA), hysteresis, feedforward compensation, Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) model, direct inverse

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210072

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 177-191, 2022

Authors: Liu, Zeyuan | Chen, Mei | Liang, Zhi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to solve the coupling between torque and suspended force of the traditional bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM), a bearingless switched reluctance motor with hybrid-rotor (HBSRM) is proposed in this paper. The HBSRM discussed in the paper has a twelve-pole stator and an eight-pole hybrid-rotor composed of a cylindrical rotor and a salient rotor. The magnetic pulling force between cylindrical rotor and stator is used to independently levitate the shaft, and that between salient rotor and stator is used to separately rotate the rotor. So, the HBSRM not only breaks the restriction of the effective output region between torque …and suspended force in the traditional BSRM, but also facilitates the decoupling algorithm design and simplifies the levitation control of this bearingless motor. Firstly, the topology, operating mechanism and mathematical model of the proposed HBSRM are introduced respectively. Then the no-load decoupling control and torque ripple of the traditional BSRM and HBSRM are compared. Moreover, the load decoupling control characteristics of HBSRM are presented and verified by simulation analysis. Show more

Keywords: Bearingless switched reluctance motor, mathematical model, decoupling control

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210080

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 193-208, 2022

Authors: Eldabe, Nabil T. | Abou zeid, Mohamed Y. | El Shabouri, Sami M. | Salama, Tarek N. | Ismael, Aya M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Inclined uniform magnetic field and mixed convention effects on micropolar non-Newtonian nanofluid Al2 O3 flow with heat transfer are studied. The heat source, both viscous and ohmic dissipation and temperature micropolarity properties are considered. We transformed our system of non-linear partial differential equations into ordinary equations by using suitable similarity transformations. These equations are solved by making use of Rung–Kutta–Merson method in a shooting and matching technique. The numerical solutions of the tangential velocity, microtation velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration are obtained as functions of the physical parameters of the problem. Moreover, we discussed the effects of these parameters …on the numerical solutions and depicted graphically. It is obvious that these parameters control the fluid flow. It is noticed that the tangential velocity magnifies with an increase in the value of Darcy number. Meanwhile, the value of the tangential velocity reduces with the elevation in the value of the magnetic field parameter. On the other hand, the elevation in the value of Brownian motion parameter leads to a reduction in the value of fluid temperature. Furthermore, increasing in the value of heat source parameter makes an enhancement in the value of nanoparticles concentration. The current study has many accomplishments in several scientific areas like medical industry, medicine, and others. Therefore, it represents the depiction of gas or liquid motion over a surface. When particles are moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Show more

Keywords: Ohmic dissipation, micropolar fluid, non-Darcy porous media, magnetohydrodynamic flow

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210100

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 209-221, 2022

Authors: Li, Zheng | Xing, Xuanxuan | Wang, Xueting | Sun, Hexu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In view of the fact that the transmission mode of the multi-DOF motor hinders its further development, the gas bearing is applied to the multi-DOF motor to form a new structure of the multi-DOF motor with air-floation (AMM). AMM not only improves the motor’s motion characteristics and transmission performance, but also basically does not cause environmental pollution. AMM uses porous static pressure gas bearing as the support structure, and completes the multi-DOF movement by controlling the energizing strategy of the coils. This paper introduces the structure of AMM, analyzes the basic working principle of AMM, and solves the air gap …magnetic field; the kinematics model of the motor is established, the motion of the motor is controlled with the help of virtual simulation software, and the motion trajectory of the motor is obtained through the marked points of the output shaft. Finally, the AMM was verified by experiments, the error of experiment and simulation was controlled at 5%, and the kinematics characteristics of the motor met the design requirements. The research results provide a new idea for the development of multi-DOF motor. Show more

Keywords: Multi-DOF motor, gas bearing, finite element analysis, electromagnetic calculation, motion characteristics

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210105

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 223-239, 2022

Authors: Hu, Haize | Li, Yunyi | Fang, Mengge | Hu, Feiyu | Rong, Zhanpeng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As an important part of substation, grounding grid is the main approach to release short-circuit current. Grounding grid is in the complex electromagnetic compund,and with increasely being operated, it is easily corroded for various reasons, resulting in short-circuit current not being discharged normally. It is difficult to detect the grounding grid without excavation, because it is generally buried underground. Therefore, it is very important to accurately detect the grounding grid without excavation. In this paper, a grounding grid detection method based on artificial intelligence hybrid algorithm is proposed. In order to verify the accuracy of the detection method, the grounding …grid model is established by using electromagnetic transient simulation software ATP-EMTP. According to the ATP-EMTP simulation model, the node potential of each point of the grounding grid is detected as the reference object for verification. In order to remove the randomness of the simulation results, the average value of 20 tests was used as the corrosion diagnosis result. The results show that the missed diagnosis rate of the proposed in paper was 2.1%, which was reduced by 12.1%, 7.1% and 7.5% respectively compared with the other three algorithms. At the same time, the misdiagnosis is 2.1%, which is reduced by 10%, 6.2% and 12.9% respectively for the other three algorithms. In sum, the corrosion leakage diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of the proposed artificial intelligence algorithm are lower than those of the other three optimization algorithms, and have higher accuracy and stability in corrosion diagnosis. Show more

Keywords: Grounding grid, artificial intelligence, hybrid algorithm, corrosion, ATP-EMTP

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210112

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 241-262, 2022

Authors: Ho, Min-Hua | Hsu, Chung-I G. | Hung, Jhuo-Ting | Shen, You-Lin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The contribution of this work is to propose miniaturized trisection bandpass filters (BPFs) using size-reduced substrate integrated coaxial resonators (SICRs). The applied SICRs are operated under a coaxial mode. The occupied circuit area of the SICR developed from its structurally similar one, the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, is only 6.2% that of the latter, corresponding to a circuit-area reduction rate of 93.8%. The cross-coupling between the input and output resonators can be either a magnetic or electric coupling for locating the transmission zero near either the upper or lower passband edge, respectively. Sample trisection BPFs with magnetic/electric cross-couplings are …built for experimental verification. Agreements between measured and simulated data are observed. These miniaturized trisection BPFs with a freely switchable transmission zero are endowed with the advantage of an excellent circuit-area efficiency in the category of SICR and SIW cavity trisection BPFs. Show more

Keywords: Circuit miniaturization, substrate integrated coaxial resonator (SICR), substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, transmission zero allocation, trisection filter

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-210114

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 263-273, 2022