Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 44, issue 3

Authors: Nguyen, Hoa Cuong | Xuan, Cho Do | Nguyen, Long Thanh | Nguyen, Hoa Dinh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack detection and monitoring has attracted a lot of attention recently when this type of cyber-attacks is growing in both number and dangerous levels. In this paper, a new APT attack model, which is the combination of three different neural network layers including: Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Inference (I), and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) is proposed. The new model is named MIG for short. In this model, the MLP layer is in charge of aggregating and extracting properties of the IPs based on flow network in Network traffic, while the Inference layer is responsible for building IP …information profiles by grouping and concatenating flow networks generated from the same IP. Finally, the GCN layer is used for analyzing and reconstructing IP features based on the behavior extraction process from IP information records. The APT attacks detection method based on network traffic using this MIG model is new, and has yet been proposed and applied anywhere. The novelty and uniqueness of this method is the combination of many different data mining techniques in order to calculate, extract and represent the relationship and the correlation between APT attack behaviors based on Network traffic. In MIG model, many meaningful anomalous properties and behaviors of APT attacks are synthesized and extracted, which help improve the performance of APT attack detection. The experimental results showed that the proposed method is meaningful in both theory and practice since the MIG model not only improves the ability to correctly detect APT attacks in network traffic but also minimizes false alarms. Show more

Keywords: APT attacks, behavior profile, inference, graph convolutional neural network, graph analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221055

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3459-3474, 2023

Authors: Liu, Yuyang | Ma, Tinghuai | Huang, Xuejian | Li, Ting

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As the latest and most popular concept in the world, metaverse as well as its application and technology integration has attracted the attention of all walks of life including information, economics, management, design and education, etc. However, the definition of metaverse as a technology or an intelligent scene still has no unified consensus in the academic and scientific fields. We believe that the metaverse should be a key concept and emerging theory in the future field of wisdom. This research focuses on the evaluation of the importance of college teaching courses for future education in the context of the metaverse, …and discusses which courses may be greatly affected by the concept of the metaverse. First, on the basis of analyzing the scholars’ understanding of the concept of the metaverse and related application research literature, we give the specific framework of this paper and the definition of the edu-metaverse, and propose a future intelligent teaching environment construction model based on the metaverse. It should be noted that our research is under the framework of the metaverse intelligent teaching construction model, and mainly focuses on the in-depth analysis of the teaching evaluation problem in colleges, which is a multi-attribute decision-making problem in the field of systems science. We propose an improved Pythagorean fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method based on cumulative prospect theory, including improved scoring function, improved distance measure method, improved combination weighting method, etc., and construct a cumulative prospect value function. The proposed theory and method were applied to teaching courses of 10 majors in Chinese colleges to construct an importance evaluation indicator system. The importance of the courses was ranked, verifying the applicability and scientificity of the proposed method. The research content of this paper can provide a reference for the decision-making of Chinese education authorities. More importantly, the method proposed in this research is also universal, and can also provide theoretical support and experience reference for multi disciplines and fields, such as financial investment, engineering construction evaluation, enterprise management decision-making, and emergency management, etc. Show more

Keywords: Metaverse, intelligent teaching environment, teaching importance evaluation, cumulative prospect theory, Pythagorean fuzzy set theory

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221671

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3475-3500, 2023

Authors: Nguyen-Trong, Khanh | Nguyen-Hoang, Khoi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) is one of the most challenging healthcare crises of the twenty-first century. The pandemic causes many negative impacts on all aspects of life and livelihoods. Although recent developments of relevant vaccines, such as Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA, AstraZeneca, or Moderna, the emergence of new virus mutations and their fast infection rate yet pose significant threats to public health. In this context, early detection of the disease is an important factor to reduce its effect and quickly control the spread of pandemic. Nevertheless, many countries still rely on methods that are either expensive and time-consuming (i.e., Reverse-transcription polymerase …chain reaction) or uncomfortable and difficult for self-testing (i.e., Rapid Antigen Test Nasal). Recently, deep learning methods have been proposed as a potential solution for COVID-19 analysis. However, previous works usually focus on a single symptom, which can omit critical information for disease diagnosis. Therefore, in this study, we propose a multi-modal method to detect COVID-19 using cough sounds and self-reported symptoms. The proposed method consists of five neural networks to deal with different input features, including CNN-biLSTM for MFCC features, EfficientNetV2 for Mel spectrogram images, MLP for self-reported symptoms, C-YAMNet for cough detection, and RNNoise for noise-canceling. Experimental results demonstrated that our method outperformed the other state-of-the-art methods with a high AUC, accuracy, and F1-score of 98.6%, 96.9%, and 96.9% on the testing set. Show more

