Searching for just a few words should be enough to get started. If you need to make more complex queries, use the tips below to guide you.
Purchase individual online access for 1 year to this journal.
Price: EUR 250.00Authors: Evans, Kimeran W. | Myers, Douglas | Rockefeller, Kathleen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patient mobility tasks place rehabilitation professionals (Physical and Occupational Therapists) working in hospitals at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). However, when investigating engagement with a Safe Patient Handling and Mobility program (SPHM), administrative records at a level one trauma hospital showed that rehabilitation professionals reported zero work-related injuries over an eight-year period. OBJECTIVE: As part of a qualitative study conducted to discover their unique work experiences, we explored some of the reasons that rehabilitation professionals might not report work-related injuries to their employers. METHODS: Using a collective case study design, …six focus groups were conducted with 25 members of the rehabilitation team within a level-one trauma hospital. Focus groups were recorded; transcripts were analyzed for emergent themes using first and second cycle coding procedures. RESULTS: Participants in this study denied experiencing work-related injuries but frequently described working in pain, often attributed to patient mobility tasks. These experiences were not reported to employers. Self-management of their pain through co-worker treatment, over-the-counter medications, or informal alteration in job tasks were reported as common. CONCLUSION: Administrative injury records may underrepresent injuries among rehabilitation professionals. This may be due to their perception of work-related pain as something different than work-related injuries, or that many of these rehabilitation professionals treat their own work-related pain and symptoms rather than report them. To get a more accurate assessment of injury frequency among rehabilitation professionals, researchers should gather information directly from the participants, and should inquire about work-related pain in addition to injury. Show more
Keywords: Injuries, pain, rehabilitation, physical therapists, occupational therapists, hospitals, occupational groups
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230453
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Quach, Ha-Linh | Do, Chi Lan Thi | Dang, Giap Xuan | Nguyen, Thang Manh | Le, Thang Cao | Nguyen, Ha Thu
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2022, many universities transitioned from virtual learning back to in-person teaching. Significant changes in working conditions, along with COVID-19-related anxiety during the pandemic, might impact the well-being of lecturers. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the perceived stress, self-rated physical and occupational health of Vietnamese lecturers in 2022 compared to the pre-pandemic levels, and to identify their associating factors. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in May–June 2022 through an online survey questionnaire. A sample of 425 university lecturers were included. Participants’ stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale. Participants were …asked to compare their current physical and occupational health with before the pandemic. Explanatory variables included (1) COVID-19 exposure; and (2) perceptions of changes in working environment due to the pandemic. Multivariable ordinal least squared regression analyses were used to estimate the coefficient and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between COVID-19 exposure variables, work conditions, and each outcome. RESULTS: Our findings indicated that over 60% of participants experienced moderate stress, while nearly half reported worsened physical and occupational health during the pandemic. Gender, age, perceptions of workload, workplace safety, COVID-19 infection, and incentive programs were significant factors associated with higher stress levels and worse self-rated health. CONCLUSION: To ensure occupational safety and support lecturers as they return to in-person classes, it is crucial to provide appropriate psychological and health support services. Show more
Keywords: Perceived stress, occupational health, physical health, self-rated health, university lecturers, COVID-19
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230265
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2023
Authors: Garrett, Levi R. | Harveson, Andrew T. | Ayars, Candace
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Firefighter health is of utmost importance both to first responders and the individuals they serve daily. The impact of shift schedule on firefighter health remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in health and performance outcomes in firefighters across two different shift schedules. METHODS: Firefighter (N = 1995) body composition, muscular strength, endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were assessed and described. A Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to compare differences between shift schedules (48/96 and 4’s and 6’s). RESULTS: There was a statistically …significant difference in BMI (U = 70115, z =–1.988, p = .047), BF% (U = 67341, z =–2.779, p = .005), and trunk flexion score (U = 81362, z = 1.979, p = .048) favoring the 48/96 shift schedule. CONCLUSION: Firefighters following a 48/96 shift schedule exhibited improved body composition and fitness performance in comparison to peers who followed a 4’s and 6’s shift schedule. Findings may guide regional firefighter scheduling to optimize health and performance. Show more
Keywords: Keywords: Firefighter, health, physical fitness, cardiorespiratory disease, shift work
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230388
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Osmanovic, Sabina | Pajic, Sofija | Petrovic, Ivana B. | Portoghese, Igor
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The academic environment is known for its high demands in research, teaching, and administration, that along with increasing publish or perish culture can lead to reduced psychological well-being and mental health issues. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the associations between workaholism, work engagement, and burnout among academics in Montenegro. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to develop anonymous online survey. Data was collected from 131 participants employed as teaching and research staff at public and private universities. To measure the variables of interest we used: ultra-short Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-3), …the work-related burnout subscale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-7) and the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS-10). Psychometric network analysis was employed to examine the relationships among variables. RESULTS: The findings revealed two distinct clusters: the first containing the dimensions of work engagement and the second containing burnout and the dimensions of workaholism. The two clusters were connected with the dimensions of dedication - burnout having the strongest edge (–0.25 and –0.40). In the cross-sample network the strongest connection was burnout –working excessively (.35). No significant differences in network density (0.80 (12/15 edges)) and global strength (p = 0.159) in the networks of public and private universities were found. CONCLUSION: Results of the network centrality and the edge strength analyses suggest that the interventions focused at increasing dedication while not fostering a work environment that encourages working excessively might be the key to preventing and reducing burnout in academia across contexts of public and private universities. Show more
Keywords: Workaholism, work engagement, burnout, academia, psychometric network analysis, Montenegro
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230347
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Soltanzadeh, Ahmad | Mahdinia, Mohsen | Nikbakht, Neda | Hosseinzadeh, Kiana | Sadeghi-Yarandi, Mohsen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The hazardous material release has frequently occurred worldwide. As a respiratory stimulant and a toxic substance, ammonia has numerous adverse effects on human health. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the human vulnerability and toxic effects of both chronic and acute respiratory exposure to ammonia. METHODS: This study was conducted in an ice factory. Ammonia reservoirs were selected as the danger center. The scenarios were evaluated from the perspective of the worst-case. The Emergency Response Planning Guidelines 1–3 was used to predict the dangerous concentrations in acute exposure. The probability of human …vulnerability was estimated using the Probit model. PHAST 7.2 software was used to model consequences. As a measure of chronic exposure to ammonia, NMAM 6016 was used. A respiratory symptom questionnaire developed by the American Thoracic Society was used for collecting respiratory symptom histories. RESULTS: The ERPG3 level or concentration of 750 ppm was found at a distance of 617.71 and 411.01 meters from tanks, respectively, as a result of a rupture in reservoir 1 over a period of two halves of the year. It was found that the highest probit values for tank 2 at distances of zero, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 meters were 9.55, 5.92, 5.47, 4.82, 4.23, 3.56 and 2.96, respectively. The prevalence of pulmonary symptoms, which include coughing, dyspnea, phlegm, and wheezing, was 28%, 19%, 15%, and 26% in the chronic exposure group. CONCLUSION: In the event that an ammonia reservoir ruptures catastrophically, it may cause human injury at ERPG-2 or ERPG-3 levels. Results revealed that exposure to this substance can impose many pulmonary symptoms on the respiratory system of workers in industries. In order to reduce the vulnerability of humans to potential release scenarios, control measures must be implemented. Also, preventive and mitigation measures can be designed to enhance safety and resilience against the release of hazardous materials. Show more
Keywords: Human vulnerability, consequence modeling, toxicity, respiratory symptoms, ammonia, ice factory
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230106
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Mirzaei, Emadeddin | Kouhnavard, Bahram | Daneshmandi, Hadi | Seif, Mozhgansadat | Zamanian, Zahra
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most important problems faced by ergonomists today. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of weather conditions, working conditions and mental workload on musculoskeletal disorders of rescuers and water and sewage company accidents in hot and cold seasons. METHODS: The present study was a longitudinal study that was performed on all employees of rescue and disaster teams of Shiraz Water and Sewerage Company in Iran (184 people) by census. Demographic and Nordic questionnaires, NASA Load Index (NASA-TLX), work environment assessment with temperature screening checklist …and workplace ergonomic risk factor (WERA) assessment method were performed by the researcher. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software and parametric and non-parametric statistical tests. RESULTS: The results showed that the highest and lowest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders related to knee and back in winter and thigh in summer with prevalence of 57.1, 55.4 and 6% . The comparison of exposure to heat stress factors in summer and winter seasons showed that the temperature factors and work clothes of the workers in both seasons are in worse conditions than other factors (P < 0968). The results of the mental workload of people in two seasons showed that the highest and lowest mental workload is related to physical changes in the winter season and frustration in the summer season, and this relationship was significant (P < 0.001). Using multiple logistic regression model, the potential risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries including age, height, BMI, level of education and work experience in both hot and cold seasons were compared. The results showed that in summer, work experience (OR = 1.16 (1.06–1.28.)) and height (OR = 1.03(0.98–1.08) had a direct effect on the prevalence of pain and discomfort arranged in the back areas. One year of increase in work experience significantly increases the chance of a disorder in the back by 16% and a one centimeter increase in height increases the chance of a disorder in the lumbar region by 3%, although this relationship is significant. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that suitable solutions such as using appropriate and up-to-date mechanical tools, reducing activity time, increasing rest time, increasing the number of personnel in order to reduce mental workload, using work clothes suitable for the season and type of work, and ergonomics training for workers are on the agenda of company officials. Water and sewage should be placed. Show more
