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Price: EUR 150.00Authors: Tigga, Neha Prerna | Garg, Shruti | Goyal, Nishant | Raj, Justin | Das, Basudeb
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Brain variations are responsible for developmental impairments, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). EEG signals efficiently detect neurological conditions by revealing crucial information about brain function abnormalities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to utilize EEG data collected from both autistic and typically developing children to investigate the potential of a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) in predicting ASD based on neurological abnormalities revealed through EEG signals. METHODS: In this study, EEG data were gathered from eight autistic children and eight typically developing children diagnosed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale at the Central Institute …of Psychiatry, Ranchi. EEG recording was done using a HydroCel GSN with 257 channels, and 71 channels with 10-10 international equivalents were utilized. Electrodes were divided into 12 brain regions. A GCNN was introduced for ASD prediction, preceded by autoregressive and spectral feature extraction. RESULTS: The anterior-frontal brain region, crucial for cognitive functions like emotion, memory, and social interaction, proved most predictive of ASD, achieving 87.07% accuracy. This underscores the suitability of the GCNN method for EEG-based ASD detection. CONCLUSION: The detailed dataset collected enhances understanding of the neurological basis of ASD, benefiting healthcare practitioners involved in ASD diagnosis. Show more
Keywords: Autism, graph convolution neural network, electroencephalogram, deep learning, brain region
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240550
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-25, 2024
Authors: Shao, Liang | Gao, Ying | Zhang, Dan | Yang, Mengdan | Jiang, Mimi | Li, Hongfeng | Yan, Yanting
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancer populations. Stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) is mainly suitable for early NSCLC patients who are not suitable for surgery or refuse surgery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) plus immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients on their immune status and survival quality. METHODS: NSCLC patients admitted to our hospital from 2019–2022 were divided into 61 cases in control group (SBRT) and 60 cases in observation group (SBRT plus immunotherapy) by the randomized numerical table method …to compare the efficacy, the level of tumor markers in the serum, the level and activity of the immune cells in the peripheral blood and the Kahlil’s functional status (KPS) scores. RESULTS: The observation group had a higher efficacy rate than that of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in serum tumor marker content, immune cell level and activity in peripheral blood and KPS score before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, serum tumor markers were lower than those in control group, and immune cell level, NK cell-related activity and KPS score were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: SBRT plus immunotherapy can reduce the level of various tumor markers, improve the immune status and quality of survival for NSCLC patients. Show more
Keywords: Stereotactic radiotherapy, immunotherapy, non-small cell lung cancer, immune status, survival quality
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241177
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Liu, Bo | Wang, Kebing | Ye, Si
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurately identifying the branches of pulmonary segmental vessels and bronchi, as well as adjacent structures, and determining the spatial location of lesions within pulmonary segments, are major challenges for thoracic surgeons. The application of three-dimensional reconstruction technology holds promise in addressing this issue. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical value of three-dimensional reconstruction in thoracoscopic segmental surgery. METHODS: Seventy-seven patients who underwent thoracoscopic segmental surgery combined with three-dimensional reconstruction at our hospital from January 1, 2020, to August 31, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative chest enhanced CT scans were conducted, and MIMICS software …aided in reconstructing DICOM format original data for patients with pulmonary nodules to facilitate intraoperative nodule localization. Accurate segmental pneumonectomy was performed by comparing preoperative anatomical identification of target segmental arteries, veins, and bronchi, with surgical details and postoperative outcomes recorded, including intraoperative pulmonary resection distribution, operation time, blood loss, chest tube drainage, extubation time, hospital stay, and complications. RESULTS: Following preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction, successful segmental lung surgeries were performed, predominantly with single segmental resection (92.2%), and a minority with combined segmentectomy (7.8%). Median operation time was 130225 minutes, with intraoperative blood loss at 70100 mL and postoperative chest tube drainage at 347 mL (159690 mL). Median extubation time and hospital stay were 4 days and 7 days, respectively. Complications within the 3-month follow-up affected 11.7% of cases, including persistent pulmonary leakage (7.1%), pulmonary infection (4.3%), atelectasis (4.3%), and pleural effusion (1.4%), with no fatalities. CONCLUSION: Preoperative 3D reconstruction can help the operator to perform safe, efficient and accurate thoracoscopic segmental pneumonectomy, which is worth popularizing in clinic. Show more
Keywords: Segmental resection, pulmonary nodules, lung cancer, thoracoscopic three-dimensional reconstruction
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240786
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Li, Pengxin | Peng, Sheng | Song, Zhenghuan | Tan, Jing | Gu, Lianbing
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diabetes, which is associated with cardiovascular disease and related microvascular complications, affects life expectancy and decrease quality of life. A trial reports that the risk of patients with diabetes having cardiovascular disease is 2–4 times compared with that in patients without diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between depth of general anesthesia in patients with diabetes mellitus METHODS: This clinical study totally includes 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, and these patients are divided into following two groups: diabetes mellitus deep anesthesia group and diabetes mellitus light anesthesia group, and …then these patients receive general anesthesia combined with laparoscopic surgery. Preoperative patient general data and intraoperative patient general data are collected and analyzed. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) level are determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) RESULTS: This study included a total of 40 patients. There were no significant differences in demographic and preoperative patient general data between the two groups. Measurements were taken for operative time, anesthesia time, recovery time after drug withdrawal, dwell time in the recovery room, intraoperative fluid volume, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative urine output between the two groups. Significant differences were observed in the recovery time after drug withdrawal between the two groups. CGRP and SP level in diabetes mellitus deep anesthesia group are evidently more than those in diabetes mellitus light anesthesia group. CONCLUSIONS: CGRP and SP level are involved in the diabetes mellitus and up-regulated CGRP and SP can prevent the development of diabetes mellitus. Our study extends the existing literature by addressing a gap in knowledge regarding the impact of anesthesia depth on neuropeptide levels in diabetes mellitus patients. By delineating this relationship, we aim to contribute to the advancement of perioperative care practices and ultimately improve outcomes for individuals with diabetes undergoing surgical procedures. Our study’s findings provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between anesthesia, neuropeptides, and diabetes mellitus, offering the potential for personalized perioperative care, enhanced pain management, and improved surgical outcomes. These implications highlight the clinical relevance of our research and its potential to inform future advancements in perioperative care for diabetic patients undergoing surgery. Show more
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, general anesthesia, CGRP, SP
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240907
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Han, Zhen | Liu, Yangan | Tan, Ming | Hua, Zhaolai | Dai, Chun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery remains the most effective treatment for colon cancer. However, there are still controversies regarding the tumor treatment effect, prognosis, and perioperative impact of complete mesocolic excision (CME) surgery in colon carcinoma resection. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (LCME) and traditional open D2 radical surgery in colon carcinoma resection through a retrospective analysis using 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). METHODS: 98 cases undergoing LCME or open D2 colon carcinoma resection at our hospital from January 2014 to November 2021 were retrospectively collected. After excluding cases and 1:1 matching using …PSM based on baseline clinical data, 86 patients were assigned in research queue. 43 patients were in each group. Two groups were compared for general clinical baseline indicators. Surgical results and postoperative adverse events of patients were also compared. Disease-free survival (DFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate was analyzed. RESULTS: After 1:1 PSM matching, there was no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the LCME group and D2 group (P > 0.05). LCME was characterized by longer total duration of surgery (P < 0.001), less intraoperative bleeding volume (P < 0.001), more postoperative drainage fluid volume (P < 0.001), greater number of lymph nodes retrieved (P = 0.014). No statistically differences was observed regarding intraoperative blood transfusion, hospital stay, Clavien-Dindo complicating disease classification (all P > 0.05), 1 and 3-year DFS rate (P = 0.84) and OS rate (P ⩾ 0.1). CONCLUSION: LCME had a longer duration of surgery but less intraoperative bleeding volume and more postoperative drainage fluid volume and retrieved lymph nodes compared to D2 radical surgery. LCME surgery is comparable to D2 surgery in terms of postoperative prognosis, but LCME surgery shows a positive trend in the overall survival curve. Show more
Keywords: Laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision, traditional D2 radical surgery, Colonic Neoplasms, propensity score matching
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241149
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Sun, Rui | Hao, Jianfeng | Li, Qian | Xie, Weinan | Hu, Xiaoyan | Chen, Zhenzhen | Liu, Zhi | Yuan, Ling
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: NiaoDuQing Particle is the first Chinese herbal medicine approved by the China Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of chronic kidney disease. It has been used in clinical practice in China for over twenty years. However, there is limited literature reporting on the long-term therapeutic effects of NiaoDuQing Particles on chronic kidney disease patients. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to comprehensively assess the therapeutic effect of NiaoDuQing Particles (NDQP) on chronic kidney disease patients based on clinical data analysis. METHODS: This study was carried out on a total of 148 participants diagnosed …with different types of chronic kidney disease. Demographics information, chronic kidney disease classification and chronic kidney disease diganostic indicators were collected and analyzed before and after NiaoDuQing Particles treatment for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months respectively. RESULTS: In all 148 patients, mean eGFR value was increased after NiaoDuQing Particles treatment for up to 18 months, and was statistically significant at month 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 (P < 0.05). Mean uric acid value was decreased after NiaoDuQing Particles treatment for up to 18 months, and was statistically significant at month 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 (P < 0.05). Mean urea nitrogen value was decreased after NiaoDuQing Particles treatment for up to 18 months and was statistically significant at month 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 (P < 0.05). While mean creatinine value was decreased after NiaoDuQing Particles treatment for up to 18 months and was statistically significant at month 6 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: NiaoDuQing Particles could maintain the stable state of chronic kidney disease patients for up to 18 months especially in improving diagnostic indicators like eGFR, uric acid and urea nitrogen. Show more
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, NiaoDuQing particles, eGFR, uric acid, urea nitrogen
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241029
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Hua, Defeng | Chen, Yan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the association between cerebrovascular diseases and sepsis, including its occurrence, progression, and impact on mortality. However, there is currently a lack of predictive models for 28-day mortality in patients with cerebrovascular disease associated with sepsis. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to examine the mortality rate within 28 days after discharge in this population, while concurrently developing a corresponding predictive model. METHODS: The data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the MIMIC-IV database. Patients with sepsis and cerebrovascular disease in the ICU were included. Laboratory …indicators, vital signs, and demographic data were collected within 24 hours of ICU admission. Mortality rates within 28 days after discharge were calculated based on patient death times. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential variables for a predictive model. A nomogram visualized the prediction model. The performance of the model was evaluated using ROC curves, Calibration plots, and DCA. RESULTS: The study enrolled a total of 2660 patients diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease complicated by sepsis, consisting of 1434 males (53.91%) with a median age of 70.97 (59.60, 80.73). Among this cohort of patients, a total of 751 fatalities occurred within 28 days following discharge. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, creatinine, arterial oxygen partial pressure (Pa O2), arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pa CO2), respiratory rate, white blood cell (WBC) count, Body Mass Index (BMI), and race demonstrated potential predictive variables. The aforementioned model yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.744, accompanied by a sensitivity of 66.2% and specificity of 71.2%. Furthermore, both calibration plots and DCA demonstrated robust performance in practical applications. CONCLUSION: The proposed prediction model allows clinicians to promptly assess the mortality risk in patients with cerebrovascular disease complicated by sepsis within 28 days after discharge, facilitating early intervention strategies. Consequently, clinicians can implement additional advantageous medical interventions for individuals with cerebrovascular disease and sepsis. Show more
