International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics - Volume 50, issue 1

Authors: Wang, Bo | Zhuang, Yiqi | Li, Xiaoming | Zhang, Yanlong | Qi, Zengwei | Ren, Xiaojiao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A low profile planar monopole antenna with a small stub fed by a bent microstrip line with high gain is presented for RFID reader applications. The proposed antenna operates in microwave band of RFID, namely, 2.4 GHz band and 5.8 GHz band. A wide impedance bandwidth of 820 MHz has been achieved from 2 GHz to 2.82 GHz for the lower band, while the upper band covers 500 MHz from 5.6 GHz to 6.1 GHz. This paper minimizes the size of the antenna through modifying L-shape microstrip feed line. The antenna has a compact size of 40 mm × …37.5 mm × 1.6 mm, however, with a high gain critical for RFID reader applications. The antenna achieves 4.3 dBi and 8.1 dBi in 2.4 GHz band and 5.8 GHz band, respectively. Furthermore, crucial parameters are investigated to examine the effects of the antenna parameters on reflection coefficient as well as the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. Show more

Keywords: Compact antenna, modified L-shape, dual band

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-140154

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2016

Authors: Islam, M.M. | Islam, M.T. | Faruque, M.R.I. | Misran, N. | Samsuzzaman, M. | Hossain, M.I. | Alam, T.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, a disc-shaped monopole antenna has been investigated for super-wideband applications with a structure of parasitic element. The proposed SWB antenna consists of disc-shaped patch and a partial ground plane with a structure of parasitic element. The parasitic element consists of 4 rectangular embedded slots on the ground plane. This parasitic element on the ground plane leads the UWB frequency band into the SWB frequency band. This proposed SWB antenna is fed by a microstrip line and is printed on low dielectric FR4 material of 1.6 mm thickness. All the simulations are performed using commercially available, finite element …method (FEM) based Ansoft high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software and CST Microwave Studio. Measured results exhibit that the proposed disc-shaped antenna shows a wide bandwidth which covers from 2.90 GHz to more than 20 GHz, with a compact dimension of 25 mm × 33 mm for VSWR < 2, observing a SWB frequency. A good combination is noticed between simulation and measurement. The simple construction, sharply, surface current flow, much impedance bandwidth, nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns, stable peak gain (3.20-6.22 dBi) and a considerable bandwidth dimension ratio (≥ 2062. 22) are a good deal sounder than the existing super wideband antennas which make it appropriate for many wireless communication systems such as L, C, X, UWB, Ku, and SWB bands. Show more

Keywords: Microstrip line, parasitic element, SWB, UWB

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-140188

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 11-28, 2016

Authors: Abd Fatah, Abdul Yasser | Mazlan, Saiful Amri | Koga, Tsuyoshi | Zamzuri, Hairi | Imaduddin, Fitrian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Magnetorheological (MR) valve is widely applied in a lot of applications that utilizes the flow mode, which is one of the working modes available for MR fluid devices. This paper introduces the serpentine flux path method in an MR valve, whereby using this method it can help to increase the effective region of the valve. The magnetic flux is guided into the annular gap of the valve, as the magnetic flux can be weaved by alternating the magnetic and non-magnetic materials. The method is simulated using Finite Element Method Magnetics to see the effects of weaving steps and thicknesses of …non-magnetic materials to the magnetic flux distribution and pressure drop change in the valve. The results show that MR effective region can be increased with the serpentine flux path method, and the additional steps and thicknesses of non-magnetic materials help to further increase the pressure drops within the valve. Show more

Keywords: Magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological valve, serpentine flux path, FEMM simulation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150037

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 29-44, 2016

Authors: Alam, T. | Islam, M.T. | Faruque, M.R.I. | Mansor, F. | Arshad, H. | Samsuzzaman, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A novel compact microstrip patch circularly polarised antenna for mobile wireless application is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is incorporated with quadrilateral shape radiator, inverted S-shape partial ground plane and 50 Ω microstrip feed line. A wide impedance bandwidth of 109.13% (1.69-5.75 GHz with measured 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 22.22% (2-2.5 GHz) is realized with overall electrical size of 0.26 λ × 0.21 λ × 0.01 λ at lower-end frequency. The antenna also exhibits good performance of circular polarization (CP) radiation with lower 3d B AR beamwidth of ± …60°. In addition, the specific absorption rate of the presented antenna is analysed. Show more