Keywords: Musculoskeletal disease, risk assessment, posture, workplace, workload
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220372
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Zeverdegani, Sara Karimi | Mohebian, Zohreh
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nail salon technicians are susceptible to potential exposure to a diverse array of hazardous chemicals in the form of dust or vapors. One of the main routes of exposure is dermal contact. OBJECTIVE: The aim of present study was to health risk assessment of dermal exposure to heavy dust containing heavy metals in nail salon technicians. METHODS: Dust sampling was done on the work surface of 20 available nail salon technicians. The concentration of five metals including cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel, and manganese were determined using ICP-MS. Afterwards, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) …guideline was used to estimate the potential health risks, including carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, associated with the analyzed metals. RESULTS: Results indicated the mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Mn were 0.7953±0.4373, 0.0952±0.0264, 0.7666±0.8629, 0.4900±0.5994 and 1.134±0.4736, respectively. The hazard quotient (HQ) of all metals was within the permissible value, while hazard index (HI) was greater than 1. The probability of cancer risk (CR) resulting from dermal exposure to Ni, Cd and Cr exceeded the acceptable risk levels (10 - 6 –10–4 ), but CR calculated for Pb was less than allowable value. CONCLUSION: Implementation of engineering controls such as downdraft vented nail tables and portable source capture systems is necessary. Besides, the use of personal protective equipment such as disposable nitrile gloves, N95 respirator masks, and ensuring proper training on safe work practices is recommended. Show more
Keywords: Health risk assessment, dermal exposure, nail technicians, heavy metals, average daily dose, hazard quotient
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230336
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Milanović, Ivana | Stanojević, Nina | Fatić, Saška | Marisavljević, Maša | Punišić, Silvana | Janjić, Vladimir | Subotić, Miško | Maksimović, Slavica
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the Republic of Serbia, to our knowledge, there has been no research dedicated to the professional stress faced by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Since speech therapy belongs to the helping professions, SLPs might experience professional stress. OBJECTIVE: To examine the levels of professional stress in SLPs concerning sociodemographic characteristics and terms of the workplace. METHODS: The research was conducted online, using a questionnaire designed to determine professional stress in speech-language pathologists - Speech-Language Pathologist Stress Inventory. The voluntary sample consisted of 185 employed SLPs from the Republic of Serbia. The stress level was observed concerning …marital status, years of working experience, age, educational degree, caseload size, job sector, job setting, type of patients’ diagnosis, and type of service which SLPs provide. RESULTS: The results showed that SLPs experience mild to moderate levels of professional stress and that there is a statistically significant difference in the stress level concerning years of working experience, age, job sector, and job setting. Applying Generalized Linear Mixed Model revealed that two-way interaction (Years of working experience * Marital status) and three-way interaction (Age * Job Setting * Type of patients’ diagnosis) dominated on the model. CONCLUSION: Since it is noted that SLPs are experiencing mild to moderate levels of professional stress, it is important to emphasize the need for adaptation of existing work terms as well as to provide additional support to speech therapists in order to improve their mental health. Show more
Keywords: Job stress, professional burnout, developmental disorders, job satisfaction, workplace conditions, speech therapy, workload
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230036
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-21, 2024
Authors: Pokhrel, Sobhit | Hwang, Jaejin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a lack of information about the optimal setup of multiple screen configurations in virtual reality (VR) office work. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different screen configurations on neck flexion, rotation, neck muscle activity, and simulator sickness symptoms during Virtual Reality (VR) office work. METHODS: Twelve participants (7 males; 21 to 27 years old) performed copy-paste and drag-drop tasks in three different screen configurations (single screen, primary-secondary screen, and double screen) in a randomized order. Optical motion capture system, electromyography (EMG) device, and simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) …were used to measure the users’ responses. RESULTS: Neck rotation angles, muscle activities, and VR sickness were significantly affected by the screen configurations (p < 0.021). The primary-secondary screen showed the highest right rotation angle (median: -33.47°) and left sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle activities (median: 12.57% MVC). Both single (median: 22.42) and primary-secondary (median: 22.40) screen showed the highest value of SSQ. CONCLUSIONS: The screen configurations in VR could be an important design factor affecting the users’ physical demands of the neck and VR sickness symptoms. Asymmetric neck rotations caused by the primary-secondary screen conditions should be avoided. Show more
Keywords: Virtual reality, screen configuration, neck motion, neck muscle activity, office work, simulator sickness
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230230
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Rikos, Nikos | Mema, Erion | Triantafyllou, Christos | Kleftonikolou, Hellen | Mazaraki, Emmanouella | Gounelas, Giorgos | Kourlaba, Georgia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of healthcare professionals has emerged as an issue of great concern. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the levels of professional quality of life, psychological well-being, and work engagement among healthcare professionals in two Greek hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2021 in two public hospitals in Greece. To assess the levels of professional quality of life, psychological well-being, and work engagement, respondents completed the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL-V), the Psychological Well-being (PWB) scale, and the Utrecht …Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17). RESULTS: A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed, and 102 were returned (response rate: 68%). It was found that as burnout levels increased, the levels of work engagement decreased (rho = –0.36, p -value < 0.01). Higher levels of compassion satisfaction were associated with higher work engagement (rho = 0.48, p -value < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that healthcare personnel’s contact with patients or service users exposed to or who have experienced traumatic events was associated with less positive relationships with others (and, consequently, lower levels of psychological well-being) (p -value = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals in the two public hospitals in Greece, experienced moderate levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their psychological well-being was also found to be moderate, and their levels of work engagement were moderate to high. Supporting the physical and psychological well-being of healthcare professionals is essential for their ability to provide high-quality care in times of crisis, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19, healthcare professionals, Greece, professional quality of life, psychological well-being, work engagement
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230386
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Al-Hourani, Zeid A. | Almhdawi, Khader A. | AlBakri, Isra A. | Alibrahim, Anas N. | Obeidat, Donia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dental team members are susceptible to high mental and physical stress levels, which could have increased during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate Jordanian dental workers’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and determine its predictors during the COVID-19 Pandemic. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey study conducted on dental team members, namely; Dentists, dental Assistants, and Dental Technicians. The survey questionnaire was composed of questions related to stress during COVID-19, a short-form survey of 12 items (SF-12), a Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale (DASS-21), and a Nordic …musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire (NMQ). Descriptive analyses were used to describe the main outcome measures, and multiple variable regression analysis was conducted to identify the quality of life predictors. RESULTS: Participants’ HRQoL measured by SF-12 showed a mean±SD score of 67.1±17.19 for the physical component and 54.51±20.27 for the mental component. The Nordic scale showed symptoms of lower back pain as 63.9% over 12 months, 32% over 12 months’ functional limitation symptoms, and 45% in 7 days The regression model was found strong for our study with 53.8% variations (r2 = 0.538, F = 43.739, P < 0.001) in health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Our study concluded that the level of HRQoL among Jordanian dental specialists during COVID-19 was observed to impact levels of physical and mental well-being which negatively influence the quality of life. Predictive factors like depression, stress, anxiety, musculoskeletal health, and individual everyday quality of life significantly affect the HRQoL of dental specialists. Show more
Keywords: Epidemiology, Cross-sectional studies, humans, workers, quality of life, Health
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220458
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Soeker, Mogammad Shaheed | Allie, Mishkah | Arend, Raeesa | Bell, Chelsea | Benjamin, Aqeeda | Cassiem, Tasneem
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The South African Labour Relations Act, specifically the Code of Good Practice (CGP) advocates against the discrimination and unfair dismissal of individuals with mental health conditions in the workplace. However, little is known about the implementation of these national policies within the workplace, especially from the perspective of the employer rather than the employee. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of how human resource practitioners accommodate and support individuals with mental health conditions in the workplace. METHOD: Eleven participants (Human Resource Professionals) participated in the study. The researchers …utilized semi-structured interviews where the data was analysed by means of thematic analysis to formulate themes. RESULTS: Three themes emerged depicting the participants’ experiences and perceptions of barriers and facilitators which influenced their return to work: The themes that emerged through thematic analysis consisted of 1) Challenges perceived by Human Resource personnel that influences work participation; 2) The influence that workplace accommodations and support structures have on the work participation; 3) The prevalence of policies and laws that are available in theworkplace. CONCLUSION: The study highlighted that Human Resource Professionals struggle to interpret and implement labor related polices that aid in employing individuals with mental health conditions in the workplace. It is important to implement strategies that will assist Human Resource practitioners in understanding how to implement such policies to successfully accommodate individuals with mental health conditions in the workplace. Show more
