Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 40, issue 5

Authors: Gu, Tianlong | Liang, Haohong | Bin, Chenzhong | Chang, Liang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: How to accurately model user preferences based on historical user behaviour and auxiliary information is of great importance in personalized recommendation tasks. Among all types of auxiliary information, knowledge graphs (KGs) are an emerging type of auxiliary information with nodes and edges that contain rich structural information and semantic information. Many studies prove that incorporating KG into personalized recommendation tasks can effectively improve the performance, rationality and interpretability of recommendations. However, existing methods either explore the independent meta-paths for user-item pairs in KGs or use a graph convolution network on all KGs to obtain embeddings for users and items separately. …Although both types of methods have respective effects, the former cannot fully capture the structural information of user-item pairs in KGs, while the latter ignores the mutual effect between the target user and item during the embedding learning process. To alleviate the shortcomings of these methods, we design a graph convolution-based recommendation model called Combining User-end and Item-end Knowledge Graph Learning (CUIKG) , which aims to capture the relevance between users’ personalized preferences and items by jointly mining the associated attribute information in their respective KG. Specifically, we describe user embedding from a user KG and then introduce user embedding, which contains the user profile into the item KG, to describe item embedding with the method of Graph Convolution Network. Finally, we predict user preference probability for a given item via multilayer perception. CUIKG describes the connection between user-end KG and item-end KG, and mines the structural and semantic information present in KG. Experimental results with two real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over existing methods. Show more

Keywords: Personalized recommendation, property knowledge graph, graph convolution network

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201635

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9213-9225, 2021

Authors: Liu, Shulin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Under the background of the national fitness craze, the demand space for social sports professionals is constantly expanding. However, according to the author’s investigation, the overall situation shows that the number of high-quality social sports professionals in Chinese colleges and universities is relatively small. Among them, the unsound teaching quality evaluation system of social sports major is one of the important reasons affecting the cultivation of high-quality talents, so it is imperative to construct a sound teaching quality evaluation system of social sports major. At the same time, the perfect social physical education teaching quality evaluation system is an important …basis for teachers’ teaching job evaluation and strengthening teachers’ management. And it is frequently considered as a multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issue. Thus, a novel MAGDM method is needed to tackle it. Depending on the conventional TOPSIS method and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), this essay designs a novel intuitive distance based IF-TOPSIS method for teaching quality evaluation of physical education. First of all, a related literature review is conducted. What’s more, some necessary theories related to IFSs are briefly reviewed. In addition, since subjective randomness frequently exists in determining criteria weights, the weights of criteria are decided objectively by utilizing CRITIC method. Afterwards, relying on novel distance measures between IFNs, the conventional TOPSIS method is extended to the intuitionistic fuzzy environment to calculate assessment score of each alternative. Eventually, an application about teaching quality evaluation of physical education and some comparative analysis have been given. The results think that the designed method is useful for teaching quality evaluation of physical education. Show more

Keywords: Multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM), intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), TOPSIS method, CRITIC method, teaching quality evaluation, physical education

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201672

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9227-9236, 2021

Authors: Liu, Peide | Khan, Qaisar | Mahmood, Tahir | Khan, Rashid Ali | Khan, Hidayat Ullah

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Pythagorean fuzzy set (PyFS) is an extension of various fuzzy concepts, such as fuzzy set (FS), intuitionistic FS, and it is enhanced mathematical gizmo to pact with uncertain and vague information. In this article, some drawbacks in the Dombi operational rules for Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (PyFNs) are examined and some improved Dombi operational laws for PyFNs are developed. We also find out that the value aggregated using the existing Dombi aggregation operators (DAOs) is not a PyFN. Furthermore, we developed two new aggregations, improved existing aggregation operators (AOs) for aggregating Pythagorean fuzzy information (PyFI) and are applied to multiple-attribute decision …making (MADM). To acquire full advantage of power average (PA) operators proposed by Yager, the Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi power average (PyFDPA) operator, the Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi weighted power average (PyFDWPA) operator, Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi power geometric (PyFDPG) operator, Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi weighted geometric (PyFDPWG) operator, improved the existing AOs and their desirable properties are discussed. The foremost qualities of these developed Dombi power aggregation operators is that they purge the cause of discomfited data and are more supple due to general parameter. Additionally, based on these Dombi power AOs, a novel MADM approach is instituted. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the realism and efficacy of the proposed approach and judgment with the existing approaches is also specified. Show more