Keywords: Antenna, circular polarization, wideband, wireless communication

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150043

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 45-49, 2016

Authors: Yaqoob, M.Z. | Shakir, I. | Ghaffar, A. | Khan, Y. | Naqvi, Q.A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Based on frame work of extended classical scattering theory, an analytical solution to transmission of an electromagnetic wave through nihility circular cylinder with anisotropic plasma coating is formulated, by expanding the incident wave, transmitted wave as well as scattered wave in the form of cylindrical vector wave function (CVWFs). The anisotropic effects associated with the parallel and perpendicular polarizations are described and analyzed. Further the scattering matrices approach is used to calculate the scattering coefficients. Under special condition, the results are found to be in good agreement with literature, which shows the accuracy of present work. Further, the effect of …plasma parameters and external magnetic field strength (B) on scattering echo width is studied. The results show that the plasma based scatterer can be used for the controlling, manipulation and tuning of electromagnetic waves. Show more

Keywords: Anisotropic, nihility, cylinder, scatterring, parallel and perpendicular polarization

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150047

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 51-61, 2016

Authors: Chen, Junwei | Zhang, Bo | Ding, Ye | Ding, Han

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: On the basis of the differential quadrature finite element method (DQFEM), this paper analyzes the field distribution of a new sinusoidal-edged Halbach magnet array in linear permanent-magnet actuators. By applying the proposed generalized blending function mapping from the irregular computational domain to the rectangular one, the magnetic field produced by a single sinusoidal-edged permanent magnet is solved. Then the magnetic field due to the magnet array is obtained by superposition. Numerical results show that the magnetic field obtained by the DQFEM is not only accurate in the middle part of the array, but also effective near the boundaries of the …array. In addition, the sinusoidal-edged Halbach magnet array produces a larger flux density with a small harmonic distortion, compared with rectangular and trapezoidal ones. Finally, design optimization is implemented and optimal solutions are achieved to compromise between the amplitude of flux density and the harmonic distortion. Show more

Keywords: Halbach magnet array, sinusoidal-edged, differential quadrature, DQFEM

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150069

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 63-80, 2016

Authors: Pfützner, Helmut | Shilyashki, Georgi | Gerstbauer, Erich | Trenner, Gerald

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper puts a novel methodology of ``multi-directionally non-linear magnetic equivalent-circuit calculation'' (MACC) for discussion. It models transformer cores of Goss texture through local elements that are represented by non-linear magnetic resistances. From its concept, it allows for 2D or 3D distributions of induction components, considering arbitrary degrees of non-linearity and anisotropy. The present work describes modelling of rotational magnetization by means of a network of elements for flux in three different directions, the rolling direction (RD), the transverse direction (TD) and the diagonal direction (DD) in overlaps. Other directions are assumed to be ``hard'', thus being neglected. A 3-phase …core package is modelled by 41 elements, assuming two main flux paths. Three sets of nonlinear permeability functions are attributed to the individual elements, starting with roughly estimated induction distributions. The corresponding system of Kirchhoff equations is solved in well known ways. Step-wise approximations of the set of induction components are performed until they correspond with the set of permeability values in acceptable grades. The resulting local distribution of induction components indicates maximum values of TD-components in the T-joint region and the adjoining yoke regions corresponding to maximum rotational magnetization. In comparison with experimental findings, the results of modelling show similar tendencies. However, as a specific advantage of MACC-modelling, it allows flexible and rapid checks of consequences of changes of material parameters and geometric parameters, respectively. Show more

Keywords: Numerical magnetic modelling, electric equivalence circuits, transformer cores, induction distribution, rotational magnetization, non-linear systems

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150072

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 81-95, 2016

Authors: Huang, Chengguang | Wu, Feng | Zhao, Jin | Zhou, Dehong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper presents a novel single and multiple open circuit fault detection and identification method for three phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) fed vector controlled drives. In healthy condition, d-axis reference voltage is constant. When fault occurs, it is distorted, which is applied to detect the insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) open circuit fault occurrence. The d-axis reference voltage distorted last for an interval time, the fault can be isolated by calculating the instant current vector rotating angles when the d-axis reference voltage gets distorted and recovered to constant, respectively, combined with space position of the current arc trajectory. The proposed …method is fair robust to load torque changes and variable speed, and can be embedded into the existing drive software as a subroutine without excessive computational effort. The feasibility of the proposed fault diagnosis algorithm is evaluated by both simulation and experimental results. Show more