Keywords: Mental health illness, reasonable accommodation, work setting, enabler, barrier, accommodated and support
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220688
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Umair, Sonia | Waqas, Umair | Mrugalska, Beata
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The success of organizations’ sustainable performance mainly depends on their human resource capital and for this organizations now need to focus on green human capital development programs including green talent management (GTM). GTM entails attracting, nurturing, and retaining those people who can promote the green initiatives of the organization. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to investigate the impact of GTM, transformational leadership, and employee engagement on the sustainable environmental performance of organizations. METHODS: The data were collected from both academic and administrative employees in five Omani higher education institutions (HEIs). In total 367 questionnaires were collected …using drop-off and pickup methods. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that green hard and green soft talent management (TM) and employee engagement with green initiatives are significant predictors of the sustainable environmental performance of HEIs. Moreover, transformational leadership can moderate the influence of green soft TM on employee engagement with green initiatives by strengthening the relationship. CONCLUSIONS: For sustainable performance and development, organizations especially HEIs need to actively assume their social responsibilities and implement sustainable environmental management. The present study provides meaningful implications for practitioners, educational policymakers, and leaders to promote GTM and employee engagement for sustainable environmental performance. Supporting green skill development, engaging employees with green initiatives, and promoting staff with green skills can help organizations particularly HEIs to increase their sustainable environmental performance and gain a competitive advantage. Show more
Keywords: Human resource management, green talent management, leadership, employee engagement, sustainability, sustainable environmental performance
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230357
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Xu, Yanzhen | Liu, Ya | Huang, Maoyong | Fang, Hongmei
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although research has increased the current understanding of creative teaching, evidence on the factors that influence this behavior and the underlying mechanisms remains limited. OBJECTIVE: This study, grounded in conservation of resources theory, proposed and empirically examined the relation between contingent reward leadership (CRL) among Chinese kindergarten principals and teachers’ creative teaching performance (CTP). In addition, the study assessed the mediating effect of organizational innovation support (OIS), bureaucratic organizational culture (BOC), and innovative organizational culture (IOC), as well as the moderating effect of ideological psychological contracts (IPCs), to provide robust insights into how CRL can motivate kindergarten …teachers’ CTP. METHODS: A total of 518 kindergarten teachers aged 20–55 years participated in the study. Structural equation model analysis was conducted to examine the multiple mediating effects of OIS, BOC, and IOC, as well as the moderating effect of IPC in the relation between CRL and CTP. RESULTS: OIS served as a mediator in the relation between CRL and CTP. OIS and BOC played a chain mediating role in the relation between CRL and CTP. OIS and BOC played a chain mediating role in the relation between CRL and CTP. Additionally, IPC positively moderated the indirect relation of CRL on CTP via OIS. CONCLUSIONS: Kindergarten principals should pay attention to the positive impact of leadership style and organizational culture on teachers’ innovative behavior. Moreover, prioritizing the improvement of IPCs would benefit the development of innovative behavior. Show more
Keywords: Contingent reward leadership, creative teaching performance, organizational innovation support, organizational culture, ideological psychological contract, kindergarten principal, kindergarten teacher
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230229
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2023
Authors: Miaary, Zuha | Kalichman, Leonid | Ezra, David | Moshe, Shlomo | Alperovitch-Najenson, Deborah
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical and psychosocial demands (e.g., serving, cleaning, fulfilling orders) can lead to work-related musculoskeletal pain (WRMSP). OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of WRMSP in the upper quadrant and lower back among skilled male Arab waiters; to evaluate the disability related to WRMSP; to evaluate the association between work demands and WRMSP with related disability. METHODS: 100 skilled male Arab waiters working full-time, aged 18–60, participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants completed basic demographics and working conditions; the NDI; QuickDASH; the OswestryQ; workload, burnout, and job satisfaction at work; the adjusted NordicQ; and the TaskQ, compiled …especially for this study. RESULTS: A 12-month pain prevalence, pain frequency, and work avoidance were high: neck- 42%, 60.5%, 89.5% ; shoulders –53%, 78.2%, 94.4% ; elbows- 46%, 78.6%, 83.3% ; lower back- 45%, 44%, 78.7%, respectively. Pain prevalence in at least one site was 83% . The OswestryQ, QuickDASH, and NDI revealed mild-moderate pain and disability (14.85/50, 25.54/75, 13.74/50, respectively). Burnout score was positively associated with OswestryQ, QuickDASH, and NDI. Job satisfaction was negatively associated with 12 months of pain in the lower back, hands, arms, shoulders, and hands (NordicQ). TaskQ was positively associated with OswestryQ. CONCLUSION: Male Arab waiters who work in physically and psychologically challenging conditions report high levels of WRMSP with a high frequency and related work avoidance. Many of them must keep their jobs as they are their families’ primary or sole providers. It is possible that they are trying to prevent more severe disabilities in the future by ensuring temporary rest and pain prevention. Show more
Keywords: Musculoskeletal, pain, disability, ergonomics, risk factors, waiters
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220666
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2023
Authors: Lorente Ramos, L. | Rodriguez Lozano, B. | Barroso Morales, M.L. | Rodríguez Perez, D. | Jiménez Sosa, A. | Hernández Cabrera, N.E. | Mora Quintero, M.L. | Rodríguez Gaspar, M. | Bustabad Reyes, M.S. | Cueto Serrano, M.M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Workplace aggressions on hospital workers is a very frequent and under-reported problem. OBJECTIVE: The novel objective of our study was to analyze the number of workplace aggressions per hospital worker. Other objectives of the study were to analyze the management knowledge and interest in receiving training on aggressions by hospital workers. METHODS: An anonymous survey was handed out among all professionals in a university hospital. RESULTS: A total of 1118 anonymous surveys were collected. The responders declared that throughout their working life they had suffered some sort of verbal aggression in the hospital …in 766 cases (68.5%) and physical aggression in 393 cases (35.2%). Multiple logistic regression analyses found higher risk of receiving physical and verbal aggression in the nursing category and in the Emergency, Critical Care or Psychiatry Units, and a higher risk of receiving physical aggression in women. The score on the level of personal knowledge regarding the legal, physical, and psychological management of aggressions (score 0–10 for each of the 3 aspects) was 2.91±2.68 in legal management, 2.97±2.77 in psychological management and 2.91±2.76 in physical management. The opinion about the interest of receiving training (score from 0 to 10) on the legal management of hospital aggressions was 8.90±1.72, on psychological management was 8.85±1.78 and on physical management was 8.88±1.78. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace aggression on hospital workers mainly affects women, the nursing category and the Emergency, Critical Care or Psychiatry Units. Hospital workers showed little knowledge on the topic but a great interest in receiving training. Show more
Keywords: Aggression, violence, health care professionals, workers, hospital, workplace
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220702
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Türken, Askeri | Çapar, Haşim | Çakmak, Cuma | Kurt, Mehmet Emin | Menteş, Nurettin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: It is important to measure the self-efficacy knowledge of the caregiver of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients in order to overcome the problems that arise and carry out the care process in a healthy manner. OBJECTIVE: This research was carried out to develop a self-efficacy scale in caregivers of individuals with DMD. METHODS: The study was conducted with 99 volunteer DMD caregivers to evaluate the psychometric properties of the developed scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed with the SPSS 25 Package Program to determine the factors of the scale. Confirmatory Factor …Analysis (CFA) analysis was performed with AMOS 23 to confirm the factors obtained by EFA. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for the internal consistency of the DMD-CSES. RESULTS: A valid and reliable scale was obtained to measure the self-efficacy of caregivers of DMD patients. CONCLUSION: Although some scales have been developed to evaluate the care burden of family members who care for patient-centered symptoms and functional changes in patients with DMD, there is no single scale that adequately describes the conditions and resources of caregivers on a global scale. The search for a definitive scale is expected to continue until a definitive treatment for the disease is found. Developing a valid and reliable scale to identify the self-efficacy, knowledge, skills and resources of caregivers with a common perspective of physicians and health management team centred on patients with DMD will be effective in practice. Show more
Keywords: Disease management, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, family caregivers, health economics, self efficacy, reliability, validity
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230145
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Chin, Tay Lee | Chee, Tay Lee
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Strengthening safety compliance behaviour can reduce the organizations’ unexpected financial losses and prevent employees from continuous COVID-19. It drives this study to create a research framework involved by organizational, individual and social factors to predict employees’ safety compliance behaviour. OBJECTIVE: This study examines how risk perceptions of COVID-19, employee well-being, workplace health and safety training, safety motivation and safety related stigma impact safety compliance behavior in times COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was disseminated to healthcare workers. In all, 344 acceptable questionnaires were derived for further analysis. RESULTS: The results revealed that …the risk perception of COVID-19 and employee well-being has no significant relationship with safety compliance behavior. Similarly, safety related stigma also has no moderating effect on safety motivation and safety compliance behavior. However, workplace health and safety training and safety motivation have significant relationships with safety compliance behavior. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to the literature by illuminating on the importance of organizational, individual, social factors and how they can interact with safety compliance behaviour. Additionally, knowing the unique function of safety related stigma in building safety compliance behaviour may help guide future efforts and training initiatives to enhance workplace safety. Show more