Keywords: Predictive model, 28-day mortality, sepsis, cerebrovascular disease
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241150
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Wu, Weichuan | Li, Chengyan | Men, Donghai | Li, Xiaopeng | Huang, Baqi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have shown that early decompressive surgery in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage can effectively limit hematoma expansion, reduce perihematomal edema, and improve prognosis. However, these studies are limited by small sample sizes and short follow-up times. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of early decompressive surgery on the long-term prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and identify the influencing factors for poor prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 78 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted between January 2020 and December 2022 was conducted. Patients were divided into early and delayed surgery groups for comparison of …outcomes such as mortality rate, modified Rankin Scale score, and Short Form-36 scores. Additionally, factors influencing long-term prognosis were analyzed through logistic regression based on significant differences observed between groups. RESULTS: The early decompressive surgery group showed superior outcomes with lower mortality rates, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, hematoma expansion rates, and perihematomal edema volumes compared to the delayed surgery group (P < 0.05). Additionally, age, preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, preoperative hematoma volume, and a history of hypertension or diabetes were identified as independent prognostic factors for patients with cerebral hemorrhage, with odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS: Early decompressive surgery can improve the long-term prognosis and quality of life of patients with cerebral hemorrhage, reduce mortality rates, and decrease hematoma expansion and perihematomal edema. Older patients, those with higher preoperative hematoma volume and GCS score, and those with coexisting hypertension and diabetes should be given special attention to decrease the occurrence of adverse prognosis. Show more
Keywords: Early decompressive surgery, cerebral hemorrhage, long-term prognosis, influencing factors
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240766
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Xibing | Yang, Fuli | Han, Lei | Su, Qiuming | Gao, Yang | Wu, Ruichao | Wang, Duo | Li, Wang | Zheng, Kepu | Liu, Fang | Ran, Jianghua
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis is a progressive liver disease with increasing incidence, yet its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE : This study aims to explore potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and experimental validation. METHODS: We retrieved the microarray data (GSE174099) from the GEO database and performed differential expression analysis and WGCNA to identify co-expression modules associated with liver fibrosis. A module with the highest correlation to liver fibrosis was selected for further analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway …enrichment analyses were conducted to investigate the biological functions and signaling pathways of the identified genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database. The correlation between core genes and immune cells was analyzed with the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, pathological and molecular biology experiments were performed to validate the expression levels of core genes in liver tissue, including HE and Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. RESULTS: We identified a total of 86 intersecting genes from the differential expression analysis and WGCNA. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were involved in processes such as cellular response to cAMP, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, and G protein-coupled receptor binding. KEGG pathway analysis highlighted the involvement of these genes in pathways like Cell Adhesion Molecules and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Using Cytoscape software, we identified four core genes: Cftr, Cldn4, Map2, and Spp1. Pathological examinations showed that the experimental group exhibited significant fibrous tissue proliferation compared to the control group. Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting analyses confirmed that these core genes were significantly upregulated in the experimental group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study identified four key genes (Cftr, Cldn4, Map2, Spp1) that are significantly associated with liver fibrosis. These genes are upregulated in liver fibrosis and could potentially as biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for therapeutic interventions. Show more
Keywords: Liver fibrosis, WGCNA, protein-protein interaction, signal transduction, gene expression
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241142
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Chen, Yumei | Chen, Yanbin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although literature suggests that exercise can improve symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients, research on the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance training (AE&RT) in early-stage PD remains limited. Understanding the synergistic effects of these exercise modalities can provide valuable insights for optimizing exercise interventions for PD patients, particularly in the early stages of the disease, where interventions may have the greatest impact on long-term functional outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combined AE&RT program on motor function, postural stability, and cognitive processing speed in early stage PD patients. …METHODS: A total of 236 participants with early-stage PD were assigned to either the Aerobic Exercise Group (AE group) (n = 112) or the AE&RT Group (n = 124) inthis controlled randomized trial. The study employed a one-year supervised exercise program, with the AE Group participating in aerobic activities and the AE&RT Group engaging in combined AE&RT. Outcome measures included symptom improvement, motor function, postural stability, cognitive processing speed, peak oxygen consumption, quality of life evaluation, and the incidence of adverse events. RESULTS: The AE&RT Group demonstrated greater improvements in tremor, muscle rigidity, gait instability, sleep problems, and hyposmia compared to the AE Group. Additionally, the combined exercise group exhibited better cognitive processing speed, as well as enhanced motor function and postural stability. Peak oxygen consumption was significantly higher in the AE&RT Group. However, the quality of life evaluation indicated a statistically higher quality of life in the AE Group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the integration of AE&RT in early-stage PD patients leads to more comprehensive improvements in motor symptoms, cognitive function, postural stability, and cardiovascular fitness compared to aerobic exercise alone. These results have important implications for developing tailored exercise interventions to enhance the physical and cognitive well-being of individuals with early-stage PD. Show more
Keywords: Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, postural stability, cognitive processing speed, parkinson’s disease
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240821
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Liu, Mingsheng | Huang, Zhixiong | Wang, Xiaoyun | You, Pingdi | Cai, Xiaying
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-specific lower back pain (NLBP) is treated with a variety of therapies, including health education, exercise therapy, soft tissue release, psychological interventions, and shockwave therapy. However, some studies have shown that core stability training or fascial release therapy alone is not effective in the treatment of low back pain. BJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stability training on patients’ inflammatory cytokine levels and lumbar muscle temperature when combined with fascial release for the treatment of non-specific low back pain. METHODS: In this study, a total …of 60 patients with non-specific low back pain who were treated in Mindong Hospital of Ningde City between December 2021 and January 2023 were selected and randomly and equally divided into a control group (30 cases) and an experimental group (30 cases). The control group received core stability training, while the experimental group added fascial release surgery to this. We compared and assessed the pain visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), lumbar spine mobility (including anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion), as well as levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-a, and muscle tissue temperature in the two groups. RESULTS: This study has been successfully implemented and covered 60 patients throughout the trials. Upon comparison, the two groups did not show statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age, gender and duration of disease (p > 0.05). After four weeks of treatment, the test group showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in VAS scores, ODI scores, and IL-6 and TNF-a levels that were significantly lower than those of the control group. It is worth mentioning that the muscle tissue temperature of the patients in the test group, as well as their performance in lumbar anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion mobility, were significantly better than those of the control group, and these differences also showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of core stability training and fascial release demonstrates significant clinical results in the treatment of nonspecific lower back pain. Through medical thermography and serum inflammatory factor testing, we were able to assess the treatment effect more objectively, providing a strong basis for future clinical practice. Show more
Keywords: Core stability training, fascial release, nonspecific low back pain, inflammatory factors, thermal imaging technology
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240902
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Gu, Lei | Zhen, Yun | Huang, Zhenlin | Chen, Tianbao | Li, Fuxiong | Kaipeng, Chen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: sTREM-1H and miR-126 play crucial roles in inflammation and immune responses, yet their involvement in patients with pulmonary infection following cranial injury remains understudied. OBJECTIVE: The distribution of pathogens causing infection in patients with pulmonary infection after craniocerebral injury was explored, and the changes in the levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and miR-126 in peripheral blood were analyzed. METHODS: In this study, 60 patients (study group) with postoperative lung infection in craniocerebral injury treated from January 2019 to December 2, 2021, and 60 patients without lung infection …were selected as the control group. The study group received anti-infection treatment. The infection pathogen of the study group was tested, and the changes of sTREM-1 and miR-126 levels in the peripheral blood of the study and control groups were recorded to explore the diagnosis and predictive Value of prognostic death. RESULTS: 66 pathogens were detected, including 18 gram-positive bacteria, 42 gram-negative bacteria, and 6 fungi. The sTREM-1 level was higher than the control group, and the miR-126 level was lower than the control group. By ROC curve analysis, the diagnostic AUC values of both patients were 0.907 and 0.848, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared to those in the study group, patients had decreased sTREM-1 levels and increased miR-126 levels after treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with the survival group, patients in the death group had increased sTREM-1 levels and decreased miR-126 levels, and ROC curve analysis, the predicted AUC death values were 0.854 and 0.862, respectively. CONCLUSION: Gram-negative bacteria, with increased peripheral sTREM-1 levels and decreased miR-126 levels. The levels of sTREM-1 and miR-126 have specific diagnostic and prognostic Values for pulmonary infection after craniocerebral injury. However, the study’s conclusions are drawn from a limited sample and short-term data, which might limit their broader applicability. Future studies with larger populations and longitudinal designs are required to confirm these findings and determine these biomarkers’ robustness across different settings. Further research should also explore how these biomarkers influence patient outcomes in craniocerebral injuries. Show more
Keywords: Craniocerebral injury, lung infection, pathogen distribution, soluble Toll-like receptor-stimulated gene 1, miR-126
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240749
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Huang, Yucheng | Ma, Xuan | Wu, Shilei | Chen, Ming | Wang, Junwen | Jiao, Jing