Keywords: COVID-19 diagnostics, multi-modal classification, Convolutional neural network (CNN), bidirectional-LSTM, Cough classification

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-222863

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3501-3513, 2023

Authors: Zhao, Hu | Jia, Li-Yan | Chen, Gui-Xiu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Notice that there’s a one-to-one correspondence between between (L , M )-fuzzy hull operators and (L , M )-fuzzy convex structures. So, it is necessary to consider the product of (L , M )-fuzzy convex structures through the product structures of (L , M )-fuzzy hull operators. In this paper, we construct the product structures of (L , M )-fuzzy hull operators to characterize the product of (L , M )-fuzzy convex structures. On the other hand, we construct the coproduct structures of (L , M )-fuzzy hull operators to give a reasonable definition with respect to the coproduct of …(L , M )-fuzzy convex structures. Show more

Keywords: (L, M)-fuzzy convex spaces, (L, M)-fuzzy hull operators, Base, Product, Coproduct

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-222911

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3515-3526, 2023

Authors: Li, Xu-Dong | Wang, Jie-Sheng | Hao, Wen-Kuo | Song, Hao-Ming | Zhao, Xiao-Rui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the increasing complexity and difficulty of numerical optimization problems in the real world, many efficient meta-heuristic optimization methods have been proposed to solve these problems. The arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) design is inspired by the distribution behavior of the main arithmetic operators in mathematics, including multiplication (M), division (D), subtraction (S) and addition (A). In order to improve the global search ability and local development ability of the AOA, the Lorentz triangle search variable step coefficient was proposed based on the broad-spectrum trigonometric functions combined with the Lorentz chaotic mapping strategy, which include a total of 24 search functions …in four categories, such as regular trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions. The position update was used to improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm. Through test experiments on benchmark functions and comparison with other well-known meta-heuristic algorithms, the superiority of the proposed improved AOA was proved. Show more

Keywords: Arithmetic optimization algorithm, trigonometric function, function optimization

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221098

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3527-3559, 2023

Authors: Liu, Yao | Shen, Hao | Shi, Lei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Social networks have accelerated the speed and scope of information dissemination. However, the lack of regulation and freedom of speech on social platforms has resulted in the widespread dissemination of the unverified message. Therefore, rapid and effective detection of social network rumors is essential to purify the network environment and maintain public security. Currently, the defects of rumor detection technology are that the detection time is too long and the timeliness is poor. In addition, the differences based on specific regions or specific fields will lead to deviations in the training dataset. In this paper, firstly, the definition of rumor …is described, and the current problems and detection process of rumor detection are described; Secondly, introduce different data acquisition methods and analyze their advantages and disadvantages; Thirdly, according to the development of rumor detection technology, the existing rumor detection methods of artificial, machine learning and deep learning are analyzed and compared; Finally, the challenges of social network rumor detection technology are summarized. Show more

Keywords: Rumor, rumor detection, machine learning, deep learning, social networks

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-221894

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3561-3578, 2023

Authors: Xu, Le | Mo, Yuanbin | Lu, Yanyue

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The numerical solution of dynamic optimization problem is often sought for chemical processes, but the discretization of control variables is a difficult problem. Therefore, we propose improved seagull optimization algorithm (ISOA) combined with random division method to solve dynamic optimization problems. Firstly, based on the analysis of the seagull optimization algorithm, this paper introduces the cognitive part in the process of a seagull’s attack behavior to make the group approach the best position. Secondly, this paper uses the 14 benchmark test functions to verify ISOA. Finally, the improved seagull optimization algorithm is combined with the random division method to solve …two chemical dynamic optimization problems. The experimental results show that ISOA algorithm has better performance in function optimization. Show more

