Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 41, issue 6

Authors: Qin, Bin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In reality there are always a large number of complex massive databases. The notion of homomorphism may be a mathematical tool for studying data compression in knowledge bases. This paper investigates a knowledge base in dynamic environments and its data compression with homomorphism, where “dynamic” refers to the fact that the involved information systems need to be updated with time due to the inflow of new information. First, the relationships among knowledge bases, information systems and relation information systems are illustrated. Next, the idea of non-incremental algorithm for data compression with homomorphism and the concept of dynamic knowledge base are …introduced. Two incremental algorithms for data compression with homomorphism in dynamic knowledge bases are presented. Finally, an experimental analysis is employed to demonstrate the applications of the non-incremental algorithm and the incremental algorithms for data compression when calculating the knowledge reduction of dynamic knowledge bases. Show more

Keywords: Dynamic knowledge base, knowledge reduction, data compression, homomorphism

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210136

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6331-6341, 2021

Authors: He, Yanling | Yao, Chunji

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An information system (IS), an important model in the field of artificial intelligence, takes information structure as the basic structure. A fuzzy probabilistic information system (FPIS) is the combination of some fuzzy relations in the same universe that satisfy probability distribution. A FPIS as an IS with fuzzy relations includes three types of uncertainties (i.e., roughness, fuzziness and probability). This paper studies information structures in a FPIS from the perspective of granular computing (GrC). Firstly, two types of information structures in a FPIS are defined by set vectors. Then, equality, dependence and independence between information structures in a FPIS are …proposed, and they are depicted by means of the inclusion degree. Next, information distance between information structures in a FPIS is presented. Finally, entropy measurement for a FPIS is investigated based on the proposed information structures. These results may be helpful for understanding the nature of structures and uncertainty in a FPIS. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy relation, FPIS, GrC, information structure, dependence, distance, uncertainty, measurement, entropy

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210149

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6343-6361, 2021

Authors: Mahmood, Asma | Abbas, Mujahid

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A group decision-making process is introduced by utilizing the influence model together with a matrix of interpersonal influences and an opinion matrix. The opinion matrix is constructed with the opinions/advice from one group of experts towards the other. Experts are divided into two groups, one which has more experienced, skilled and qualified persons is known as the group of opinion leaders and the other is known as the group of opinion followers. Sometimes, decision-makers are ordinary agents and their opinion formation is profoundly influenced by opinion leaders. The truthfulness of opinion leaders and the interpersonal influences of decision-makers is also …taken into account. Also, a modified definition of trust score evaluation is presented with the understanding of the fact that the maximum trust which a decision-maker can do upon some opinion leader is his/her truthfulness. On the basis of this definition, a trust score matrix is constructed and the influence model is modified to take into account that matrix. Show more

Keywords: Group decision making, opinion dynamics, trust score evaluations, influence model

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210161

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6363-6373, 2021

Authors: Maya, Mario | Yu, Wen | Telesca, Luciano

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Neural networks have been successfully applied for modeling time series. However, the results of long-term prediction are not satisfied. In this paper, the modified Meta-Learning is applied to the neural model. The normal Meta-Learning is modified by time-varying learning rates and adding a momentum term to improve convergence speed and robustness property. The stability of the learning process is proven. Finally, two experiments are presented to evaluate the proposed method. The first one shows an improvement in earthquakes prediction in the long-term, and the second one is a classical Benchmark problem. In both experiments, the modified Meta-Learning technique minimizes remarkably …the mean square error index. Show more

Keywords: Meta-learning, neural networks, long-term earthquake prediction

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210173

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6375-6388, 2021

Authors: Bhatia, Tanveen Kaur | Kumar, Amit | Appadoo, S.S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Enayattabr et al. (Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 37 (2019) 6865– 6877) claimed that till now no one has proposed an approach to solve interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy all-pairs shortest path problems (all-pairs shortest path problems in which distance between every two nodes is represented by an interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy number). Also, to fill this gap, Enayattabr et al. proposed an approach to solve interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy all-pairs shortest path problems. In this paper, an interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy shortest path problem is considered to point out that Enayattabr et al.’s approach fails to find correct shortest distance between two fixed nodes. Hence, it …is inappropriate to use Enayattabr et al.’s approach in its present from. Also, the required modifications are suggested to resolve this inappropriateness of Enayattabr et al.’s approach. Show more

Keywords: Interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy all-pairs shortest path problem, interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, signed distance ranking

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210182

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6389-6406, 2021

Authors: Narendiranath Babu, T. | Singh, Prabhu Pal | Somesh, M. | Jha, Harshit Kumar | Rama Prabha, D. | Venkatesan, S. | Ramesh Babu, V.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The planetary gearbox works on an epicyclic gear train consisting of sun gear meshed with planets gears and ring gear. It got advantages due to its large torque to weight ratio and reduced vibrations. It is mostly employed in analog clocks, automobile automatic gearbox, Lathe machines, and other heavy industries. Therefore, it was imperative to analyze the various faults occurring in a gearbox. Furthermore, come up with a method so that failures can be avoided at the early stage. It was also a reason why it became the field of intensive research. Moreover, the technology of neural networks emerged recently, …where machine learning models are trained to detect uneven vibrations on their own. This attracted many researchers to perform the study to devise their own methods of prediction. The central concept of fault prediction by the neural network without human beings’ interference inspired this study. Most industries always wanted to know if their operation line is working fine or not. In this study, an attempt was made to apply the method of deep learning on one of the most critical gearboxes because of its components and functionality. A significant part of the study also involved filtering the vibration data obtained while testing. Comparative analysis of the variation of the peak of acceleration was performed for healthy and faulty conditions. Show more