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Current treatments do not support direct exposure of fracture fragments, resulting in the inability to directly observe the articular surface during surgery for accurate reduction and firm fixation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore the treatment effect of digital virtual reduction combined with individualized guide plate of lateral tibial condyle osteotomy on tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse. METHODS: 41 patients with tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse were recruited in the trial. All patients underwent Computed Tomography (CT) scanning before operation. After …operation, fracture reduction was evaluated using Rasmussen score and function of knee joint was assessed using hospital for special surgery (HSS) score. RESULTS: 41 patients were followed-up 6–26 months (mean, 15.2 months). Fracture reduction was good after operation, with an average of 13.3 weeks of fracture healing without serious complications. The excellent and good rate was 97.6%. The joint movement degree was - 5∘ ∼ 0∘ ∼ 135∘ with an average of 125.5∘ . CONCLUSIONS: Digital virtual reduction combined with individualized guide plate of lateral tibial condyle osteotomy was effectively for treating tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse. Show more
Keywords: 3D printing, tibial fracture, osteotomy, fracture fixation
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240704
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Yang, Zhongpeng | Tang, Yucong | Shan, Shuxiang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis , remains a significant global health concern. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (tNGS) has emerged as a rapid and comprehensive diagnostic tool for tuberculosis, offering advantages over traditional methods and serving as an effective alternative for drug susceptibility testing and the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. After explore the application value of targeted next-generation sequencing technology in this patient population, providing valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we …analyzed data from 65 patients with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis admitted to Tianjin Baodi Hospital from November 14, 2020, to February 1, 2023. Patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) testing, including acid-fast staining, culture, and tNGS. Biopsies and histopathological examinations were performed on some patients, along with comprehensive radiological assessments for all. RESULTS: Among the 65 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, targeted next-generation sequencing detected pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with a positivity rate of 93.8%, significantly higher than traditional methods such as acid-fast staining, culture, and pathology. Compared to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid smear, targeted next-generation sequencing demonstrated significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity (98.46% vs. 26.15%) and accuracy (98.46% vs. 26.15%). CONCLUSION: Targeted next-generation sequencing, with its high sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional methods, provides unique advantages in detecting pathogens among these patients, highlighting its importance in disease management. Show more
Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchoalveolar lavage, pathology, targeted next-generation sequencing
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240823
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Chen, Bin | Yi, Yinqiao | Zhang, Chengxiu | Yan, Yulin | Wang, Xia | Shui, Wen | Zhou, Minzhi | Yang, Guang | Ying, Tao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The anal sphincter complex comprises the anal sphincter and the U-shaped deep and superficial puborectalis muscle. As an important supporting structure of the posterior pelvic floor, together with its surrounding tissues and muscles, the anal sphincter complex maintains the normal physiological functions of defecation and continence. OBJECTIVE: The plane required for diagnosing anal sphincter injury and the diagnosis of anal sphincter integrity through pelvic floor ultrasound are highly dependent on sonographers’ experience. We developed a deep learning (DL) tool for the automatic diagnosis of anal sphincter integrity via pelvic floor ultrasound. METHODS: …A 2D detection network was trained to detect the bounding box of the anal sphincter. The pelvic floor ultrasound image and its corresponding oval mask were input into a 2D classification network to determine the integrity of the anal sphincter. The average precision (AP) and intersection over union (IoU) were used to evaluate the performance of anal sphincter detection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the classification model. RESULTS: The Pearson correlation coefficients (r values) of the topmost and bottommost layers detected by the CNN and sonographers were 0.932 and 0.978, respectively. The best DL model yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808 (95% CI: 0.698–0.921) in the test cohort. The results from the CNN agreed well with the diagnostic results of experienced sonographers. CONCLUSIONS: We proposed, for the first time, a CNN to obtain the plane required for diagnosing anal sphincter injury on the basis of pelvic floor ultrasound and for preliminarily diagnosing anal sphincter injury. Show more
Keywords: Anal sphincter, convolutional neural network, deep learning, pelvic floor, artificial intelligence
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240569
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Sheela, K. Selva | Justus, Vivek | Asaad, Renas Rajab | Kumar, R. Lakshmana
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Liver cancer poses a significant health challenge due to its high incidence rates and complexities in detection and treatment. Accurate segmentation of liver tumors using medical imaging plays a crucial role in early diagnosis and treatment planning. OBJECTIVE: This study proposes a novel approach combining U-Net and ResNet architectures with the Adam optimizer and sigmoid activation function. The method leverages ResNet’s deep residual learning to address training issues in deep neural networks. At the same time, U-Net’s structure facilitates capturing local and global contextual information essential for precise tumor characterization. The model aims to enhance …segmentation accuracy by effectively capturing intricate tumor features and contextual details by integrating these architectures. The Adam optimizer expedites model convergence by dynamically adjusting the learning rate based on gradient statistics during training. METHODS: To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, segmentation experiments are conducted on a diverse dataset comprising 130 CT scans of liver cancers. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art fusion strategy is introduced, combining the robust feature learning capabilities of the UNet-ResNet classifier with Snake-based Level Set Segmentation. RESULTS: Experimental results demonstrate impressive performance metrics, including an accuracy of 0.98 and a minimal loss of 0.10, underscoring the efficacy of the proposed methodology in liver cancer segmentation. CONCLUSION: This fusion approach effectively delineates complex and diffuse tumor shapes, significantly reducing errors. Show more
Keywords: Adam optimizer, CT scans, deep learning, U-Net, ResNet
DOI: 10.3233/THC-230931
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Tan, Yan | Yan, Zhenjiao | Chen, Minhong | Wang, Yinglan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Fondaparinux sodium can prevent and treat acute illnesses and venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery. At present, no studies have reported on treating subchorionic hematoma combined with protein S deficiency using fondaparinux sodium. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of fondaparinux sodium in the treatment of patients with subchorionic hematoma combined with protein S deficiency. METHODS: This single-center, open-ended, and prospective study enrolled 78 patients with subchorionic hematoma and protein S deficiency. They were randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups. The control group received conventional treatment, and the observation group received subepithelial …injections of fondaparinux sodium (2.5 mg/day) based on conventional treatment. After 30 days of continuous treatment, the hematoma was evaluated by ultrasonography. RESULTS: After treatment with fondaparinux sodium, a significant improvement in subchorionic hematoma was observed in the observation group compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). A substantial improvement in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time was observed in the observation group after fondaparinux sodium treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after fondaparinux sodium treatment, the duration of hematoma maintenance and incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly reduced in the observation group compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: With a favorable safety profile, fondaparinux sodium is effective in treating subchorionic hematoma combined with protein S deficiency. The results provide new ideas and methods for treating this disease, which is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice. Show more
Keywords: Fondaparinux sodium, subchorionic hematoma, protein S deficiency, therapeutic effect, hypercoagulability, coagulation function
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241035
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Zhao, Jie | Liu, Jianqiang | Wang, Shijie | Zhang, Pinzheng | Yu, Wenxue | Yang, Chunfeng | Zhang, Yudong | Chen, Yang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In radiography procedures, radiographers’ suboptimal positioning and exposure parameter settings may necessitate image retakes, subjecting patients to unnecessary ionizing radiation exposure. Reducing retakes is crucial to minimize patient X-ray exposure and conserve medical resources. OBJECTIVE: We propose a Digital Radiography (DR) Pre-imaging All-round Assistant (PIAA) that leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to enhance traditional DR. METHODS: PIAA consists of an RGB-Depth (RGB-D) multi-camera array, an embedded computing platform, and multiple software components. It features an Adaptive RGB-D Image Acquisition (ARDIA) module that automatically selects the appropriate RGB camera based on the distance …between the cameras and patients. It includes a 2.5D Selective Skeletal Keypoints Estimation (2.5D-SSKE) module that fuses depth information with 2D keypoints to estimate the pose of target body parts. Thirdly, it also uses a Domain expertise (DE) embedded Full-body Exposure Parameter Estimation (DFEPE) module that combines 2.5D-SSKE and DE to accurately estimate parameters for full-body DR views. RESULTS: Optimizes DR workflow, significantly enhancing operational efficiency. The average time required for positioning patients and preparing exposure parameters was reduced from 73 seconds to 8 seconds. CONCLUSIONS: PIAA shows significant promise for extension to full-body examinations. Show more
Keywords: Digital radiography, patient positioning, deep learning, domain expertise, human pose estimation, automatic exposure control, RGB-D camera
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240639
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Han, Yongmei | Liu, Xinyu | Meng, Xinwan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the Kidney-Tonifying and Blood-Activating Formula on combating the downregulation of integrin β 3 and integrin β 5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formulations on combating the downregulation of integrin β 3 and integrin β 5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies. METHODS: Mice in the phospholipid antibody group and phospholipid antibody + kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula …group underwent repeated implantation experiments, and the expression of integrin β 3 and integrin β 5 in placental tissue was observed. The effects of the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula on mouse placental tissue were evaluated through biochemical index tests, histopathological observations, and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: After intervention with the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula, the expression of integrin β 3 and integrin β 5 in placental tissue was notably upregulated, and placental structure was restored. Kidney-Tonifying and Blood-Activating Formula significantly improved abnormal biochemical indices and exerted a remarkable protective effect on placental tissue pathology. CONCLUSION: The kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula effectively counteracted the downregulation of integrin β 3 and integrin β 5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies and alleviated placental tissue pathology through structural improvement and protection. Therefore, kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formulas may serve as potential therapeutic agents for recurrent implantation failure, offering new insights and approaches for clinical treatment. Show more
Keywords: Kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula, phospholipid antibodies, recurrent implantation failure, placental tissue, integrin β3, integrin β5
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241179
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Wang, Bing | Wu, Zehui | Liu, Gang | Liu, Ben | Yang, Wanchao | Yang, Chao | Shi, Lianghui
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Advancements in laparoscopic technology have popularized laparoscopic total gastrectomy over traditional open surgery, yet postoperative complications like anastomotic leakage and stenosis persist, particularly in esophagojejunostomy. To address this, since 2017, the authors have introduced the “Pant-Shaped” esophagojejunostomy as an improvement over the classic Roux-en-Y method, especially beneficial for patients with small intestinal diameters or those with gastric body cancer or Siewert III. OBJECTIVE: To assess the viability and safety of employing ‘Pant-Shaped’ anastomosis following laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy. METHODS: A method of descriptive case study was used. In our department of the First …Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, records of 210 patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric body cancer or adenocarcinoma at the junction of esophagus and jejunum with “Pant-Shaped” anastomosis between January 2017 and December 2022 were examined. Clinicopathological features and postoperative conditions were also examined and assessed. RESULTS: The mean age of the 164 male and 46 female research participants was 69.2 ± 8.3 years. There was a mean estimated blood loss of 63.4 ± 29.7 ml, an anastomosis time of 25.9 ± 3.0 minutes, an operation time of 208.2 ± 40.4 minutes, and a postoperative hospital stay of 12.2 ± 8.0 days. Nine patients (4.3%) experienced postoperative problems (Clavien-Dindo > grade II), including two episodes of anastomotic leakage that were resolved with irrigation and drainage, anti-infection therapy, and nutritional assistance. After an unforeseen reoperation, two cases of duodenal stump leaking were resolved. Anastamotic hemorrhage was treated with hemostasis and blood transfusion, and the patient made a full recovery. Due to a Peterson’s hernia, one patient required emergent open surgery. three months subsequent to LATG. CONCLUSIONS: The “Pant-Shaped” anastomosis method after laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy is simple, easy to promote, and has fewer complications. It is a safe and feasible modified method for esophagojejunostomy, especially suitable for patients with poor intestinal dilation and contraction ability and small jejunal diameter. Show more