Keywords: Safety compliance behavior, risk perception of COVID-19, employee well-being, workplace health and safety training, safety motivation, safety related stigma, SDG goal 12
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230522
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Almandoz, Jaime P. | Xie, Luyu | Tejani, Sanaa | Mathew, M. Sunil | Schellinger, Jeffrey N. | Morales-Marroquin, Elisa | Messiah, Sarah E.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of employment and the work-from-home (WFH) setting on body weight among people with obesity is unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between employment status, WFH setting, and change in body weight among adults with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Patients from an obesity medicine clinic completed an online survey in 2022 to assess health, work, and lifestyle behaviors. Multiple regression models examined the association between WFH status and change in body weight. RESULTS: The analytical sample included 380 patients (81.9% female, mean age 52.5 years, mean body mass index …43.25, 50.0% non-Hispanic White, 25.7% non-Hispanic Black, 18.7% Hispanic, 5.7% other ethnicity). During the pandemic, 28.7% were employed in a WFH setting (73.4% of this subgroup were in a WFH setting only), 36.1% were employed but not in a WFH setting, 11.8% were unemployed, and 23.4% were retired. Mean body weight change for participants who partially WFH during the pandemic was +5.4 (±7.2) % compared to those completely WFH –0.3 (±9.8) % (P = 0.006). After adjusting for key demographics, participants who were partially WFH gained 7.8% more weight compared to those completely WFH (β = 7.28, SE = 1.91, p < 0.001). The most significant predictors for weight gain after adjusting for WFH frequency (partially vs. completely) included overeating (aOR 11.07, 95% CI 3.33–36.77), more consumption of fast food (aOR 7.59, 95% 2.41–23.91), and depression (aOR 6.07, 95% CI 1.97–18.68). CONCLUSION: These results show that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the WFH hybrid (combination of office and WFH) setting is associated with greater weight gain compared to those who completely WFH in people with obesity. Risk factors include overeating, higher fast food consumption, and depression. Show more
Keywords: Work, obesity, COVID-19, environment, weight gain, behaviour, weight management
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230055
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Değerli, Medine Nur Özata | Aydoner, Selen | Altuntaş, Onur | Bumin, Gonca
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has caused various effects, changing people’s lives and work styles. During this period, workplaces decided to work remotely, so people spent more time at home. Therefore, workers’ personal and work lives were negatively affected. OBJECTIVE: This study planned to compare traditional and remote office workers’ occupational balance and life satisfaction in Turkey during COVID-19. METHODS: Google Survey was used for data collection. Three hundred office workers (18–65 years old) from Turkey participated in the study. The occupational balance and life satisfaction levels of participants were assessed using the Occupational Balance Questionnaire …(QB-Quest) and Personal Well-being Index-Adult (PWI-A). RESULTS: Data collected were analyzed statistically by the Independent Sample t -test. It was found that the remote office workers had lower levels of occupational balance (p = 0.02; r = –3.317) and life satisfaction (p = 0.01; r = –2.199) compared to the traditional office workers. CONCLUSION: Remote office workers were found to have lower occupational balance and life satisfaction than traditional office workers. In this period, when the way of working changes like COVID-19, it is crucial to determine office workers’ occupational balance and life satisfaction and take precautions for their job performance and satisfaction. Show more
Keywords: Coronavirus, life satisfaction, occupational balance, occupational health, office worker, remote work
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230078
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2023
Authors: Ogedengbe, Tosin Omonye | Sukhai, Mahadeo | Wittich, Walter
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: Background: The high rate of unemployment among individuals with vision impairment remains a pressing issue, even with the implementation of disability laws and coordinated effort to foster inclusive workplace. Employment integration challenges persist for people with vision impairment due to inaccessible job markets and workplaces. Objective: To create new knowledge from previous studies related to employment among people with vision impairment and to understand what has been explored and identify the gaps in employment integration. Method: A comprehensive search of six databases was conducted utilizing both index terms and keywords. The title and abstract of identified …studies were screened, followed by a full-text screening using pre-set criteria. Only available peer-reviewed studies with a focus on employment and vision impairment were included, irrespective of location and publication year. Result: Of 2264 studies screened, only 43 studies were eligible for review and data extraction. Using thematic analysis, 8 key themes emerged: social support, disability rights and service systems, transition strategies and challenges, career, employment integration, employment environment, adaptive potential, and employment sustainability. These studies considered the perspectives of people living with vision impairment, rehabilitation practice, and employers. Identified gaps include transition strategies, workplace participation, the perception of colleagues, and work evolution. Conclusion: The primary focus of studies was on the individual factors that impact workplace integration; work environment impact was not explored in depth. The need to examine the readiness of the work environment is also importance because environmental factors can be modified according to the functional needs of people with vision impairment. Show more
Keywords: Vision disorders, employment, rehabilitation, diversity, equity, inclusion, health services accessibility, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230018
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2023
Authors: Dandumahanti, Bhanu Priya | Subramaniyam, Murali
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smartphone usage has increased rapidly in the last decade due to rapid technological advancements. This extensive usage of smartphones led to physiological problems and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) due to inappropriate postures. OBJECTIVE: Past studies have reported the effects/discomfort of smartphone usage for short periods, ranging from 3–20 min, which does not represent the current era of smartphone dependency (approximately 7-hr/day). METHODS: This study was performed on fifty-four participants aged 20–28 with 1-hr smartphone texting in a sitting posture. Flexion angles, both sides (dominant and non-dominant) muscle activity (maximum voluntary contraction %) at sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper-trapezius (TRP), …extensor digitorum (EDM) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles, and subjective discomfort were analyzed. RESULTS: After 1-hr smartphone texting, the muscle activity at eight upper extremities: SCM (24.80%), TRP (29.45%), EDM (14.44%) and APB (19.87%) significantly (p < 0.001) increased by 1.5–1.9 times with 27.4±3.18° and 82.94±7.03° head and lower-arm flexion angles, respectively. The mechanical loads on the cervical spine increased by 4.6 times, and subjective discomfort by 3 times. CONCLUSION: Maintaining the same posture for a long duration causes postural stress, muscular imbalances, and discomfort, leading to MSD with increased cervical intervertebral disc pressure. Show more
Keywords: Smartphone texting, musculoskeletal disorders, head flexion angle, prolonged usage, cervical load, subjective discomfort analysis
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230262
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023
Authors: Silva Gomes, Virgınia | Cardoso Júnior, Moacyr Machado
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Situational awareness is the acquisition of information from elements present in the work environment, the perception of the meaning of this information, and the prediction of future working conditions. Sleepiness and fatigue can influence an individual’s ability to reach situation awareness, decision-making, and performance on a task. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review examines methods used to assess situational awareness, fatigue, sleepiness, and their interrelationships. METHODS A systematic search of online databases was conducted to identify experimental, peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2017 and 2022. A total of 29 publications were selected for analysis. …RESULTS: The selected studies originated from various countries, primarily in the northern hemisphere. Health and automotive engineering were the academic categories with the highest publications. The studies employed objective and subjective methods to assess situational awareness, fatigue, and sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies reported a decline in situational awareness during fatigue and sleepiness conditions, although one study did not find this association. Future research should focus on employing objective methods to analyze cognitive factors, increasing sample sizes, and conducting testing in real-world situations. Show more
Keywords: Awareness, sleepiness, fatigue, safety, ergonomics, decision making
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230115
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Haraldsson, Patrik | Nylander, Elisabeth | Jonker, Dirk | Ros, Axel | Josefsson, Kristina Areskoug
Article Type: Review Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational Health Service (OHS) is a service that should support employers and employees with their work environment. Previous research indicates the need for deeper knowledge about the effect of workplace interventions with a focus on planning, organizing and designing the workplace to improve work conditions in hospital settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the outcomes, workplace interventions and intervention strategies in hospital settings. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched in September 2021. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate …the quality of the included studies. Study results are presented through a narrative synthesis. A protocol for this study was registered on the Open Science Framework. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies, published between 2010 and 2021, were included. These included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and mixed methods reports with moderate to good quality. The results support the use of workplace interventions to improve work conditions, health, and well-being in hospital settings. Combinations of different interventions, tailored to the specific organization, were used. Important intervention strategies commonly used in the start-up, evaluation, and intervention of successful workplace interventions, were identified. Using a pragmatist complexity approach in workplace interventions can improve outcomes by providing clear intervention strategies and combinations of tailored interventions, related to context specific problems. CONCLUSION: OHS support in workplace interventions with clear intervention strategies will contribute to improve work conditions, health and well-being in hospital settings. Show more