Keywords: Dynamic optimization, cognitive part, random division method, chemical processes, function optimization

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-211855

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3579-3594, 2023

Authors: Jin, Xu | Jin, LeSheng | Chen, Zhen-Song | Mesiar, Radko | Yager, Ronald

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Interval basic uncertain information is a generalization of basic uncertain information. Due to their special structures, the induced aggregation and induced OWA operators have diversified inducing aggregation modes for them. In order to provide both normative paradigms and special ways to perform reasonable induced aggregation with vectors of interval basic uncertain information, this work systematically analyzes some substantial ways of performing induced aggregation by special means of non-induced aggregation. Numerous inducing posets are suggested to use which can help automatically generate weight vectors. Some special weights generation methods based on complex inducing information with numerical examples are also proposed and …presented. Show more

Keywords: Aggregation operators, basic uncertain information, decision making, induced aggregation operators, interval basic uncertain information, preference aggregation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-220528

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3595-3602, 2023

Authors: Li, Shugang | Ji, Xiaoru | Zhang, Beiyan | Liu, Ying | Lu, Hanyu | Yu, Zhaoxu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The maintenance and strategy operation after patent licensing can bring great market competitiveness and benefits to enterprises. But the large time span from patent licensing to market application makes it challenging to discern the benefits of patent competition strategy. Besides, artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging industry without ready-to-use experience to formulate patent competition strategy, and particularly current researches have not designed patent competition strategy from the micro patent management perspective of AI enterprises to solve the uncertainty caused by the lag of market application relative to patent licensing. This research builds an expert group discriminant system based on the …system dynamics method to address this problem. It integrates expert tacit knowledge to determine the fuzzy variable value and the fuzzy relationship. The patent competition strategy subsystem in national dimension, industry dimension and enterprise dimension for capturing the market from the perspective of enterprise technology competitiveness are constructed. By combining the three subsystems, the enterprise patent competition strategy system dynamics model with evolution analysis is established. Finally, taking typical Chinese AI enterprise iFLYTEK as an example, the multi-scenario simulation is carried out and the results under four different scenarios can provide effective decision supports for managers to formulate reasonable patent competition strategy and gain high market share. This research sheds light on modeling and evolution analysis of the patent competition strategy which comprehensively and systematically considers the operation mechanism of patent management and contributes to dealing with the uncertainty and ambiguity in the system dynamics model effectively. Show more

Keywords: Patent competition strategy, system dynamics method, expert group discrimination, artificial intelligence

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-220572

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3603-3619, 2023

Authors: Akram, Muhammad | Zahid, Kiran | Kahraman, Cengiz

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The striking theory of ELECTRE III approach, being a marvelous strategy to deal with pseudo criterion, prevails over the traditional variants of ELECTRE method and other decision-making approaches for veracious decision-making. The noticeable efficiency and broader space of complex Pythagorean fuzzy model make it more significant and dominant for modeling two dimensional imprecise knowledge. The remarkable contribution of this study is to present a high aptitude variant of ELECTRE method by taking the advantage of the flexible structure of complex Pythagorean fuzzy sets closely following the outranking principles of ELECTRE III method. The proposed complex Pythagorean fuzzy ELECTRE III method …is accredited to employ the theory of ELECTRE III technique to excellently deal with pseudo criterion as well as the two dimensional imprecise data for authentic decision-making. The proposed methodology uses three different threshold values, including preference, indifference and veto threshold values, to check the preference relation between alternatives. The presented strategy is applied to a case study for material selection to get the befitting decision. The comparative study with Pythagorean fuzzy ELECTRE III method is also included in this article to verify its decision-making aptitude. Show more

Keywords: Group decision-making, ELECTRE III method, Pseudo criteria, Complex Pythagorean fuzzy set, Threshold values

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-220764

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 3621-3645, 2023