Keywords: Laparoscopy, gastric cancer, gastrectomy, anastomosis, Roux-en-Y
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241093
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Zhan, Jing | Li, Li | Cao, Zheng | Sheng, Gaoan | Lou, Weiwei | Sheng, Lieping | Yao, Litao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Fiber post (FP) reinforced restoration was widespread in endodontically treated teeth, of which the retention was closely related to fit and operation process. However, the question whether the fit and self-etching adhesive (SED) affect the success of FP restoration still remained unclear. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to assess how the fit and self-etching adhesive (SED) impact the pull-out bond strength (BS) of glass fiber-reinforced composite posts from the root canal dentin. METHODS: Eighty lower first premolars underwent simulated endodontic treatment, after which their canals were shaped to accommodate a size three RelyX …fiber post (FP) (diameter 1.9 mm). They were then divided into 4 equal groups [Unfit post and no SEA (Group UN), Fit post and no SEA (Group FN), Unfit post with SEA (Group UA) and Fit post with SEA (Group FA)] using two different sized FPs and SEA. Cement thickness was acquired by histological analysis and stereomicroscopy. Each sample was tested for pull-out strength through a universal testing machine. Based on the pull-out test, the failure types were observed and scored by visualizing through a stereomicroscope. RESULTS: Group FA demonstrated significantly greater BS compared to Group UN and Group UA, with Group UN showing a statistically significant difference at p < 0.01 and Group UA at p < 0.05. Main failure types in Group FA were Type II, which illustrated that the cement detachment mainly occurred from the post-cement interface. Therefore, Group FA possessed the STRONGEST BS and was most suitable for FP-reinforced crown restorations. CONCLUSIONS: Both the fit and SEA enhanced the pull-out BS. The SEA was critical for BS promotion when the mechanical retention was inadequate. Show more
Keywords: Bond strength, fiber post, fit, self-etching adhesive
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241020
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Chen, Xin | Yu, Zhengya | Wu, Jixiang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of arterial variations in the upper limb is variable among ethnic groups. However, there are only a few studies on the Asian population, particularly in China. OBJECTIVE: This research provided the first large data series on arterial variations in the upper limb of Chinese adults. METHODS: In this observational study, the arteries in the upper limb of consecutive patients were analyzed between July 2020 and June 2021, and the hemodynamic variables of each patient were collected. RESULTS: The brachial artery deviated in 6.60% of upper limbs (11.89% …of patients), and the brachioradial artery (BRA) was the most frequent variation. In the wrists of all patients, the volume flow (VF) of the BRA was lower than that of the radial artery (RA). Besides, the VF of the BRA in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was lower than that in those without ESRD in the wrist. Additionally, in the forearms of patients without ESRD, the VF of the BRA was lower than that of the RA. In the upper arm of patients with ESRD, the VF of the brachial artery in patients with BRA was significantly lower than that in patients with RA. CONCLUSION: The incidence of arterial variations in the upper limb of Chinese adults was 6.60% (limbs) or 11.89% (patients) in this study. In our investigation, the BRA was the most common high bifurcation of the brachial artery type. Furthermore, the Chi-squared test revealed significant differences in the distribution, which was common in the right upper limb but not in sex. Show more
Keywords: Arterial variation, hemodynamic influence, upper limb
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241585
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Huang, Jie | Yang, Kun | Gao, Li | He, Quanmin | Ge, Song
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The human oral cavity contains over 700 types of bacteria that may protect the body against colonization by exogenous pathogens and maintain relative homeostasis. However, alterations in the immune status can disrupt the balance between microorganisms and the host, inducing various diseases such as oral cancer and diabetes mellitus. The mechanism underlying this process is not clearly understood. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between subgingival bacteria, T-cell receptor β -chain complementarity-determining region 3 (TCRβ CDR3), and the development oforal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). …METHODS: We grouped patients as “healthy periodontal” (H), “moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis” (C), and “moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis with OSCC” (T). Bacterial groups were “subgingival plaque” (bp) and “gingival/tumor tissue” (g). We also recorded patients’ age, gender, attachment level (AL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD). We extracted and sequenced RNA from plaques, gingival tissues, tumors, and teeth. We performed high-throughput sequencing on TCRβ CDR3 and plaque bacteria. RESULTS: Synergistetes and Veillonella parvula were more abundant in the H group than in the T group. Granulicatella , Peptostreptococcus , and Streptococcus infantis were enriched in the T-bp group. AL, BOP, and PD were positively correlated with Granulicatella , Peptostreptococcus , and Pseudomonas but negatively correlated with Prevotella nigrescens and V. parvula . TCRβ CDR3 diversity was C > H > T. TCR β -chain Variable gene (TRBV)20-1 usage varied among the H, C, and T groups. TRBV2 and TRBV5-1 usage was greater in the T group than in the C group. TRBJ1-1 , TRBJ1-2 , TRBJ2-2 , TRBJ2-7 , and TRBJ2-5 were most frequently used. CONCLUSIONS: These trends and the reduction of gingival Synergistetes were correlated with OSCC. TCRβ CDR3 diversity was the lowest in patients in the T group, and there were considerable changes in the expression of TRBV2 and TRBJ . Therefore, plaque bacterial composition can influence TCRβ CDR3. Show more
Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, high-throughput sequencing, oral squamous cell carcinoma, subgingival plaque
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240218
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-27, 2024
Authors: Cui, Yingying | Zhou, Xiaoli | Zheng, Dan | Zhu, Yumei
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with the incidence increasing each year. It is crucial to improve the prognosis of patients who have lung cancer. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer. Though its prognostic significance in NSCLC has not been often documented, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress has been identified to be implicated in tumour malignant behaviours and resistance to treatment. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to develop a gene profile linked to ER stress that could be applied to predictive and risk assessment for non-small cell …lung cancer. METHODS: Data from 1014 NSCLC patients were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, integrating clinical and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) information. Diverse analytical techniques were utilized to identify ERS-associated genes associated with patients’ prognoses. These techniques included Kaplan-Meier analysis, univariate Cox regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression analysis (LASSO) regression, and Pearson correlation analysis. Using a risk score model obtained from multivariate Cox analysis, a nomogram was created and validated to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups. The study employed the CIBERSORT algorithm and Single-Sample Gene Set Eenrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) to investigate the tumour immune microenvironment. We used the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database and R tools to identify medicines that could be responsive. RESULTS: Four genes – FABP5, C5AR1, CTSL, and LTA4H – were chosen to create the risk model. Overall Survival (OS) was considerably lower (P < 0.05) in the high-risk group. When it came to predictive accuracy, the risk model outperformed clinical considerations. Several medication types that are sensitive to high-risk groups were chosen. CONCLUSION: Our study has produced a gene signature associated with ER stress that may be employed to forecast the prognosis and therapeutic response of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Show more
Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer, single-cell sequencing, endoplasmic reticulum stress, predictive model, immunotherapy
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241059
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-31, 2024
Authors: Khaleel Sallam Ma’aitah, Mohammad | Helwan, Abdulkader
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Deep learning has demonstrated superior performance over traditional methods for the estimation of heart rates in controlled contexts. However, in less controlled scenarios this performance seems to vary based on the training dataset and the architecture of the deep learning models. OBJECTIVES: In this paper, we develop a deep learning-based model leveraging the power of 3D convolutional neural networks (3DCNN) to extract temporal and spatial features that lead to an accurate heart rates estimation from RGB no pre-defined region of interest (ROI) videos. METHODS: We propose a 3D DenseNet with a 3D …temporal transition layer for the estimation of heart rates from a large-scale dataset of videos that appear more hospital-like and real-life than other existing facial video-based datasets. RESULTS: Experimentally, our model was trained and tested on this less controlled dataset and showed heart rate estimation performance with root mean square error (RMSE) of 8.68 BPM and mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.34 BPM. CONCLUSION: Moreover, we show that such a model can also achieve better results than the state-of-the-art models when tested on the VIPL-HR public dataset. Show more
Keywords: Heart rate, deep learning, rPPG, 3D convolutional neural networks, no pre-defined region of interest (ROI)
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241104
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Čehić, Ermin | Cerovac, Anis | Zulović, Tarik | Begić, Edin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Thanks to modern methods of assisted reproduction (ART), parenthood has become an attainable goal for couples in which the male partner has experienced spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine the success of the treatment of infertile patients with SCI with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of cryopreserved sperm obtained by the testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) procedure. METHODS: In this retrospective study 156 infertile couples were included, in which the male partner is primarily infertile due to azoospermia. Infertile couples were divided into two groups. The first …group (n = 82) includes men with SCI, and the second (n = 74) men with obstructive azoospermia (OA) as the cause of infertility. All infertile men were examined and processed in the diagnostic procedure, and based on the urological findings, surgical extraction of sperm from the testicles was indicated. Exclusion criteria were the age of women over 40 and men over 45. RESULTS: We found that the quality of sperm was worse in the group with SCI, compared to the group with OA, but without statistical significance. Zenica and Johnsen score (p = 0.001; p = 0.000) showed worse semen characteristics in the group with SCI. There were no significant differences in the average number of embryos (p = 0.698), pregnancy rates per cycle (p = 0.979) and pregnancy rates per embrio transfer (ET), clinical pregnancy rates per ET (p = 0.987) and delivery rates per ET (p = 0.804) in couples with SCI, compared to couples with OA. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this research, the TESA and ICSI procedures can be recommended as a successful method in the treatment of male infertility caused by azoospermia due to SCI. Show more
Keywords: Azoospermia, male, pregnancy rate, sperm motility, sperm retrieval, spinal cord injuries
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240518
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Su, Hui | Lan, Xiaoyang | Cao, Ya | Zhang, Mingjie | Chen, Xiaoyan | Lan, Chen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidural blood patch (EBP) is a minimally invasive and effective treatment for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). But, cervical epidural blood patch for SIH has little attention. OBJECTIVE: In this study, The clinical data was recorded and the treatment efficacy and safety of cervical EBP in SIH were evaluated. METHODS : Fifty-nine cases of intractable SIH were examined by computed tomography (CT) guided cervical EBP at the Chinese PLA General Hospital from August 2014 to March 2024. RESULTS: The mean age of the fifty-nine patients at symptom onset was 40.8 ± …9.5 years. 54/59 (91.5%) patients experienced orthostatic headache. Preoperative spine T2 sacns with extensive fluid collection at the upper cervical region in 43/46 (93.5%). 45/59 (76.3%) patients had symptomatic relief with initial cervical EBP, and 14/59 (23.7%) patients received further cervical EBPs. In the first one to three days following the EBP procedure, 11 (18.6%) patients reported pain at the puncture site and 15 (25.4%) experienced neck pain. No other complications were observed during or after the procedure. At the latest follow-up, all patients showed good recovery. The mean follow-up was 28.9 ± 22.7 months. CONCLUSION: CT-guided cervical EBP is a effective and safe treatment for patients with intractable SIH, especially in patients who had extensive fluid collection at the upper cervical region. Show more
Keywords: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, epidural blood patch, cervical region, CT-guided, extensive fluid collections