Keywords: Health personnel, occupational health services, occupational health, health promotion, implementation science, working conditions
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230205
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Sondhof, Anke | Muschalla, Beate
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Critical life events affect personal and professional lives, change working conditions, and require specific coping strategies. Wisdom is a multidimensional capacity for coping with life problems. Since wisdom can best be investigated in relation to concrete settings and problems, we investigated research employees during a pandemic. Research employees are constantly occupied with uncertainty and problem-solving in their everyday work. Thus, they develop capacities for factual and problem-solving knowledge which can be applied in different situations. OBJECTIVE: This study examines to what extent which wisdom capacities are applied by research personnel when dealing with changed working …conditions. METHOD: During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021, researchers were asked about work-related coping capacities in an online survey. The qualitative content analysis of the free-text responses of 131 research employees was based on a multidimensional wisdom model with 12 wisdom capacities. RESULTS: 50% of the reported coping strategies referred to factual and problem-solving capacities, 40% to interpersonal or emotional capacities, 10% did not reflect any wisdom capacity. Associations between wise coping capacities, social behavior at work, and eudaimonic well-being emerged. CONCLUSION: The study provides concrete qualitative examples of specific behavioral capacities in which wisdom may be applied in a work setting. Show more
Keywords: Mental health, skills, behavior, job, employee
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230054
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Haque, Syed Emdadul | Datta, Benay Kumar | Eunus, H.E.M. Mahbubul | Akter, Rashida | Islam, Tariqul | Ahmed, Shyfuddin | Shahriar, Mohammad Hasan | Parvez, Faruque | Ahsan, Habibul | Yunus, Mohammed
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Readymade garment workers globally experience distinctive vulnerabilities at the workplace. The situation is worse in many developing countries. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence about the health and safety of garment workers in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the patterns of illness and injury of garment workers, factory level health safety policies and programs, and views and perception of management staff at factories in Bangladesh. METHODS: This mixed-method study was conducted among garment workers and management level staff between January 2018 and April 2019. We extracted 4000 …health records of the workers who attended primary health care centers of the factories and conducted 11 key informant interviews using qualitative method from different management-level staff. RESULTS: Half of the workers (51.0%) were working in the sewing section following 12.8% in quality control and 12.3% in the laundry section. A review of the medical records showed that peptic ulcer diseases (PUDs) (19.2%), fever (11.7%), loose motion (10.3%), and headache (9.4%). Needle injury was uncommon for taking medical care. Occupational safety and health management, safe drinking water, access to maternity leave and other facilities were better in large and medium factories compared with those in small factories. CONCLUSIONS: Although the readymade garments sector is one of the largest sources of foreign currency revenue earnings in Bangladesh, occupational health and safety issues of workers remain a big concern. Thus, support from the government needs more focus on the health and safety of workers. Show more
Keywords: Readymade garment workers, illness and injury, health safety, quantitative and qualitative data, Bangladesh
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220224
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Claassen, Kevin | Wrede, Sammy J.S. | Kettschau, Jan P. | dos Anjos, Dominique Rodil | Broding, Horst C.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, digital working methods were increasingly implemented within the setting of German public administrations. Beyond the ostensible risk of infection, a high psychological burden arose for the employees. OBJECTIVE: A subsequent progression of mental strain is to be estimated as a residual effect (approximated by controlling other influencing factors) due to the impossibility of a counterfactual control group. METHODS: An online survey was conducted in 2020 and repeated in 2021 among a cohort of n = 706 employees of 38 departments of three public administrations in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Mental …strain was assessed by the Wuppertal Screening Instrument. Its temporal variation was operationalized as the intercept of a first-difference multiple regression model. Unit of analysis was the department level. RESULTS: The prevalence of suboptimal and dysfunctional strain increased from 71% to 73% . The multiple regression model showed a significant increase whilst controlling the influence of socio-demographic changes on the department level. Children, age and educational level were significant predictors. R2 indicated that about 40% of the variance in the temporal variation of mental strain could be explained. CONCLUSION: The observed factors explained a significant proportion of the increase in mental strain in German public administrations. Still, far more than half of the increase stemmed from external influences which were largely determined by pandemic conditions and latency effects remain still to be seen. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, psychological stress, mental health, occupational health, occupational medicine, public health, digital technology
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230165
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Dhanusia, S. | Santhana Lakshmi, S. | Kumar, Ajith | Prabhu, R. | Srinivasan, Vignesh | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Kumar, Priyadharshini | Kumaresan, A. | Vishnuram, Surya | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smartphones are a technical marvel that rapidly evolved to play an important role in our lives. One downside to smartphone use is that it significantly worsens posture. It is believed that using a smartphone while walking increases the risk of cognitive decline and the loss of dynamic balance needed to perform functional tasks. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control among South Indian college students. METHODS: The study was carried out in a private college with 400 invited students through online social media platforms. …The four-square step test and SAS-SV were used to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control. The students were informed about the study process. A total of 250 participants were included based on the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: There was a high percentage of agreement on smartphone usage on dynamic postural control measured with SAS-SV, revealing statistical significance with a mean value of 41.532 and SD of 10.010886. The four-square step test with a mean value of 22.5 and SD of 1.8995878 also proved significant impact. A positive correlation was found between smartphone usage and dynamic postural control, which was analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.90130. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was noted between mobile usage and dynamic balance. Smartphones can have a negative impact on dynamic balance by distracting users from their surroundings and increase the risk of falls. Show more
Keywords: Smartphones, postural balance, cellphones, technology addiction
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230161
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Li, Jianna | Guo, Bin | Du, Zhoubo
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: An underground workplace (UGW) is a complex system with multiple subsystems that interact with each other. However, the research on UGW from a systemic perspective has not received due attention. OBJECTIVE: This study constructs an evaluation approach to the orderliness of UGW and systematically evaluates the UGW with Guangzhou and Chengdu metro depots as case studies. METHODS: First, the evaluation index system is established based on occupational ergonomics. Second, the system entropy model is constructed based on information entropy. Third, a dissipative structure judgment model is built based on the Brusselator. Fourth, …the orderliness evaluation model is constructed based on information entropy and synergetics. RESULTS: The UGW of the metro depot has not yet reached the dissipative structure and is in a medium-order state. But the system is in the trend of orderly development. The entropy increase caused by the physical environment and health status is the main obstacle for the system to move toward order. The equipment configuration is an essential source of system negative entropy. The coordination between equipment configuration, health status, and physical environment is low, and that of work effectiveness, equipment aging and failure, and organizational environment is high. CONCLUSIONS: Equipment configuration cannot fully cope with the harsh physical environment and meet the needs of underground workers. Safety security equipment has more room for improvement. Humanized support facilities can introduce more negative entropy to the system. Organizational intervention can reduce the negative impact of adverse factors on the system. Show more
Keywords: Underground workplace, occupational ergonomics, work environment, equipment, staff, system orderliness
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230017
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024
Authors: Samani, Ali Sahraneshin | Ghavamabadi, Leila Ibrahimi | Dehaghi, Behzad Fouladi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Climate change and global warming are emerging as new challenges worldwide. The World Meteorological Organization has reported that the temperature is expected to rise by an average of 1.2°C between 2021–2025. This increase in temperature will expose more and more workers to extreme heat. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the possibility of using thermoelectric coolers for cooling the water circulation circuit of a cooling belt, which can be used for extended periods in high-temperature environments. METHODS: A cooling belt was designed using thermoelectric coolers (TEC) and two blowers. The TECs were equipped with heat …sinks and heat exchange block made of aluminum at hot and cold sides to exchange heat effectively. RESULTS: The experiment was conducted under actual environmental temperature conditions during three different time periods, with mean temperatures of 31, 48, and 41°C. The mean temperature of the belt section was recorded as 20.73, 24.52, and 21.38°C, respectively. The maximum average difference between the inlet air temperature and the inside cooling belt temperature was 40.45°C. CONCLUSION: The experiment revealed that the cooling performance of the designed prototype remained within an acceptable range (18°C) despite the increase in ambient temperature. Moreover, the cooling system can be utilized in high-heat environments to reduce thermal stress. Show more
Keywords: Cooling belt, air temperature, thermoelectric, heat stress, control
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230329
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Alnaser, Adnan Raed | Zitoun, Osama A. | Saquib, Juliann | Rajab, Tawfik Mamoun | Khojah, Abdullah Abdulaziz Abdulwahab | Almazrou, Abdulrahman | Saquib, Nazmus
