International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 64, issue 1-4

Authors: Yuxiang, Zhang | Renwen, Chen | Chuan, Liu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the continuous development of society and economy, people’s demand for electric energy is increasing. The low-carbon and energy-saving technologies of renewable energy especially wave energy have become the focus of current researches. Considering the increasingly serious energy problems, a wave energy converter (WEC) is proposed based on Halbach permanent magnetic array, which increases the output performance. The equivalent magnetic circuit model of the WEC is established. The static magnetic field modeling and structural parameters optimal permanent of the WEC are performed on this theoretical. Theoretical studies have found that the optimal permanent magnet thickness ratios for Halbach permanent magnet …array structures is 0.6, and the ratio of permanent magnet to coil radial ratio is 0.7. The coil winding form and rectifying circuit of the WEC were designed. The WEC equivalent magnetic circuit model was verified by COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software, and the open circuit voltages of WEC was obtained. If the WEC moves at a speed of 0.1 m/s, the coil voltage can reach about 113 V after simulation. According to the testing requirements of the WEC, a test platform was built. The Halbach permanent magnet array structures greatly enhances the wave energy collection of WEC. Show more

Keywords: WEC, Halbach, equivalent magnetic circuit model, finite element analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209440

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1227-1236, 2020

Authors: Chen, Yuanyuan | Jin, Wuyin | Wang, Meng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A novel deep learning segmentation method based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets (CGAN) is proposed, being U-GAN in this paper to overtake shortcomings of the metallographic images of GCr15 bearing steel, such as multi-noise, low contrast and difficult to segment. The results of experiment indicate that the proposed model is the most accurate comparing with the digital image processing methods and deep learning methods on carbide particle segmentation. The average Dice’s coefficient of similarity measure function is 0.9158, which is the state-of-the-art performance on dataset.

Keywords: Metallographic image, image processing, carbide particle segmentation, deep learning, CGAN

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209441

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1237-1243, 2020

Authors: Wang, Hongwei | Wan, Yi | Liu, Xinyu | Liu, Zhanqiang | Zhang, Xiao | Yu, Mingzhi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Fusion cage has been used in lumbar fusion procedure to treat degenerative disc disorders for decades. To address the drawback of Titanium (Ti) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage, a combination Ti/PEEK cage was proposed in present study. Topology optimization was performed to tailor the topological structure of Ti/PEEK cage. The biomechanical performance was comprehensively assessed using finite element method under simulated physiological load conditions. The volume of optimized cage was reduced by 9.7%. The increased volume for bone graft might improve the fusion performance. The lower peak stress was observed on superior and inferior bone endplates of Ti/PEEK cage model, which …reduced the risk of cage subsidence. Meanwhile, Ti/PEEK cage effectively reduced the stress shielding effect associated with over-stiffness of Ti cage. In conclusion, the combination Ti/PEEK cage might be a better choice for fusion surgery in relation to Ti or PEEK cage. Show more

Keywords: Fusion cage, lumbar spine, topology optimization, finite element

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209442

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1245-1252, 2020

Authors: Wang, Minghui | Yu, Hongliu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Clamping devices with constant force or pressure are desired in medical device, such as hemostatic forceps and the artificial sphincter, to prevent soft tissues from injures due to overloading. It is easily obtained by stretching an SMA wire. However, studies with SMA bending round bar have seldom been reported before. This paper studied constant force characteristic of C-shaped round bar with shape memory alloys. Optimization designs of the components were carried out with computational simulation. Numerical results show that the phenomenon of constant force strongly depends on contour curve shape and geometric dimensions of the C-shaped round bar of SMA …component. Show more

Keywords: Constant force, shape memory alloys, superelastic

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209443

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1253-1259, 2020

Authors: Otani, Shu | Nguyen, Dang-Trang | Taguchi, Kozo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this study, a portable and disposable paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) was fabricated. The MFC was powered by Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacteria (R. palustris ). An activated carbon sheet-based anode pre-loaded organic matter (starch) and R. palustris was used. By using starch in the anode, R. palustris -loaded on the anode could be preserved for a long time in dry conditions. The MFC could generate electricity on-demand activated by adding water to the anode. The activated carbon sheet anode was treated by UV-ozone treatment to remove impurities and to improve its hydrophilicity before being loaded with R. palustris . The developed …MFC could generate the maximum power density of 0.9 μW/cm2 and could be preserved for long-term usage with little performance degradation (10% after four weeks). Show more

Keywords: Paper-based MFC, Rhodopseudomonas palustris , UV-ozone cleaning, biofilm, bio-anode