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241366
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Chen, Shuo | Wu, Peixian | Peng, Weiqun | Zhang, Hongai
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The relationship between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains debated. The critical point may be the lack of consensus on MHO’s definition and diagnostic criteria. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association of MHO status with arteriosclerosis-CVD (ASCVD) risk in Chinese under new diagnostic criteria. METHODS: Participants aged 35–79 in the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort were included. The 10-year ASCVD risk was predicted by the prediction for ASCVD risk in China, and participants with a predicted risk of ⩾ 10% were …classified into the high-risk group. The Bayesian network (BN) models were constructed to characterize the multivariable probabilistic connections between metabolically obesity phenotypes and ASCVD risk. RESULTS: The 10-year ASCVD risk score and the proportion of individuals at ASCVD high risk were significantly different between metabolically obesity phenotypes (P < 0.001). BN reasoning results showed that MHO individuals were not significantly associated with a 10-year ASCVD risk. Among metabolically unhealthy individuals, the conditional probability of high ASCVD risk increased with the Body Mass Index (BMI), with the conditional probability of high ASCVD risk was 24.63% (95% CI: 22.81–26.55%), 32.97% (95% CI: 30.75–35.27%) and 40.2% (95% CI: 36.64–43.86%) for metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy overweight weight (MHOW), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) group, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that MHO individuals were at increased risk of CVD compared with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) individuals only in females. CONCLUSION: These results showed that there was no significant increase in ASCVD risk of MHO phenotype based on the new diagnostic criteria, suggesting that MHO is in a relatively healthy state. Show more
Keywords: Metabolically healthy obesity, atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease, Bayesian networks
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241472
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Kapoor, Yagyesh | Hasija, Yasha
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Machine learning offers diverse options for effectively managing blood glucose levels in diabetes patients. Selecting the right ML algorithm is critical given the array of available choices. Integrating data from IoT devices presents promising opportunities to enhance real-time blood glucose management models. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of machine learning models utilizing IoT device data for predicting blood glucose levels. METHODS: We systematically searched electronic databases for studies published between 2019 and 2023. We excluded studies lacking ML model derivation or performance metrics. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy …Studies tool assessed study quality. Our primary outcomes compared ML models for BG level prediction across different prediction horizons (PHs). RESULTS: We analyzed ten eligible studies across prediction horizons of 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. ML models exhibited mean absolute RMSE values of 15.02 (SD 1.45), 21.488 (SD 2.92), 30.094 (SD 3.245), and 35.89 (SD 6.4) mg/dL, respectively. Random Forest demonstrated superior performance across these PHs. CONCLUSION: We observed significant heterogeneity across all subgroups, indicating diverse sources of variability. As the PH lengthened, the RMSE for blood glucose prediction by the ML model increased, with Random Forest showing the highest relative performance among the ML models. Show more
Keywords: Machine learning, diabetes, CGM, Internet of Things, blood glucose, hyperglycemia
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241403
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Muniasamy, Anandhavalli
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: A daily activity routine is vital for overall health and well-being, supporting physical and mental fitness. Consistent physical activity is linked to a multitude of benefits for the body, mind, and emotions, playing a key role in raising a healthy lifestyle. The use of wearable devices has become essential in the realm of health and fitness, facilitating the monitoring of daily activities. While convolutional neural networks (CNN) have proven effective, challenges remain in quickly adapting to a variety of activities. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a model for precise recognition of human activities to …revolutionize health monitoring by integrating transformer models with multi-head attention for precise human activity recognition using wearable devices. METHODS: The Human Activity Recognition (HAR) algorithm uses deep learning to classify human activities using spectrogram data. It uses a pretrained convolution neural network (CNN) with a MobileNetV2 model to extract features, a dense residual transformer network (DRTN), and a multi-head multi-level attention architecture (MH-MLA) to capture time-related patterns. The model then blends information from both layers through an adaptive attention mechanism and uses a SoftMax function to provide classification probabilities for various human activities. RESULTS: The integrated approach, combining pretrained CNN with transformer models to create a thorough and effective system for recognizing human activities from spectrogram data, outperformed these methods in various datasets – HARTH, KU-HAR, and HuGaDB produced accuracies of 92.81%, 97.98%, and 95.32%, respectively. This suggests that the integration of diverse methodologies yields good results in capturing nuanced human activities across different activities. The comparison analysis showed that the integrated system consistently performs better for dynamic human activity recognition datasets. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, maintaining a routine of daily activities is crucial for overall health and well-being. Regular physical activity contributes substantially to a healthy lifestyle, benefiting both the body and the mind. The integration of wearable devices has simplified the monitoring of daily routines. This research introduces an innovative approach to human activity recognition, combining the CNN model with a dense residual transformer network (DRTN) with multi-head multi-level attention (MH-MLA) within the transformer architecture to enhance its capability. Show more
Keywords: Wearable sensors, human activity recognition, dense-residual connection, attention, CNN, transformers
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241064
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: M.G, Sumithra | Venkatesan, Chandran
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The identification of infection in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is challenging due to variability within classes, visual similarity between classes, reduced contrast with healthy skin, and presence of artifacts. Existing studies focus on visual characteristics and tissue classification rather than infection detection, critical for assessing DFUs and predicting amputation risk. OBJECTIVE: To address these challenges, this study proposes a deep learning model using a hybrid CNN and Swin Transformer architecture for infection classification in DFU images. The aim is to leverage end-to-end mapping without prior knowledge, integrating local and global feature extraction to improve detection …accuracy. METHODS: The proposed model utilizes a hybrid CNN and Swin Transformer architecture. It employs the Grad CAM technique to visualize the decision-making process of the CNN and Transformer blocks. The DFUC Challenge dataset is used for training and evaluation, emphasizing the model’s ability to accurately classify DFU images into infected and non-infected categories. RESULTS: The model achieves high performance metrics: sensitivity (95.98%), specificity (97.08%), accuracy (96.52%), and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (0.93). These results indicate the model’s effectiveness in quickly diagnosing DFU infections, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for medical professionals. CONCLUSION: The hybrid CNN and Swin Transformer architecture effectively combines strengths from both models, enabling accurate classification of DFU images as infected or non-infected, even in complex scenarios. The use of Grad CAM provides insights into the model’s decision process, aiding in identifying infected regions within DFU images. This approach shows promise for enhancing clinical assessment and management of DFU infections. Show more
Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, infection classification, convolutional neural network, Swin Transformer, Grad CAM
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241444
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024
Authors: Wang, Guoyu | Han, Yang | Zhuang, Juhua | Mai, Zhongchao | Xia, Wei | Ye, Ying
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-attributed mortality and the primary liver malignancy in the world. Echinacoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs which possessed multiple health benefits on humans, including anti-tumor effects. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to demonstrate the function of echinacoside in HCC progression and the involvement of miR-30c-5p/FOXD1/KLF12 axis. METHODS: The HepG2 cells were treated by different dose of echinacoside, miR-30c-5p mimic, miR-30c-5p inhibitor, and FOXD1 overexpression lentiviruses or siRNA individually or simultaneously. The cell invasion and migration were measured by transwell …assay. RNA and protein levels were tested by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The regulatory function of miR-30c-5p on Forkhead box D1 (FOXD1), FOXD1 on Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was tested by luciferase reporter assay or/and ChIP assay. Meanwhile, a liver cancer lung metastasis mice model was used to examine the functions of echinacoside and miR-30c-5p on HCC metastasis in vivo . Moreover, the correlations among miR-30c-5p, FOXD1, KLF12, and HCC prognosis was analyzed using clinical sample and TCGA database. RESULTS: Based on both in vitro and in vivo investigations, we found that echinacoside could inhibit HCC cell migration, invasiveness, and tumor metastasis, and associated with the enhanced miR-30c-5p/FOXD1/KLF12 axis. Furthermore, through analyzing the interactions among intermediate molecules, we revealed that miR-30c-5p, FOXD1, and KLF12üere clinically relevant with each other in HCC patients, correlated with HCC prognosis, and regulated by echinacoside to contribute in the inhibition of HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that echinacoside could inhibit HCC progression, and the mechanism related to the enhanced miR-30c-5p/FOXD1/KLF12 axis. Moreover, the abovementioned intermediate molecules might serve as prospective biomarkers for HCC prognosis. Show more
Keywords: Echinacoside, microRNA, FOXD1, KLF12, hepatocellular carcinoma
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241449
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Song, Jie | Lan, Ruihong | Yin, Dahua | Wang, Ling | Gong, Humin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Folic acid supplementation has been shown to provide benefits in preventing neural tube defects and other birth defects, as well as reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the impact of various folic acid supplementation methods on pregnancy. METHODS: TaqMan-MGB technology was used to detect polymorphisms in the folate metabolism-related genes, MTHFR C677T and A1298C. Blood-related biochemical indicators, including HCY levels and history of adverse pregnancy, were examined in relation to different exposure factors (MTHFR gene polymorphism, HCY levels, and adverse pregnancy history) and their impact on pregnancy outcomes. …Various forms of folic acid intervention were implemented in a population with an adverse pregnancy history and high HCY levels to analyze the effects of reducing HCY levels and improving pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS: Exposure factors, such as adverse pregnancy history, HCY, and medium-to-high risk of gene metabolism, were closely associated with pregnancy outcomes. Interestingly, methylfolate efficiently reduced the serum HCY levels. More importantly, the methylfolate group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of adverse pregnancies than the synthetic folic acid group. CONCLUSION: In this study, the risk factors, including adverse pregnancy history, HCY, and medium-to-high risk of gene metabolism, were confirmed to lead to the poorer pregnancy outcomes in our cohort. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate may be an effective approach for decreasing the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Show more
Keywords: MTHFR, HCY, adverse pregnancy history, pregnancy outcome, folic acid
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241034
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Wang, Mengxing | Xia, Tian | Wang, Ying
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dental pulpitis significantly impacts oral function and quality of life. Treatments like direct pulp capping aim to preserve pulp vitality. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the application value of Nd:YAG laser irradiation in preserving pulp vitality in children with caries-induced pulpitis. METHODS: This study, conducted from June 2019 to June 2023, included 89 children undergoing pulp vitality preservation treatment for caries-induced pulpitis. The children were divided into two groups using sealed envelopes: 44 in the control group received pulp capping treatment, while the study group received Nd:YAG laser-assisted pulp capping treatment. …The efficacy, oral indicators, oral function, changes in root apex diameter and root length, changes in gingival crevicular fluid inflammatory factors, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: The total effective rates were 97.78% in the study group and 95.45% in the control group, with no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Before treatment, there were no differences in gingival index, plaque index, and probing bleeding index between the groups (p > 0.05). After treatment, both groups showed decreased periodontal indexes compared to before treatment, with the study group showing lower values than the control group (p < 0.05). Chewing and biting function scores were similar between the groups before and after treatment (p > 0.05), but both groups showed decreased scores after treatment (p < 0.05). The study group had a higher percentage decrease in root apex diameter and a greater increase in root length compared to the control group (p < 0.05). During treatment, one case of tooth discoloration occurred in the study group (2.27%), while the control group had two cases of tooth discoloration and one case of secondary caries, resulting in a complication rate of 6.67%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Nd:YAG laser irradiation effectively preserves pulp vitality in children with caries-induced pulpitis, improving periodontal health, reducing root apex diameter, and increasing root length with high safety. Show more