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Professional drivers in Saudi Arabia may be at increased risk for mental illness because of their expatriate status, long driving hours, and unhealthy lifestyles. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among professional drivers in Saudi Arabia, most of whom are expatriates. METHODS: Professional drivers (n = 324) were interviewed after convenient sampling of transportation companies. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to screen for depressive symptoms. Correlates of depressive symptoms were identified using Cox regression with a fixed follow-up time. RESULTS: Of the drivers, …20.4% had moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Sleep quality was found to be a significant independent correlate of depressive symptoms. Drivers with poor and fair sleep quality had higher risk of depressive symptoms than drivers with excellent sleep quality (poor: OR = 5.8, CI: 1.95–17.11; fair: OR = 4.5, CI: 1.68–11.96). CONCLUSION: The frequency of depressive symptoms among professional drivers in Saudi Arabia is high (one out of five). Companies should consider screening for depressive symptoms and sleep disorders among employees and should provide referrals as needed. Show more
Keywords: Automobile driving, occupational health, mental health, depression, migrant health, epidemiology
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220631
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Blumenthal, Maike | Van der Heijden, Beatrice I.J.M. | Dautzenberg, Rikkie L. | Boot, Cécile R.L.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the changing world of work, there is an urgency to gain insight into determinants of the employability among support staff workers with long tenure whose functions may become outdated as their competencies may no longer match the requirements of future jobs. OBJECTIVE: The specific aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and employability. METHODS: Support staff (n = 236) from a university participated in an online questionnaire focusing on five dimensions of employability (occupational expertise, anticipation and optimization, personal flexibility, corporate sense, and balance) and transformational leadership (identifying and articulating …a vision, providing an appropriate model, fostering the acceptance of group goals, providing individual support, and intellectual stimulation. RESULTS: Identifying and articulating a vision (β= 0.247, p < 0.001), providing an appropriate model (β= 0.196, p = 0.002), fostering the acceptance of group goals (β= 0.298, p < 0.001) and providing individual support (β= 0.258, p < 0.001) were associated with higher balance scores. No significant associations were found between the transformational leadership subscales and the other dimensions of employability. CONCLUSION: The current study found that just one specific dimension of transformational leadership was associated with only one aspect of employability for our target group of long-term employed support staff workers with a high level of job security. Show more
Keywords: Leadership, occupational health, staff development, career mobility, employment, universities
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230371
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Mann, Stephanie | Paarup, Helene M. | Søgaard, Karen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study focuses on the user experience of a novel developed ergonomic chinrest (EC), customised to accommodate the individual violinist’s anthropometry and playing style. The EC was recently tested for biomechanical effect, but the violin player’s motivation, usage behaviour, usability and acceptability may be equally important. OBJECTIVE: To explore the user experience of violinists who used the novel EC with a low shoulder rest for two weeks. Through that experience, we wanted to learn about the potential user barriers and facilitators related to their motivation, usage behaviour, usability, and acceptability, when trying a new product. …METHODS: Thirty-eight professional violinists participated and evaluated motivation, user behaviour, usability and acceptance using a 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. RESULTS: Participants showed high motivation hoping to improve posture, reduce muscle tension and enhance performance. Usage behaviour was also high, while product appearance, adjustment time, and sound impact were negatively evaluated. However, 37% planned to continue to use EC after the study. CONCLUSION: Participants showed high motivation and usage behaviour but faced challenges with product appearance, adjustment time, and sound impact compared to their usual chinrest. Incorporating user feedback and addressing design and usability challenges can enhance the user experience. Show more
Keywords: Ergonomics, music, neck, work performance
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230389
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Mosquera, Rodolfo | Pérez Vergara, Ileana G. | Contreras-Pacheco, Orlando E.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in the construction sector in developing countries have high rates of work absenteeism. The productivity of enterprises is heavily influenced by it. OBJECTIVE: To propose a model based on the Plan, Do, Check, and Act cycle and data mining for the prevention of occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in the construction sector. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was administered on a total of 200 male technical workers in plumbing. It considers biological, biomechanical, chemical, and, physical risk factors. Three data mining algorithms were compared: Logistic Regression, …Naive Bayes, and Decision Trees, classifying the occurrences occupational accident. The model was validated considering 20% of the data collected, maintaining the same proportion between accidents and non-accidents. The model was applied to data collected from the last 17 years of occupational accidents in the plumbing activity in a Colombian construction company. RESULTS: The results showed that, in 90.5% of the cases, the decision tree classifier (J48) correctly identified the possible cases of occupational accidents with the biological, chemical, and, biomechanical, risk factors training variables applied in the model. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are promising in that the model is efficient in predicting the occurrence of an occupational accident in the plumbing activity in the construction sector. For the accidents identified and the associated causes, a plan of measures to mitigate the risk of occupational accidents is proposed. Show more
Keywords: Machine learning, risk assessment, workplace safety, construction industry, accident reduction
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230112
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Koyuncu, Aynur | Elagöz, İslam | Yava, Ayla
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant increase in the use of latex gloves among nurses. However, concerns about the rise in latex allergies and related complaints due to this increase remain uncertain. OBJECTİVE: This study aims to assess the rates of latex glove usage and allergy-related complaints among nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Between May 15 and June 15, 2021, ethical approvals were obtained for a cross-sectional study involving 448 volunteer nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to represent categorical values as counts (n) and …percentages (%), while continuous values were represented as mean±standard deviation. The normal distribution of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Comparative analyses were conducted using paired sample t -test, Pearson’s chi-squared (x2 ) test, McNemar’s chi-squared (x2 ) test, and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Before the pandemic, the average number of invasive procedures was 45.13±26.48, whereas during the pandemic, this rate increased to 50.23±29.14. The average glove usage duration went from 7.69±3.13 hours to 14.73±3.68 hours during the pandemic. Among nurses, the rate of allergic symptoms, which was previously at 31.5%, rose to 33.3% during the pandemic. CONCLUSİON: This study revealed a significant increase in daily invasive procedures and the use of latex gloves among nurses during the pandemic period. Simultaneously, the frequency of allergic symptoms also rose. These findings underscore the importance of awareness and preventive measures, particularly regarding latex allergies, in the healthcare field. Show more
Keywords: Allergy, latex, latex gloves, rubber latex allergies, coronavirus, nursing
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230235
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Khanehshenas, Farin | Mazloumi, Adel | Nahvi, Ali | Nickabadi, Ahmad | Aghamalizadeh, Alireza | Keihani, Ahmadreza
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The transition from alertness to drowsiness can cause considerable changes in the respiratory system, providing an opportunity to detect driver drowsiness. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine which respiratory features indicate driver drowsiness and then use these features to classify the level of drowsiness and alertness. METHODS: Twenty male students (mean age 25.6±2.41 years) participated in the study using a driving simulator, and eight features, including expiration duration (ED), inspiration duration (ID), peak-to-peak amplitude (PA), inspiration-to-expiration time ratio (I/E ratio), driving, timing, respiration rate (RR), and yawning, were extracted …from the respiratory signal generated by abdominal motions using a belt equipped with a force sensor. RESULTS: All eight features were statistically significant at the significance level of 0.05. Drowsiness can be detected using respiratory features with 88% accuracy, 82% precision, 86% recall, and an 90% F1 score. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study may be useful in the development of driver drowsiness monitoring systems based on less intrusive respiratory signal analysis, particularly for specific process automation applications when vehicle control is not in the hands of the driver. Show more
Keywords: Respiratory rate, yawning, classification, sleepiness, diagnosis, traffic crashes
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230281
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Duijs, Saskia Elise | van Wees, Martine | Abma, Tineke | Bourik, Zohra | Plak, Olivia | Jaspers, Yvonne | Jhingoeri, Usha | Senoussi, Naziha | Verdonk, Petra
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The health of care workers in residential long-term care (LTC) is under pressure. Scholars emphasize the importance of gender-sensitive and intersectional approaches to occupational health. OBJECTIVE: To unravel how the health of nurses and nursing aides is shaped by gender, class, age, sexuality and race. METHODS: A qualitative participatory study. A participatory research team, consisting of academic scholars and nursing aides, conducted semi-structures interviews (N = 20) and one natural group discussion (N = 8 participants) to validate our findings. Thematic data-analysis was guided by gender and intersectionality theory. RESULTS: Empirical findings suggest that …gendered norms limit possibilities for self-care for female nurses and nursing aides. Feeling uncared for by society and LTC organizations, paid care workers describe how they take care of each other. These relational health strategies require a feeling of sameness, limiting space for diversity and disability within care teams. Care workers seen as ‘cultural other’, or those who experienced (chronic) health issues, financial struggles or informal caregiving, risked being excluded from relational care within care teams, which negatively impacted their health. CONCLUSIONS: Care workers’ relational health strategies are a gendered and care ethical response to the lack of societal and political care for LTC, but can become mechanisms of exclusion within care teams. This can be understood as a sign of exhaustion, shaped by adverse working conditions and leading to moral stress. The lack of societal appreciation needs to be addressed by occupational health physicians and LTC organizations, to counter mechanisms of exclusion among paid care workers. Show more
Keywords: Low-paid care workers, long-term care, occupational health, gender, intersectionality
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220653