Keywords: PWM voltage-source-inverter, induction motor drives, inverter, open-circuit, fault diagnosis

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150073

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 97-111, 2016

Authors: Liu, Shuang | Liu, Jinjie | Wu, Zheng | Li, Jianxiong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Bifurcation control for electromechanical coupling torsional vibration in rolling mill system driven by DC motor is studied in this paper. Considering the electromechanical devices under unsaturated magnetic circuit, the dynamical equation of electromechanical coupling vibration in rolling mill drive system is deduced by using the dissipation Lagrange equation. Analysing the system equilibrium point and characteristic roots. Choosing the torsional rigidity of rotating shaft as a bifurcation parameter and the necessary and sufficient conditions of Hopf bifurcation are given. The bifurcation characteristics of the system is investigated and the Washout filter is adopted to control the Hopf bifurcation, then the effect …of the filter's time constant and the linear gain on the location of bifurcation point is analyzed. The Normal Form factor is obtained by using the Direct Normal Form method. It is revealed that, the nonlinear gain can modify the periodic solution's amplitude and Hopf bifurcation type. Numerical simulations are also performed, which confirm the analytical results. Show more

Keywords: Main drive system of rolling mill, electromechanical coupling, Hopf bifurcation, Washout filter, Normal Form

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150083

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 113-125, 2016

Authors: Mahmoud, Imed | Rehaoulia, Habib

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The present paper deals with design, modelling and characteristics of a biomedical system. The involved biomedical system is a syringe pump generally used for continuous drug infusion. The syringe pump consists of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) coupled to a syringe plunger. In order to determine the axial force to control the syringe plunger, it was necessary to begin by evaluating the thrust force. For that purpose, an analytical approach is developed to evaluate the different forces and pressures involved. In addition, an experimental bench was conceived to determine the thrust force and validate the analytical model of the …syringe. Consequent results constituted the key element for designing and modelling the LSRM with the help of finite element methods (FEM). The final step is reserved to predict the dynamic performances of all the biomedical system with and without saturation. Show more

Keywords: Linear switched reluctance motor, syringe pump, modeling, finite-element methods and dynamic performances

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150085

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 127-143, 2016

Authors: Islam, Sikder Sunbeam | Faruque, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal | Islam, Mohammad Tariqul

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The paper reveals a near zero refractive index (NZRI) property based metamaterial unit cell for electromagnetic cloaking operation. The metamaterial unit cell displays resonance in the frequency of 8.29 GHz and exhibits near zero refractive index property there. The metamaterial was then utilized in designing a single layer rectangular cloaking device. The rectangular cloaking device hides a cylindrical metal object in the C-band region where almost zero scattering cross section is achieved for the object. The metamaterial also exhibits NZRI property there. The commercially available CST Microwave Studio simulation software, was utilized to obtain all the reflection and transmission parameters …of the unit cell and the cloak. The experimental results were presented as well for both of the metamaterial and the cloak. It was also revealed that the cloak was object size independent in the certain region of C-band. This is a promising design in the electromagnetic paradigm for the rectangular and C-band cloaking operation. Show more

Keywords: Cloak, metamaterial, NZRI

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150086

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 145-153, 2016

Authors: Jamel, Ben Romdhan Hajri | Hrizi, Hafedh | Sboui, Noureddine

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper introduces a new formulation of the iterative wave method to study the DGS `Defected Ground Structure' technique applied to the SIW `Substrate Integrated Waveguide' technology. This makes possible the analysis of arbitrary forms of the ground and circuit planes and the {non-conventional} metallic via holes configuration. The study is based on the recursive relationship of longitudinal reflected and incident waves in both spatial and spectral domains. The unconditional stability and the convergence of the method were well verified. In fact, we will validate the proposed approach by the analysis of a SIW filter with folded DGS. The numerical …results are in good agreement with those obtained by the HFSS software `High-Frequency Structure Simulator'. Moreover, the presented method shows a considerable reduction in the required computational resources, which proves the high effectiveness of our method. Show more