Keywords: Nd: YAG laser, caries-induced pulpitis, children, oral function
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241233
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Ji, Yanping | Ding, Qingbin | Bu, Tianyi | Wang, Kun | Zhang, Jing | Wang, Xue
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cirrhosis is one of the most common clinical diseases in the world. The patient with cirrhosis has many complications, such as spontaneous peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy. Malnutrition is one of the most common complications in patients with cirrhosis, and it is also a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients. However, the research on cirrhosis malnutrition is relatively scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the new factors of the liver cirrhosis with the nutritional status. METHODS: A total of 370 patients with liver cirrhosis were admitted to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of …Harbin Medical University from January 2019 to January 2023 were selected. Patients were assigned to the malnourished group and normal group. The weight, height, mid arm circumference (MAC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) of the two groups were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) were calculated. Furthermore, the Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS), biochemical indexes, incidence of complications, disease grade were also counted and the Royal Free Hospital-Nutrition Prioritization Tool were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the patient. RESULTS: A total of 370 patients was included in this study, including 177 malnutrition patients, accounting for 45.29%, and the scores and total scores of the patients in the malnutrition group were lower than those in the normal group. The measured values of Na+ , Alb, PA, T-Bil, TC, TLC, Hb, and RBC were all lower than those of the normal group, and the difference was statistically significant. The overall complication rate of the patients in the malnourished group was 89.61%, and that of the normal group was 39.78%. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was performed with nutritional level as the dependent variable (normal = 0, malnutrition = 1), and the above indicators of variability (Na+ , Alb, PA, T-Bil, TC, PT, Hb, RBC, HG, and HeLMS scores) as the independent variables. The results showed that Na+ , Hb were the influencing factors of nutritional level (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of malnutrition in cirrhotic patients included in this study was at a moderate level, and the nutritional literacy of these patients was low. In addition, the level of serum sodium, Hemoglobin can affect the nutritional level of patients with cirrhosis. Show more
Keywords: Cirrhosis, malnutrition, correlation factor
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241180
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Ruan, Yingqing | Liu, Ping | Qiu, Minjie
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a prevalent condition among middle-aged and elderly women in China, is characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine during instances of increased abdominal pressure [1]. Although SUI is not life-threatening, it substantially impacts patients’ physical and psychological well-being, impairs their social interactions, and diminishes their overall quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape-ischiopubic ramus (TVT-IR) and transobturator tension-free vaginal tape (TVT-O) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: A retrospective analysis …of clinical data from 83 female SUI patients was conducted, dividing them into a TVT-IR group (n = 41) and a TVT-O group (n = 42) based on the surgical procedures employed. Perioperative indices, surgical efficacy, complications, symptom improvement pre- and post-operation (3 months), urodynamic measurements, and indices related to pelvic floor function and quality of life were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The TVT-IR group had significantly shorter operative time than the TVT-O group (P < 0.05). Three months after surgery, both groups had significantly lower frequency of incontinence, incontinence score, and number of nocturnal urination, significantly higher Pdet, ALPP, Qmax, and MUCP, significantly higher class I and class II fiber muscle strength and muscle potential, and significantly higher I-QOL scores (P < 0.05). The aforementioned indicators were superior in the TVT-IR group compared to the TVT-O group three months after surgery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both TVT-IR and TVT-O are effective in treating SUI, with comparable complication rates. Show more
Keywords: Female stress urinary incontinence, tension-free vaginal tape-ischiopubic ramus, transobturator tension-free vaginal tape, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241247
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Shanwen | Bao, Zhimin | Liao, Taotao | Pei, Zhenying | Yang, Shiyu | Zhao, Chunjiao | Zhang, Yuping
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although intracoronary electrocardiography (IC-ECG) offers direct electrophysiological insights into myocardial ischemia caused by insufficient coronary blood supply, compared to common diagnostic methods like electrocardiography (ECG), it lacks widespread adoption and robust clinical research. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the value and accuracy of intracoronary electrocardiogram in myocardial ischemia diagnosis in coronary heart disease patients. METHODS: Three hundred patients treated at our hospital were included in the study. Patients were categorized into non-ischemic group A (Fraction Flow Reserve [FFR] > 0.8) and ischemic group B (FFR < 0.75) based …on FFR examination results. Both groups underwent IC-ECG examination. The ischemic group received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment followed by another FFR examination, dividing them into non-ischemic subgroup B1 (FFR > 0.8) and ischemic subgroup B2 (FFR < 0.75). Both subgroups underwent IC-ECG examination. Receiver operating curves were constructed using FFR to assess the clinical utility of different IC-ECG parameters. RESULTS: Group A patients showed a significant decrease in ST-segment shift at J-point, ST-segment integral, T-peak, T-wave integral, and T-peak to end-time, while the Corrected Q-T interval (QTc-time) was significantly higher in the B group (p < 0.05). The parameters, including ST-segment shift at J-point, ST-segment integral, T-wave integral, T-peak, T-peak to end-time, and QTc-time, were found to have clinical significance in predicting the occurrence of myocardial ischemia (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intracoronary electrocardiogram QT interval dispersion and Q-T peak (QTp) interval dispersion have a high diagnostic accuracy for myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease. Show more
Keywords: Intracoronary electrocardiogram, coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia, diagnostic value, accuracy
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240837
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Fei, Biyan | Zhan, Lili | Gou, Jingqi | Wu, Yanping | Sun, Haili
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Discussed based on the network interactive platform of structured care for patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in the process of hemodialysis. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to elucidate the application value of structured nursing, deployed through network interaction platforms, in sustaining patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS: A total of 62 patients diagnosed with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) between April 2022 and August 2023 were randomly allocated into two distinct care groups: conventional and structured nursing care based on a web-interactive platform. Both cohorts were comparatively analyzed with respect to psychological states, quality …of life within therapeutic interventions, and relationships with complications. Renal function indicators, including Creatinine Clearance (Ccr), Serum Creatinine (SCr), and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), were subjected to Pearson analysis to appraise their predictive value in prognostication, while Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was constructed to further discern their diagnostic precision. RESULTS: Post-intervention, notable improvements were observed in the emotional states of patients in both cohorts, with the structured care group exhibiting significantly lower Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients under the web-interactive structured nursing regimen demonstrated superior overall adherence, a reduced incidence rate of complications, and markedly higher scores in quality of life assessments compared to those under conventional care (p < 0.05). The derived cut-off values for Ccr, SCr, and BUN were 32.5 ml/min, 251.5 umol/L, and 14.5 mmol/L, respectively, with sensitivities and specificities pegged at 0.645% and 0.645% for Ccr, 0.774% and 0.548% for SCr, and 0.774% and 0.774% for BUN. The corresponding areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for each parameter were 0.816, 0.653, and 0.856, respectively. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive hemodialysis care for patients with chronic renal failure can improve self-care ability to improve quality of life and reduce the incidence of complications, which has great potential for clinical progress and is worthy of further research. Show more
Keywords: Comprehensive nursing, chronic renal failure, hemodialysis, clinical care outcomes, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241021
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Luo, Haichao | Chen, Ran | Wang, Changying | Chen, Qitian
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy has brought new hope to patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with their applications. However, the prognosis of LUAD patients is still unpromising. OBJECTIVE: It is particularly important to find the biomarkers that can predict the prognosis of LUAD. In our previous study, we found that patients with high expression of LINC02390 had a better prognosis. The clinical significance of LINC02390 and its potential target genes, CLECL1 and CD69, in the prognosis of LUAD and its role in the immune microenvironment were explored. METHODS: Through the survival analysis, LINC02390 …and its potential target genes, CLECL1 and CD69, were identified as good prognostic factors for LUAD. According to GO and KEGG analyses, LINC02390-related genes were identified potentially involved in immune-related signaling pathways. Gene mutations and their relationship with immune cell infiltration were verified through the online cbioportal and TIMER database. RESULTS: CD69 was found to positively associate with CD8 + T cells and CLECL1 was also positively associated with CD4 + T cells. A high expression of CD69 in CD8 + T cells was identified through the single-cell sequencing dataset GSE111894. Finally, CLECL1 and CD69 were lowly expressed in clinical tissue samples with LUAD by immunohistochemical staining. CONCLUSIONS: LINC02390 and its possible target genes, CLECL1 and CD69, may be potential targets for the immunotherapy in LUAD patients. Show more
Keywords: LINC02390, CLECL1, CD69, lung adenocarcinoma, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241452
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: He, Xuwei | Lou, Tianzheng | Zhang, Ning | Zhu, Bin | Zeng, Danyi | Chen, Hua
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the high-risk nature of sepsis, emergency departments urgently need a simple evaluation method to assess the degree of inflammation and prognosis in sepsis patients, providing a reference for diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) combined with the blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio (BAR) in sepsis. METHODS: A total of 377 sepsis patients admitted to Lishui People’s Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Based on their prognosis, they were divided into a survival group (255 cases) …and a death group (82 cases). The clinical data of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify factors influencing sepsis prognosis, and ROC curve analysis was used to assess the predictive efficacy of NLR, BAR, and their combination. RESULTS: Compared with survivors, non-survivors had higher NLR and BAR, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, NLR (OR = 1.052) and BAR (OR = 1.095) were found to be independent prognostic factors for sepsis patients (both p < 0.05). The AUC of NLR combined with BAR was 0.798 (95% CI 0.745–0.850, p < 0.05), higher than the AUC of NLR alone (0.776) and BAR alone (0.701). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of NLR and BAR has a high predictive value for the prognosis of sepsis patients. Its simple calculation makes it particularly suitable for use in emergency departments. Show more
Keywords: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio, sepsis, prognosis
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241415