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Erol, Özgül | Küçükkaya, Burcu | Yenici, Ecehan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nurses working in the intensive care units (ICU) regarding the work-index-nursing work environment, the effect level ICU environment has on the nurses’ care behaviors and stress levels of the nurses should be determined. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the nurse manpower on care behaviours and stress level of the nurses working in the ICU. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and correlational study. The sample of the study consisted of 123 nurses working in the ICUs. The data were collected using the survey form, Distress Thermometer (DT), The Practice Work Environment Scale …of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), and Caring Behaviors Scale-24 (CBS-24). RESULTS: The mean age of nurses in the ICU was 30.2±5.6 and the mean of working time in the intensive care unit of nurses in the ICU was 3.7±3.1 years. The mean of the DT was 4.8±3.4, and the mean score of PES-NWI was 2.6±1.0 and the mean score of CBS-24 was 4.7±1.1 in nurses in the ICU. The regression model which was studied to investigate the relationship between caring behaviors and stress and nurse manpower of nurses working in intensive care unit was significant. CONCLUSION: Care behaviors and stress levels of nurses working in intensive care units are negatively affected by insufficient nurse manpower. Show more
Keywords: Intensive care unit, nurse, nurse manpower, caring behaviors, stress
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220710
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Srinivasan, Vignesh | Abathsagayam, Kumaresan | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vishnuram, Surya | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the working population especially among older adults, anxiety problems have grown dramatically. This element has a significant impact on employee absenteeism and problems with physical and mental health. It was widely known that security personnel had several physical and mental difficulties during their various work hours. It is important to investigate the effects of anxiety on them. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to provide insights into the prevalence of anxiety disorders and explore the correlations between anxiety symptoms, sleep, and memory during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: To conduct a cross-sectional study, 42 older adult …participants between the ages of sixty to seventy years were chosen and the procedure was explained.Data were gathered by giving instructions on how to complete the self-reported Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment -7 (GAD-7), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the revised Everyday Memory Questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 36 out of 42 participants (85.71%) experienced moderate to severe anxiety. Anxiety and sleep had a correlation of 0.8, while anxiety and memory had a correlation of 0.87 with a positive EMQ-R relationship. Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between sleep and memory, with a positive correlation of 0.73. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that, there is a substantial prevalence of anxiety accompanied by notable insomnia and memory problems in elderly security officers. Our findings indicate a clear relationship between sleep disturbances, memory issues, and most prevalent anxiety symptoms. These results emphasize the importance of incorporating mental health assessments and addressing an effective treatment for anxiety. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, general anxiety disorder, epworth sleepiness scale, everyday memory questionnaire-revised, elderly, mental health, fear, cognitive impairment
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230144
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023
Authors: Hsu, Chen-Yuan | Syue, Jia-Ci
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical medical staff should be aware of and examine the correlation between breastfeeding and neonatal hospitalization. Additional attention should be paid to work dilemmas experienced by the nursing staff caring for newborns to avoid exposing newborns to hospitalization risk. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the working dilemmas by neonatal nurses caring for breastfed newborns and risk of newborn hospitalization. METHODS: This hospital-based study in Taiwan surveyed 84 neonatal nurses using a structured questionnaire entitled “Working Dilemmas in Clinical Care for Breastfed Newborns.” RESULTS: Collected data were analyzed statistically (descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and …t test) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff noted that breastfed newborns showed a high risk of hospitalization and nursery staff highlighted a lack of manpower and time. NICU staff experienced more working dilemmas (117.460±12.260) than nursery staff (87.410±15.820) when caring for breastfed newborns (t = 1.080, P < 0.001). NICU staff reported a higher risk of hospitalization in breastfed newborns and experienced more working dilemmas caring for these patients compared with nursery staff, who reported a lack of manpower and time. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the working dilemmas by neonatal nurses and can serve as a foundation for further critical studies. Show more
Keywords: Dilemmas, breastfeeding, newborn hospitalization, neonatal nurses, working, care
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230249
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Li, Guang | Alam, Beenish Fatima | Bashir, Raima | Tarhini, Ali | Nayab, Talha | Sousa, Lindsey M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Problem-based learning (PBL), a student-centered approach which has been implemented in many educational institutes worldwide. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the proficiency of students in 5 key areas of PBL process and assess perceptions of students towards PBL learning using a self-explanatory questionnaire. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to September 2022 and evaluated perceptions of 1st year dental students of Batch 2021 (having Face-to-face PBL sessions) and batch 2020 (having online PBL sessions) using a questionnaire. Three similar PBL cases were used, which assessed PBL parameters that …included attendance, group dynamics, knowledge, communication skills and preparation. Statistical analysis was performed for all the categorical and continuous variables. RESULTS: Majority of Distance Learning (DL) group (66.7%) concurred that PBL helped improve their communication skills, decision making power (66.7%), self-directed learning (80%) and promoted interaction with peers (66.7) and teachers (68.9%). The Face –to- Face (FF) group demonstrated better scores (7.7±2.42 & 7.55±2.55) with respect to their attendance and group dynamics (7.44±2.17 & 8.02±2.40) in PBL 1 & 3 as compared to DL group. Overall, better performance in all the 5 key areas of PBL was observed for the FF group versus the DL group. CONCLUSION: The Distance learning (DL) group displayed a positive attitude and perception towards PBL as a learning strategy whereas Face-to-face (FF) group showed greater performance and proficiency in the key PBL parameters scores. Show more
Keywords: Problem-based-learning, conventional teaching, distance learning, coronavirus disease 2019
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220674
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Wu, Kevin A. | Anastasio, Albert T. | Kim, Joshua K. | Choudhury, Ankit | Adams, Samuel B.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused notable shifts in healthcare behavior, influenced by remote work policies. This study examines the impact of Work from Home (WFH) policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries, utilizing Google search trends. Understanding these trends is crucial for healthcare providers, enabling them to adapt services and communication to evolving patient needs during challenging times. OBJECTIVE: To comprehend variations in search volume and trends for ankle-related queries due to WFH policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Ankle-related terms accessible to laypersons were analyzed using Google Trends data from March 2018 to March …2022 in the United States. Data were divided into pre-pandemic (March 2018-March 2020) and post-pandemic (March 2020-March 2022) periods. Weekly search interest data for 20 terms were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. The study aimed to identify significant changes in search interest, providing insights into public information-seeking behavior concerning ankle surgeries. RESULTS: Among the 20 terms analyzed, 11 exhibited significant changes. Ankle arthritis and ankle bursitis showed increased interest, suggesting heightened concern during the pandemic. Conversely, post-pandemic interest decreased for terms 9 terms, including ankle pain and ankle tendonitis, indicating reduced worry. Moderate declines were noted for ankle gout, Achilles tendonitis, and heel bursitis, reflecting shifting patient priorities. Some terms, including ankle fracture and ankle arthroplasty, showed stable information-seeking behavior despite the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the nuanced impact of WFH policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries. Varied search trends highlight changing patient concerns. Healthcare providers can use these insights to tailor services effectively, meeting evolving patient needs and enhancing communication strategies. Show more
Keywords: Orthopaedic, ankle surgery, work from home, pandemic, COVID-19, telemedicine
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230621
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Jorgensen, Michael J. | Hafez, Khaled | Hakansson, Nils A.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Lifting is a manual material handling (MMH) assessment method to identify weight limits that nearly all workers may be exposed to without developing work-related low back disorders (LBD). However, this assessment method only applies to lifting with the torso within 30° asymmetry of the sagittal plane. OBJECTIVE: Estimate TLV weight limits while lifting with torso asymmetry greater than 30° beyond the sagittal plane. METHODS: Lifting tasks were performed from various horizontal and vertical locations, at torso asymmetry angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, …45°, 60°, 75° and 90°, using ACGIH identified TLVs. Validated MMH assessment methods (NIOSH Lifting Equation, Ohio State University LBD Risk Model) were utilized to estimate TLVs at torso asymmetries greater than 30°. RESULTS: The current ACGIH TLVs resulted in low- to moderate-risk risk levels for torso asymmetries from 0° to 30°, and the risk incrementally increased as torso asymmetry increased to 90°. With the intention to keep the risk levels to that found at 30° torso asymmetry, lower TLV weight limits in the vertical and horizontal zones investigated were estimated for torso asymmetries from 45° to 90°. The resulting adjusted TLVs were consistent with weight limits identified for similar lifting conditions from other assessment methods that account for torso asymmetry. CONCLUSIONS: This research found current ACGIH-defined TLVs possess less than high-risk for LBD, and provided guidance to practitioners for reduced TLVs when torso asymmetry is greater than 30° from the sagittal plane. Show more
Keywords: ACGIH TLV for lifting, manual materials handling, assessment method, torso asymmetry, NIOSH lifting equation, LBD risk model
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230405