Keywords: Planetary gearbox, neural networks, deep learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210229

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6407-6427, 2021

Authors: Alagarsamy, Ramachandran | Arunpraksh, R. | Ganapathy, Sannasi | Rajagopal, Aghila | Kavitha, R.J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Recently, the e-learners are drastically increased from the last two decades. Everything is learnt through internet without help of the tutor as well. For this purpose, the e-learners are required more e-learning applications that are able to supply optimal and satisfied data based on their capability. No content recommendation system is available for recommending suitable contents to the learners. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new semantic and fuzzy aware content recommendation system for retrieving the suitable content for the users. In this content recommendation system, we propose two content pre-processing algorithms namely Target Keyword based Data Pre-processing Algorithm …(TKDPA) and Intelligent Anova-T Residual Algorithm (IAATRA) for selecting the more relevant features from the document. Moreover, a new Fuzzy rule based Similarity Matching algorithm (FRSMA) is proposed and used in this system for finding the similarity between the two terms and also rank them by using the newly proposed Similarity and Temporal aware Weighted Document Ranking Algorithm (STWDRA). In addition, a content clustering process is also incorporated for gathering relevant content. Finally, a new Fuzzy, Target Keyword and Similarity Score based Content Recommendation Algorithm (FTKSCRA) is also proposed for recommending the more relevant content to the learners accurately. The experiments have been conducted for evaluating the proposed content recommendation system and proved as better than the existing recommendation systems in terms of precision, recall, f-measure and prediction accuracy. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy logic, content ranking, clustering, content recommendation, semantic analysis, fuzzy rules and annova-T

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210246

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6429-6441, 2021

Authors: Zhu, Yunwen | Zhang, Wenjun | Zhang, Meixian | Zhang, Ke | Zhu, Yonghua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the trend of people expressing opinions and emotions via images online, increasing attention has been paid to affective analysis of visual content. Traditional image affective analysis mainly focuses on single-label classification, but an image usually evokes multiple emotions. To this end, emotion distribution learning is proposed to describe emotions more explicitly. However, most current studies ignore the ambiguity included in emotions and the elusive correlations with complex visual features. Considering that emotions evoked by images are delivered through various visual features, and each feature in the image may have multiple emotion attributes, this paper develops a novel model that …extracts multiple features and proposes an enhanced fuzzy k-nearest neighbor (EFKNN) to calculate the fuzzy emotional memberships. Specifically, the multiple visual features are converted into fuzzy emotional memberships of each feature belonging to emotion classes, which can be regarded as an intermediate representation to bridge the affective gap. Then, the fuzzy emotional memberships are fed into a fully connected neural network to learn the relationships between the fuzzy memberships and image emotion distributions. To obtain the fuzzy memberships of test images, a novel sparse learning method is introduced by learning the combination coefficients of test images and training images. Extensive experimental results on several datasets verify the superiority of our proposed approach for emotion distribution learning of images. Show more

Keywords: Image emotion recognition, emotion distribution learning, fuzzy emotional membership, sparse learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210251

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6443-6460, 2021

Authors: Guo, Dugang | Liu, Jun | Wang, Xuewei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Plant disease is one of the major threats to food security. Accurate diagnosis of plant diseases can benefit the agricultural production. For the purpose of real-time plant disease diagnostics, the deep learning models are employed. In this study, we present an accurate identification method for common diseases of tomatoes based on deep-learning methods. The devising of multi-resolution detector, in line with bounding box generating and assigning, facilitates the feature extracting process of detection. The employment of an dropout and ADAMW (Adaptive moment estimation with decoupled weight decay) optimizer further resolve the overfitting problem. Using the collected images of healthy and …diseased tomatoes, our detector is trained to identify 10 different diseases. Experimental results showed that the disease identification method proposed in this study could accurately and rapidly identify common diseases of tomato with an average accuracy of 85.03%and a recognition speed of 61 frames per second, which was superior to other models under the same conditions and was beneficial for tomato disease control work. Show more

Keywords: Plant diseases, deep learning model, multi-resolution detection layers, bounding box, single shot multibox detector

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210262

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6461-6471, 2021

Authors: Mehmood, Arif | Al Ghour, Samer | Ishfaq, Muhammad | Afzal, Farkhanda

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this article, new definition of neutrosophic soft ** b -open set is introduced with the help of neutrosophic soft α -open set and neutrosophic soft β-open set. With the application of this new definition some neutrosophic soft separation axioms and neutrosophic soft other separation axioms are addressed with respect to soft points of the spaces. Suitable examples are provided for the clarification of different results. Soft countability results and its engagements with different other neutrosophic soft results are studied. In continuation, characterization of Bolzano Weirstrass Property with respect to neutrosophic soft results and neutrosophic soft compactness results are inaugurated.

Keywords: Neutrosophic soft set (NSS), neutrosophic soft point, neutrosophic soft ** b-open set and neutrosophic ** b-separation axioms

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-210306

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 6473-6494, 2021