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Zhou, Yan | Liu, Yubao | Han, Yutong | Yan, Hongxia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a secondary neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients, characterized by profound weakness in all four limbs. Studies have shown that bundles of care are nursing strategies that combine a series of evidence-based interventions, which collectively optimize patients’ clinical outcomes compared to individual interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the effects of bundle interventions on ICU-AW deeply exploring the characteristics of bundle interventions, patient outcomes related to ICU-AW, and primarily investigating the effects of bundle interventions on ICU-AW. The main focus is to explore the …clinical value of bundle interventions in treatment of ICU-acquired weakness in patients. METHODS: Computer and manual searches were conducted using keywords to retrieve relevant studies on the effects of bundle interventions on ICU-AW from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMbase. The search period ranged from database inception to the present. The control group received standard ICU care, including basic nursing, while the intervention group received bundle nursing interventions. RESULTS: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1545 participants (790 in the intervention group and 755 in the control group) were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the intervention group had significantly higher muscle strength (MD = 7.41, 95% CI: 6.65–8.16, P < 0.00001) and daily living ability (MD = 34.01, 95% CI: 32.54–35.48, P < 0.00001) than the control group. Additionally, the incidence of ICU-AW (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.26–0.59, P < 0.00001), mechanical ventilation time (MD = - 3.71, 95% CI: - 3.58∼ - 2.76, P < 0.0001), and ICU length of stay (MD = - 2.73, 95% CI: - 3.14∼ - 2.31, P < 0.00001) were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: ICU-AW has a severe negative impact on the recovery and functional restoration of ICU patients, increasing the treatment complexity for healthcare providers and the mortality and disability rates for patients. The bundled care approach may help reduce the incidence of ICU-AW, promote the restoration of daily activity function, enhance muscle strength, and reduce ICU stay and mechanical ventilation time for ICU patients. However, the long-term effects of bundle interventions still require further in-depth research. Show more
Keywords: Nursing interventions, muscle weakness, intensive care unit, incidence, meta-analysis
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241542
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Lin, Ai-Ling | Hou, Jian-Hua
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study explores the influence of Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRG) payment reform on hospital cost control and offers pertinent cost management strategies for public hospitals. It situates the research by elucidating the significance of the DRG payment method and comparing its advantages and drawbacks with the traditional ‘pay per project’ model. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim is to assess the impact of DRG payment reform on hospital cost control and propose effective cost management strategies for public hospitals. The objective is to provide insights into DRG payment implications and attempt practical recommendations for its implementation in the …public healthcare sector. METHODS: Employing a comprehensive approach, the study analyzes DRG payment, delineates advantages and drawbacks, and proposes cost management strategies. Methods include staff training, an information management platform, disease analysis, and optimized cost accounting. The study highlights the potential for improved medical diagnosis and treatment through industry-finance integration. RESULTS: Findings reveal advantages and limitations of DRG payment, emphasizing strategies for optimizing hospital operations. Enhanced medical diagnosis and treatment procedures through industry-finance integration contribute to overall cost control effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The study serves as a practical guide for implementing DRG payment reforms, offering valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare professionals in navigating the complexities of cost control in public healthcare. Show more
Keywords: DRG payment method, hospital cost control, public hospital, cost management, integration of industry and finance
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240110
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2024
Authors: Jandric, Milka | Zlojutro, Biljana | Momcicevic, Danica | Dragic, Sasa | Kovacevic, Tijana | Djajic, Vlado | Stojiljkovic, Milos P. | Loncar-Stojiljkovic, Dragana | Skrbic, Ranko | Djuric, Dragan M. | Kovacevic, Pedja
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Critically ill COVID-19 patients are usually subjected to clinical, laboratory, and radiological diagnostic procedures resulting in numerous findings. Utilizing these findings as indicators for disease progression or outcome prediction is particularly intriguing. OBJECTIVES: Exploring the significance of dynamic changes in haematological and biochemical parameters in predicting the mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients. METHODS: The present study was a prospective and observational study involving mechanically ventilated 75 critically ill adult COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. The collected data included baseline patient characteristics, treatment options, outcome, and laboratory findings at admission and …7 days after. The dynamics of the obtained findings were compared between survivors and non-survivors. RESULTS: The 28-day survival rate was 61.3%. In the group of non-survivors significant dynamic changes were found for C-reactive protein (p = 0.001), interleukin-6 (p < 0.001), lymphocyte (p = 0.003), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.003), platelets (p < 0.001), haemoglobin (p < 0.001), iron (p = 0.012), and total iron-binding capacity (p < 0.001). Statistically significant changes over time were found for ferritin (p = 0.010), D-dimer (p < 0.001), hs-troponin T (p < 0.002), lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.001), glucose (p = 0.023), unsaturated iron-binding capacity (p = 0.008), and vitamin D (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The dynamic changes in inflammatory, haematological and biochemical parameters can predict disease severity, and outcome. Show more
Keywords: COVID-19, intensive care, outcome, prediction, laboratory parameters
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241006
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Li, Han | Li, Hui | Tian, Yiyang | Hu, Xiefeng | Hu, Xianhui | Qin, Xin | Yin, Yong
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is a standard surgical treatment option for renal tumors. Prior to LPN, it is necessary to evaluate the tumor condition and develop a surgical plan using precise imaging. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application value of 3D virtual model (3DVM) in LPN. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with renal tumor who underwent LPN were measured. Patients were divided into three cohorts (A, B, C) according to the difficulty of surgery. Each group was further divided into the test and control groups based on the application of preoperative …3DVM. Surgical safety and efficacy were assessed, and a questionnaire was developed to investigate the opinions of patients and physicians on 3DVM. RESULTS: The duration of LPN and intraoperative renal artery occlusion were significantly different between the test and control groups in both cohorts A and B (P < 0.05). In cohort C, the surgical duration, duration of intraoperative renal artery occlusion, length of stay, time to postoperative ambulation, intraoperative bleeding, incidence of postoperative bleeding were significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). The analysis both of patients and physicians questionnaire scores were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 3DVM contributes to safer and more effective LPN. It benefits both doctors and patients. Show more
Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma, renal cancer, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, 3D virtual model
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240421
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Xiang, Qiong | Chen, Jia-Jia | Feng, Ni-Na | Li, Xian-Hui
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the continuous advancement of medical technology, the survival rate of preterm infants is gradually improving, However, due to the underdeveloped function of various organs and systems, preterm infants are often exposed to light, noise, medical as well as nursing operations and other stimuli during their hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); it is highly susceptible to a number of problems, such as pain, unstable vital signs, growth retardation, and sleep disruption. OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the research progress of music intervention in nursing of premature infants in NICU with both traditional and conventional …care. METHODS: This article reviews the research background, methodology/design, and measurement/application effects of music interventions, including Chinese and Western traditional music, in the care of preterm infants in NICU. All scholarly literature retrieved from MEDLINE\ PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, Google scholar, CNKI scholar, Scopus and PubsHub. RESULTS: As a simple and effective non-pharmacological intervention, music intervention can effectively alleviate neonatal surgical pain, increase heart rate and oxygen saturation, promote sleep, growth and development, and improve neurological development. CONCLUSIONS: This review provide theoretical references for clinical practice. Show more
Keywords: Music intervention, music therapy, music medicine, premature infants, neonatal intensive care unit
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241263
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Tang, Yizhi | Chen, Peng | Tang, Tian | Luo, Zhihui | Wang, Xuelian | Ma, Xinxin | Jin, Lijia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate sentinel lymph node (SLN) characterization is essential for breast cancer management, prompting advancements in imaging technologies such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and sound touch quantification (STQ) to enhance diagnostic precision. OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of perfusion characteristics evaluated by CEUS combined with STQ parameters in diagnosing the properties of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in breast cancer. METHODS: A total of 91 breast cancer patients (91 SLNs) admitted to the hospital from February 2022 to December 2023 were selected for this study. Among them, 26 patients with metastatic SLN confirmed by …surgery and pathology were included in the metastatic SLN group, and 65 patients with non-metastatic SLN were included in the non-metastatic SLN group. Preoperative examination results of CEUS and STQ were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of perfusion characteristics evaluated by CEUS and STQ parameters for the properties of SLN in breast cancer was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Statistical methods such as chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. RESULTS: Enhancement patterns differed significantly between the metastatic SLN and non-metastatic SLN groups (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that CEUS perfusion characteristics had an AUC value of 0.823 for diagnosing SLN properties, with a sensitivity of 84.62% and specificity of 70.77% using type I as the critical value. Additionally, STQ measurement showed significantly higher values in the metastatic SLN group (44.18 ± 6.53 kPa) compared to the non-metastatic SLN group (34.69 ± 6.81 kPa) (t = 6.075, p < 0.001). The AUC value for STQ parameters in diagnosing metastatic SLN was 0.849, with a sensitivity of 73.08% and specificity of 92.31% using 42.40 kPa as the critical value. Though the AUC value of STQ measurement was higher than CEUS perfusion characteristics alone, the difference was not statistically significant (Z = 0.393, p = 0.695). Moreover, combining CEUS perfusion characteristics with STQ parameters yielded an AUC value of 0.815 for diagnosing SLN properties, showing no significant difference compared to diagnosis with CEUS or STQ parameters alone (Z = 0.149, 0.516, p = 0.882, 0.606). CONCLUSION: Combined use of perfusion characteristics evaluated by CEUS and STQ parameters can significantly improve the diagnostic specificity of SLN in breast cancer. It is worthy of clinical promotion. Show more
Keywords: Breast cancer, sentinel lymph node, diagnosis, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, sound touch quantification
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241232
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2024
Authors: Jundaeng, Jarupat | Chamchong, Rapeeporn | Nithikathkul, Choosak
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) acts as the state-of-the-art in periodontitis diagnosis in dentistry. Current diagnostic challenges include errors due to a lack of experienced dentists, limited time for radiograph analysis, and mandatory reporting, impacting care quality, cost, and efficiency. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to evaluate the current and future trends in AI for diagnosing periodontitis. METHODS: A thorough literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We searched databases including PubMed, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, and ScienceDirect for studies published between January 2018 and December 2023. Keywords used in the search included “artificial intelligence,” …“panoramic radiograph,” “periodontitis,” “periodontal disease,” and “diagnosis.” RESULTS: The review included 12 studies from an initial 211 records. These studies used advanced models, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), demonstrating accuracy rates for periodontal bone loss detection ranging from 0.76 to 0.98. Methodologies included deep learning hybrid methods, automated identification systems, and machine learning classifiers, enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating AI innovations in periodontitis diagnosis enhances diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, providing a robust alternative to conventional methods. These technologies offer quicker, less labor-intensive, and more precise alternatives to classical approaches. Future research should focus on improving AI model reliability and generalizability to ensure widespread clinical adoption. Show more
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, panoramic radiograph, periodontitis, periodontal disease, diagnosis
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241169
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Li, Chunbo | Li, Kejun