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Çolakoğlu, Cavit | Öz, C. Selek | Toygar, A.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Work to develop a universal tool for the psychological evaluation and measurement of decent work is relatively new. In addition, the Decent Work Questionnaire, which evaluates decent work using a psychological approach, has not yet been adapted and validated in the Turkish sample group. OBJECTIVE: To adapt and validate the Turkish version of the Decent Work Questionnaire and to evaluate the effect of decent work on the job satisfaction among knowledge workers. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 906 knowledge workers. In the process of adapting and validating the Decent Work Questionnaire, the structural validity, …internal consistency, convergent validity, divergent validity, and compatibility of the sample group data were tested. The effect of decent work on job satisfaction of knowledge workers was examined using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The Decent Work Questionnaire was validated in the Turkish sample. The results showed that the reliability coefficients and dimensions of the Decent Work Questionnaire were highly satisfactory and consistent with the scale developers’ study. According to another result of the study, decent work was found to have a significant and positive effect on Turkish knowledge workers’ job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: This study will fill gaps in the literature and will also contribute to the evaluation of decent work in all areas of the labor market, identifying its shortcomings and contributing to the development of effective human resource policies. Show more
Keywords: Occupational health, job satisfaction, workplace stress, workload, psychometrics, surveys and questionnaires
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230279
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Srinivasan, Vignesh | Abathsagayam, Kumaresan | Suganthirababu, Prathap | Alagesan, Jagatheesan | Vishnuram, Surya | Vasanthi, Rajkumar Krishnan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Elderly health care workers carry out a variety of duties at work and have years of clinical expertise. Anxiety and insomnia are among the more commonly encountered problems in senior physicians and other geriatric medical professional populations. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to determine the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbances among geriatric medical professionals. METHOD: 42 Participants were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope approach, …and they took part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The Experimental group A received non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation(taVNS) and Control group A received Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique. RESULTS: With a p value of 0.001, transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve (taVNS) stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks.The post-intervention assessment revealed a highly significant improvement in Group A, with a T value of 251 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that taVNS may be an effective intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep issues in geriatric medical professionals. These results contribute to the exploration of non-invasive strategies to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals working in demanding environments. Show more
Keywords: General anxiety disorder, insomnia, elderly, health care workesrs, post COVID-19 pandemic
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-231362
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Fauser, David | Zimmer, Julia-Marie | Banaschak, Hannes | Golla, André | Sternberg, Annika | Mau, Wilfried | Bethge, Matthias
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain has a high economic burden in Germany due to back pain-related sick leave, disability pensions, and health care utilization. Work-related factors can predict disabling back pain. Job exposure matrices can be used to consider job demands and occupational characteristics in routine data analysis. OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal analysis tested whether rehabilitation utilization due to musculoskeletal disorders is associated with occupation-linked job exposures in employees with back pain. METHODS: Data from a German cohort study were used, including employees aged 45 to 59 years with self-reported back pain in the last three months. Individuals’ …job titles were assessed in the baseline survey in 2017 and matched with parameters of aggregated job exposure indices. Administrative data from the German Pension Insurance were used to extract information on rehabilitation utilization. Proportional hazard models tested the associations. RESULTS: We considered data of 6,569 participants (mean age: 52.3 years; 57.7% women). During follow-up, with a maximum of 21 months, 296 individuals (4.5%) utilized medical rehabilitation due to musculoskeletal disorders. Adjusted analyses showed that high physical (HR = 2.87; 95% CI 1.74; 4.75) and overall (HR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.44; 3.80) job exposures were associated with a higher risk of rehabilitation utilization. CONCLUSION: Individuals with back pain working in occupations with high physical job exposures have a higher risk for rehabilitation utilization. To prevent work disability in individuals with back pain, occupational groups with high physical job exposures should be actively informed about tailored intervention options. Show more
Keywords: Occupations, occupational exposure, occupational stress, working conditions, rehabilitation, registry data
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230410
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Rajak, Binod | Reddy, K. Vidyullatha | Singh, Punam | Kumar, Vimal
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stress is a pivotal aspect of organizational psychology. Although an individual’s attitude and behaviour at work have received greater investigation, scant attention has been given to family-related dynamics and their impact on work. OBJECTIVE: This study contributes to understanding work-family dynamics by investigating the connection between family incivility and job dissatisfaction during the pandemic. Based on the conservation of resources theory, the research explores the potential moderating role of perceived organizational support. METHODS: The investigation uses structural equation modelling (SEM) for data analysis while controlling for age, gender, and experience. Data has been collected with …an adapted scale and time-lag technique in which the first wave encompassed independent variables and demographics. The second wave gathered moderator and dependent variables through a non-probability sampling of IT employees. RESULTS: Findings reveal a significant positive link between family incivility and job dissatisfaction, implying higher family incivility is linked to increased job dissatisfaction. Moreover, the study indicates that organizational support can mitigate the negative impact of family incivility on job dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION: This research underscores the pivotal role of organizational support in enhancing employee job outcomes. Hence, organizations should prioritize employee well-being, recognizing it as an integral aspect of their functioning. Show more
Keywords: Family incivility, job dissatisfaction, perceived organisational support, moderation, and time-lag methods
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220690
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023
Authors: Gunnarsson, A. Birgitta | Jansson, Jan-Åke | Eklund, Mona
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unemployment is high not only among people with mental illness, but also among young adults in general. The combination of having a severe mental illness and being young entails a particularly problematic situation for young people with psychosis. This study aimed to understand how this group envision their future possibilities for entering the labour market or engaging in other productive activities. OBJECTIVE: To explore how young adults with psychosis perceive their possibilities, wishes and support needs for gaining employment or engaging in other productive activities. METHODS: A descriptive design with qualitative individual in-depth interviews was …used. Eighteen young adults with psychosis, aged 18–30 years, were interviewed. Data was analysed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Four categories based on the experiences of the participants as being vital for having work or other productive activities were generated: “Wishing for a role in the community”, “Being my own coach”, “Needing personal support” and “Having a supportive workplace”. Each of them included sub-categories. CONCLUSION: The young adults with psychosis were a long way from having paid work, but they desired to have a worker role in the community. They are a heterogeneous group, which entails that it is important that professionals and employers have a person-centered and holistic approach, listening to the individuals themselves. Show more
Keywords: Activity, employment, interviews, mental health, occupations, qualitative research, work
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230311
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2023
Authors: Mucheru, Doreen | Kroll, Thilo | Paul, Gillian | Fahy, Majella | Dowling-Hetherington, Linda | Moloney, Breda | Dunne, Nikki | Jalal, Reuel | Fealy, Gerard | Lafferty, Attracta
Article Type: Letter
Keywords: Employment, informal or unpaid carers, caregivers, work-life balance, health; mental health
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220665
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023
Authors: Deng, Kai-Qin | Chen, Xin-Yuan | Yuan, Xian-Ming | Ren, Yan-Rui | Luo, Zhong-Mei | Li, Gang-Ying | Deng, Xia-Kang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In a previous study, more attention has been given to the psychological state of doctors than to that of nurses although the workload, working hours, and patient contact time are generally higher for nurses than doctors. The current status of nurses’ perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit during the routine management of the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic and how their perceived stress affects the other two variables are topics that merit research attention. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the status of nurses’ perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit during the routine …management of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic was investigated to explore whether their perceived stress level has any effect on the other two variables. METHODS: The convenience sampling method was adopted, and 669 nurses from the First People’s Hospital of Jingzhou were selected to participate in this study. Questionnaires on perceived stress, work engagement, and perceived professional benefit were used in the survey, and the data were processed using the SPSS 20.0 program for the descriptive statistics, independent sample t -test, analysis of variance. RESULTS: The total score of the nurses’ perceived stress was 18.58±4.37 points. The total scores of their work engagement (43.32±14.01) and perceived professional benefit (140.23±17.75). CONCLUSION: The nurses’ total perceived stress score was at an upper-middle level, and their total work engagement and perceived professional benefit scores were relatively high. Overall, perceived stress has a negative effect on nurses’ work engagement and perceived professional benefit. That is, the higher the pressure perception of nurses, the lower the degree of work engagement and perceived professional benefit. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, perceived stress, work engagement, perceived professional benefit in nurse
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220498
Citation: Work, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
IOS Press, Inc.
6751 Tepper Drive
Clifton, VA 20124
USA
Tel: +1 703 830 6300
Fax: +1 703 830 2300
sales@iospress.com
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
IOS Press
Nieuwe Hemweg 6B
1013 BG Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 20 688 3355
Fax: +31 20 687 0091
info@iospress.nl
For editorial issues, permissions, book requests, submissions and proceedings, contact the Amsterdam office info@iospress.nl
Inspirees International (China Office)
Ciyunsi Beili 207(CapitaLand), Bld 1, 7-901
100025, Beijing
China
Free service line: 400 661 8717
Fax: +86 10 8446 7947
china@iospress.cn
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
如果您在出版方面需要帮助或有任何建, 件至: editorial@iospress.nl