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209444

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1261-1268, 2020

Authors: Shi, Ce | Sun, Feng | Dou, Rutong | Ren, Huizhi | Li, Qiang | Xu, Fangchao | Zhang, Xiaoyou

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of wear, lubrication and complex structure of digital oil-free scroll compressor, an oil-free scroll compressor driven by magnetic force is proposed in this paper. The new scroll compressor is driven by electromagnetic force, without anti-rotation mechanism and motor, which reduces mechanical contact, so as to achieve the goal of low wear and oil-free. Back pressure device provides variable axial magnetic force to reduce the vibration of the compressor and ensure that the compressor works under the optimum force. The mathematical model of back pressure device and driving force is established and verified by finite …element method. The results are in good agreement. The closed-loop step response of the new compressor is simulated. The gas force is decomposed and analyzed. The analysis, calculation and simulation results show that the back pressure device and the driving device meet the requirements of the compressor. Show more

Keywords: Digital scroll compressor, decomposition of compressor gas force, magnetic drive, hybrid magnetic force, finite-element method

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209445

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1269-1278, 2020

Authors: Luan, Boran | Sun, Feng | Qi, Shengfei | Xu, Fangchao | Li, Qiang | Zhang, Xiaoyou | Yang, Guang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, a kind of electromagnetic actuator is developed which can solve the problem of in time controlling inter-electrode gap in traditional EDM. An incoming current in the coil of an electromagnetic actuator generates Lorentz forces that cause the electrode to move axially. When the electromagnetic actuator is working, electrode is actuated positioned quickly, and electrode is produced a displacement of plus or minus 1 mm by control. The experiment shows that the response time of the electromagnetic actuator can meet the machining requirements. The discharge probability is increased and the machining efficiency is improved.

Keywords: Electron Discharge Machining (EDM), high efficiency, electromagnetic actuate, PID control

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209446

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1279-1286, 2020

Authors: Kato, Hirohisa | Komori, Mochimitsu | Asami, Ken-ichi | Sakai, Nobuo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, a centrifugal pump for for extremely low temperature was fabricated and evaluated by experiments in liquid nitrogen. The pump is using a bearingless motor and permanent magnet bearings to levitate and rotate the rotor without lubricating oil. The difference from the conventional study is that a one-axis controlled bearingless motor is used to reduce the magnetic bearing cost and that the bearings are installed in the liquid to eliminate a shaft-seal. Stable levitation and rotation of the rotor were confirmed in the rotation and pump experiments in liquid nitrogen. In pump experiment, the flow rate of liquid …nitrogen was measured at 1 cm in a pumping height. The maximum flow rate was 1.3 L/min when the rotation speed is 1,800 rpm. Show more

Keywords: Magnetic bearing, bearingless motor, centrifugal pump, low temperature, actuator

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209447

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1287-1294, 2020

Authors: Chen, Dezhi | Diao, Chengwu | Feng, Zhiyu | Zhang, Shichong | Zhao, Wenliang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper presents the performance of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor (OW-PMSM). It mainly includes vector modulation technology considering the unity power factor control.And a topology structure is proposed to optimize the fault tolerance of inverter. Matlab software and Maxwell software collaborative simulation are supplied to obtain the reactive power, speed, terminal voltage, electromagnetic torque etc. under normal and fault status. Finally, the simulation results of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor are verified by the experimental results.

Keywords: Open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, fault tolerance, unity power factor control

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209448

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1295-1303, 2020

Authors: Watanabe, Tomoki | Kato, Ryota | Murata, Koki | Kiryu, Shogo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Wireless power transfer technologies have been developing in various fields. One method of the wireless power transfer is one using electric field coupling. Capacitors are used in the method. If transparent conductive film as the electrodes are used, electric power can be transfer through a window glass. In this report, as an initial study for a wireless power feeding through a window glass, the electric characteristics of capacitors using a transparent conductive film were investigated. At first, the capacitances and the electric losses were measured. Next, a new capacitor structure was proposed in order to reduce the electric losses. The …transparent conductive film was divided and connected in parallel. The total loss resistance was reduced from 22.4 Ω to 5.30 Ω by using the structure. The transmission efficiencies were measured of 53.7% for the load resistance was 9.74 Ω, 85.9% for 45.9 Ω, and 97.1% for 97.9 Ω. Show more

Keywords: Wireless power transfer, capacitor, conductive transparent film, electric field coupling

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-209449

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 64, no. 1-4, pp. 1305-1313, 2020