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Scientific treatments for postpartum urinary incontinence, including pelvic floor muscle exercises (such as Kegel exercises) and infrared therapy, can effectively improve pelvic floor and urethral function, thus enhancing quality of life. However, clinical research on the combined use of these interventions for postpartum urinary incontinence is limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combining efficacy of pelvic floor muscle exercises with infrared physiotherapy on postpartum urinary incontinence. METHODS: Clinical information of 102 patients with postpartum urinary incontinence (June 2021–June 2022) were collected and analyzed. Patients were randomly divided into control (conventional intervention) and observation …(pelvic floor muscle exercises combined with infrared physiotherapy) groups, with 52 and 50 cases respectively. We compared pelvic floor muscle strength, urodynamic indicators, leakage volume, quality of life, and overall clinical efficacy between the two groups. RESULTS: Before intervention, both groups had similar pelvic floor function scores and urodynamic indicators. Post-intervention, the pelvic floor function scores in the observation group were significantly lower than control. The urodynamic indicator levels of the observation group were markedly higher than control after 2 months of intervention. Leakage volume was similar before intervention, while the observation group had significantly lower volumes after 1 and 2 months of intervention. Quality of life scores were similar initially, but after 2 months, the observation group scored higher. The observation group showed notably better pelvic floor rehabilitation at 2 months post-intervention. CONCLUSION: Combining pelvic floor muscle exercise with infrared physiotherapy has been shown to be a highly effective approach in enhancing pelvic floor muscle strength and improving the quality of life for postpartum women experiencing urinary incontinence. This combined therapy also demonstrates positive effects on urodynamic indicators, reducing leakage volume, and facilitating pelvic floor rehabilitation. Show more
Keywords: Pelvic floor muscle exercise, infrared physiotherapy, postpartum urinary incontinence, quality of life
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240831
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Xian | Yang, Xia | Li, Yanhong
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ranks among preterm infants’ most common and severe respiratory diseases. Lung ultrasound scores (LUS) play a vital role in predicting early BPD and guiding treatment and intervention strategies for affected patients. OBJECTIVE: Performed a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic LUS for newborns with BPD. METHODS: Online electronic databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were used to retrieve relevant research until May 2023. A total of 117 literatures were collected, and ten eligible articles were selected for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Meta-analysis was …performed on 10 studies (1274 neonates). LUS at 7 days after birth (7 days of life, DOL 7) showed good diagnostic accuracy for any type of BPD, moderate and severe BPD. DOL 7 was more accurate in predicting all types of BPD (AUC = 0.87, sensitivity = 0.75, specificity = 0.83) than moderate and severe BPD (AUC = 0.80, sensitivity = 0.69, specificity = 0.79). There was no statistical significance between DOL 7 and DOL 14 in their accuracy for predicting all types of BPD (difference in AUC = 0.04, p = 0.068). There was no notable distinction between DOL 7 and DOL 14 in their accuracy for predicting moderate and severe BPD (difference in AUC = - 0.04, p = 0.104). CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic efficacy of LUS on DOL 7 in predicting the occurrence of all types of BDP and moderate-severe BPD is determined. This will facilitate rapid and accurate detection and timely treatment, thereby reducing the risk of neonatal mortality and sequelae. Show more
Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, lung ultrasound scores, prediction, newborns
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240832
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Chen, Wending | Wang, Jialin | Wang, Luyang | Hu, Wenwen | Chen, Xinzhong | Jin, Lin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Perioperative depth monitoring techniques, such as electroencephalography bispectral index (BIS), entropy index, and auditory evoked potential, are commonly used to assess anesthesia depth. However, the influence of patient positioning changes, particularly in gynecological surgeries where a head-down position is often required, on the accuracy of these monitoring indices remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the our study was to observe the impact of patient position changes on the monitoring value of entropy and BIS to identify a more sensitive method of anaesthesia depth monitoring for gynaecological surgery patients. METHODS: We conducted a …study involving 40 women undergoing general anesthesia, during which routine monitoring of vital signs, including electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate (HR), noninvasive arterial blood pressure (NIBP), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2 ), and end-expiratory carbon dioxide (PetCO2 ), was initiated. Entropy and BIS devices were affixed to the patients’ foreheads after alcohol sterilization to record brain activity. Tracheal intubation was performed following anesthesia induction. Throughout anesthesia maintenance, the value of BIS and response entropy (RE) were monitored and maintained between 40 and 50 by adjusting the infusion rate of propofol and remifentanil with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI, Mintopharmacokinetics model). Dosing for infusion control utilized corrected weight (height-105). Data were recorded before and after position changes, including tilting the operating table to head-down positions of 15 and 25 degrees, returning to a supine position, and elevating the head to 15 and 25-degree angles. BIS and entropy values at different time points were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Both BIS and entropy values increased from supine to head-down position and decreased from supine to head-up position, with entropy changes preceding those of BIS. Heart rate increased after head-up and decreased after head-down, while mean blood pressure (MBP) exhibited the opposite effect on heart rate. Significant correlations were found between heart rate and BIS (correlation coefficient: - 0.43) and RE (correlation coefficient: - 0.416), as well as between MBP and BIS (correlation coefficient: 0.346) and RE (correlation coefficient: 0.384). CONCLUSION: Changes in patient position can significantly affect the value of RE and BIS, as changes in entropy occur earlier than changes in the BIS. Show more
Keywords: Bispectral index, entropy, RE, arterial blood pressure, heart rate
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241026
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Lin, Chunqin | Huang, Yanru | Lin, Qiansen
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy can treat children with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy on cognitive function and brain structure in children with OSAHS. METHODS: This study included 40 obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome children and 40 healthy children. The cognitive function and brain structure changes of OSAHS children before and after surgery and 40 healthy children were evaluated by the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT), as well as brain resting-state fMRI functional …magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). RESULTS: Children with OSAHS showed higher Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale and lower Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test scores than healthy peers, indicating cognitive impairment. Post-surgery, there was a significant improvement in cognitive function, evidenced by decreased Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale and increased Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test scores. Compared to healthy children, OSAHS children displayed altered ReHo values in certain brain regions, such as decreased values in the right angular gyrus, right precuneus, left parahippocampal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus, but increased values in the right posterior cerebellum. After surgery, ReHo values increased in regions like the right precuneus, right temporal lobe, right posterior cingulate gyrus, and left limbic lobe, suggesting neurological changes associated with treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Children with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome had cognitive impairment and abnormal changes in multiple brain regions. Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy could improve cognitive function and contribute to the reconstruction of brain function and structure in children with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Show more
Keywords: OSAHS, ReHo, SNAP-IV, IVA-CPT, rs-fMRI, cognitive function
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241028
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Xiong, Yi-Ying | Chen, Chao-Yang | Li, Xiang | Yue, Xin-Xin | Zhao, Ze-Yu
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patients with tracheotomy are often monitored in the anesthesia recovery room after reoperation. During this period, oxygen therapy is necessary, and the existing tracheostomy oxygen supply device has many defects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-made tracheostomy oxygen delivery device on oxygen therapy during postoperative anesthesia recovery. METHODS: Patients were randomly divided into two groups, E and C, with 30 patients in each group, and admitted to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Patients in group E received oxygen through a self-made tracheostomy oxygen delivery device, while patients in group C …were supplied oxygen through a unilateral nasal cannula. Respiration (R), pulse oximetry (SpO2 ), and the number of patients on ventilators were recorded at the time of admission (T0 ) and one hour after admission (T1 ). Rapid dry blood gas analyses were performed on 0.6 ml samples of arterial blood collected at T0 and T1 . RESULTS: Compared to group C, patients in group E had significantly higher arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2 ), total carbon dioxide (T-CO2 ), and actual bicarbonate (AB), while arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2 ) was significantly reduced (P < 0.01 or < 0.05). Compared to T0 , PaO2 decreased in both groups at T1 , PaCO2 decreased in group E, while SaO2 , T-CO2 , and AB decreased in group C (P < 0.01 or < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found that using the self-made tracheostomy oxygen delivery device in postoperative anesthesia recovery had advantages such as a secure connection to the tracheostoma, adjustable oxygen concentration, air filtration, and the ability to switch oxygen supply between the ventilator and humidifier. Show more
Keywords: Anesthesia recovery, general anesthesia, oxygen delivery device, oxygen therapy, self-made, tracheostomy
DOI: 10.3233/THC-241184
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Liu, Chunlin | Huang, Chungui
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of posterior malleolus fractures in ankle fractures ranges from 7% to 44%. Studies have indicated a poorer prognosis for ankle joint function when a posterior malleolar fracture is present, underscoring the significance of active intervention for optimal postoperative ankle function recovery. Hence, the selection of treatment for such fractures holds particular importance. OBJECTIVE: Screw fixation is a key treatment for posterior malleolus fractures (PMFs) or Haraguchi Type 1 fractures involving less than 25% of the distal tibia’s articular surface. However, the optimal screw placement direction – anteroposterior (AP) or posterior-anterior (PA) – remains …debated. This meta-analysis aims to compare these two approaches for treating posterior ankle fractures, focusing on the efficacy of PA fixation. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, SinoMed, and Web of Science databases from their inception to October 20, 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing bias risk in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Stata MP17 software was used to compare the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, full weight-bearing time, and fracture healing time at the last follow-up between the two fixation methods. RESULTS: A total of 403 patients with posterior malleolar fractures from six RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a higher AOFAS score at the last follow-up for PA placement compared to AP placement [SMD = 0.512, 95% CI (0.244 to 0.780), z = 3.74, P < 0.001]. Postoperative full weight-bearing time and fracture healing time did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION: PA fixation demonstrated a superior AOFAS score compared to AP fixation for posterior malleolar fractures. PA screw placement offers advantages in restoring ankle joint stability and enhancing joint function recovery post-surgery. Show more
Keywords: Posterior malleolus fracture (PMFs), posterior-anterior fixation (PA), anterior-posterior fixation (AP)
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240602
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Valiaveetil, Della Reasa | T, Kanimozhi
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Leukemia is a cancer that develops in the bone marrow and blood that is brought on by an excessive generation of abnormal white blood cells. This disease damages deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is associated with immature cells, particularly white blood cells. It is time-consuming and requires enhanced accuracy for radiologists to diagnose acute leukemia cells. OBJECTIVE: To overcome this issue, we have studied the use of a novel proposed LEU-EHO NET. METHODS: LEU-EHO NET has been proposed for classifying blood smear images based on leukemia-free and leukemia-infected images. Initially, the input blood …smear images are pre-processed using two techniques: normalization and cropping black edges in images. The pre-processed images are then subjected to MobileNet for feature extraction. After that, Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) is used to select the relevant feature from the retrieved characteristics. Finally, Faster RCNN is trained with the selected features to perform the classification task and discriminate between Normal and Abnormal. RESULTS: The total accuracy of the proposed LEU-EHO NET is 99.30%. The proposed LEU-EHO NET model enhances the overall accuracy by 0.69%, 16.21%, 1.10%, 1.71%, and 1.38% better than Inception v3 XGBoost, VGGNet, DNN, SVM and MobilenetV2 respectively. CONCLUSION: The approach needs to be improved so that overlapped cells can be segmented more accurately. Additionally, future work might improve classification accuracy by utilizing different deep learning models. Show more
Keywords: Deep learning, elephant herding optimization, MobileNet, leukemia disease
DOI: 10.3233/THC-240750
Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024
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