Keywords: SIW circuits, defected ground structure technique, iterative wave method

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150088

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 155-166, 2016

Authors: Hajima, Kohei | Yamashita, Maki | Honda, Takashi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article provides a novel magnetic actuator suitable for brush cytology using capsule endoscopy. Its space-saving mechanism consisting of a brush-tipped elastic wire coupled with a rotatable permanent magnet can be easily assembled in a swallowable capsule. When external magnetic fields are applied, the brush projects outwards with rotation of the magnet, and then collects cells from gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature of the proposed actuator is that it can perform four different actuations including projection/pullback/scrape modes for the brush and a rotation mode for the capsule body. Each actuation mode can be selected by the direction of the external …magnetic fields. This study has verified that each mode can exhibit the desired performance and determined its driving conditions. Furthermore, an additional small magnet attached to the brush tip has been found to enhance the performance of the scrape mode. The results obtained in this study suggested that the proposed actuator should be a hopeful candidate for cytological diagnosis with capsule endoscopy. Show more

Keywords: Brush cytology, capsule endoscope, external magnetic field, magnetic torque, permanent magnet

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150101

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 167-176, 2016

Authors: Gao, Hui | Song, Wei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The vibration matrix equation of a maglev flywheel because of existing unbalance force is established in this paper to study the unbalance vibration problem. The generalized dynamic stiffness is introduced to obtain the analytical solutions for the vibration equation. The unbalance vibration kinds and corresponding compensation strategies are analyzed according to the analytical solutions, including free vibration and unbalance vibration. To verify the correctness of the analysis result, a simulation model is created of the maglev flywheel system, and the experiment results are given when the flywheel at different rotational frequencies. The simulation and experiment results show that the analytical …solutions and corresponding vibration compensation analyses are effective. Show more

Keywords: Maglev flywheel, mechanical model, unbalance vibration, generalized dynamic stiffness, unbalance compensation

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150106

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 177-187, 2016

Authors: Sun, Liangwei | Pi, Xitian | Liu, Hongying | Li, Jingcan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As the core component of a precision power operation system for Neurosurgery, medical micro-motors need to have characteristics of high reliability, high speed, high precision, low temperature rise and capability of repeated autoclave sterilization. Therefore, high requirements of design and manufacture are put forward. In view of the above, a super-high speed micro motor with a micro flow channel auxiliary cooling system was proposed in this paper. We used Ansoft to analyze the magnetic field distribution of the motor and operating performances at rated speed, and calculate the motor loss and motor temperature distribution. The results showed that the motor …speed could reach 89000 Rpm in stable operation and the output power was 60 W. The temperature rise of the rotor and stator core was very low, when the temperature of the liquid coolant in cooling system was 20°C, which could efficiently prolong load working hours. This research provided a new idea for the design of a super-high speed micro-motor utilized in neurosurgical power operation system. Show more

Keywords: Super-high speed medical motor, structure design, cooling system, electromagnetic field analysis, temperature field

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150109

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 189-200, 2016

Authors: Ma, Bo | Yang, Xiao-Ming | Li, Tian-Qian | Chen, Hong-Yuan | He, Hang | Chen, Yuan-Wen | Lin, Ao | Chen, Jiao | Wang, Bang-Ji

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper presents a novel multiple splits octagon-shaped metamaterial which exhibits double left-handed frequency bands roughly from 9.25 GHz to 9.68 GHz and from 15.28 GHz to 15.36 GHz derived from the transmission characteristics by homogenization retrieval method. Two conventional microstrip patch antennas whose resonance frequency bands are located at the first left-handed frequency band and the second one respectively are designed to further investigate the influence by loading the proposed metamaterial as its superstrate. HFSS simulation numerical results indicate that the far field radiation directivity half-power bandwidth(HPBW) of the E-plane and H-plane have reduced by 64%, 63.7% and 59.4%, …59%, and the maximal gain increases from 8.251 dB to 11.024 dB and from 8.5432 dB to 11.9653 dB respectively after loading with the multiple splits octagonal metamaterial superstrate. Show more

Keywords: Octagon metamaterial, gain, directivity, microstrip antenna, double frequency bands

DOI: 10.3233/JAE-150110

Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 201-213, 2016