Keywords: Pythagorean fuzzy set, PA operator, Dombi t-norm and Dombi t-conorm, MADM

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201723

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9237-9257, 2021

Authors: Liu, Man | Zhang, Hongjun | Hao, Wenning | Qi, Xiuli | Cheng, Kai | Jin, Dawei | Feng, Xinliang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It is a challenge for existing artificial intelligence algorithms to deal with incomplete information of computer tactical wargames in military research, and one effective method is to take advantage of game replays based on data mining or supervised learning. However, the open source datasets of wargame replays are extremely rare, which obstruct the development of research on computer wargames. In this paper, a data set of wargame replays is opened for predicting algorithm on the condition of incomplete information, to be specific, we propose the dataset processing method for deep learning and an network model for enemy locations predicting. We …first introduce the criteria and methods of data preprocessing, parsing and feature extraction, then the training set and test set for deep learning are predefined. Furthermore, we have designed a newly specific network model for enemy locations predicting, including multi-head input, multi-head output, CNN and GRU layers to deal with the multi-agent and long-term memory problems. The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves good performance of 84.9% on top-50 accuracy. Finally, we open source the data set and methods on https://github.com/daman043/AAGWS-Wargame-master. Show more

Keywords: Incomplete information, dataset, tactical wargame, locations prediction, deep learning, prediction model

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201726

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9259-9275, 2021

Authors: Jia, Heming | Lang, Chunbo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is a meta-heuristic algorithm proposed in recent years, which shows certain advantages in solving some optimization tasks. However, with the increasing difficulty of solving the problem (e.g. multi-modal, high-dimensional), the convergence accuracy and stability of SSA algorithm decrease. In order to overcome the drawbacks, salp swarm algorithm with crossover scheme and Lévy flight (SSACL) is proposed. The crossover scheme and Lévy flight strategy are used to improve the movement patterns of salp leader and followers, respectively. Experiments have been conducted on various test functions, including unimodal, multimodal, and composite functions. The experimental results indicate that the …proposed SSACL algorithm outperforms other advanced algorithms in terms of precision, stability, and efficiency. Furthermore, the Wilcoxon’s rank sum test illustrates the advantages of proposed method in a statistical and meaningful way. Show more

Keywords: Salp swarm algorithm, crossover scheme, Lévy flight, functions optimization

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201737

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9277-9288, 2021

Authors: Huang, Jinfang | Jin, Xin | Lee, Shin-Jye | Huang, Shanshan | Jiang, Qian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Since the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) was proposed by Atanassov, many explorations of this particular fuzzy set were conducted. One of the most important areas is the study of similarity and distance between IFSs, which can measure the degree of deviation of objects with uncertain and vague features, and this technique has great value and potential to solve the fuzzy and uncertain problems in the real world. Based on our previous similarity/distance measure model D JJ  (α , β ), a new method is proposed for improving the performance of similarity/distance measure model of IFSs, which is derived from …the sum of the areas of two triangles constructed by the transformed isosceles triangles of two IFSs. A great effort is made to prove the validity of the proposed method by mathematical derivation. In order to further demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, we apply this method to solve some practical problems such as pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, and cluster analysis. In addition, we also list a series of the existing methods which are used to compare with the proposed method to prove the effectiveness and superiority. The experimental results confirm that the performance of the proposed method exceeds most of the existing methods. Show more

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy set, similarity/distance measure, transformed isosceles triangle fuzzy number, decision-making, cluster analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201763

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9289-9309, 2021

Authors: Kalsum, Tehmina | Mehmood, Zahid | Kulsoom, Farzana | Chaudhry, Hassan Nazeer | Khan, Amjad Rehman | Rashid, Muhammad | Saba, Tanzila

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Facial emotion recognition system (FERS) recognize the person’s emotions based on various image processing stages including feature extraction as one of the major processing steps. In this study, we presented a hybrid approach for recognizing facial expressions by performing the feature level fusion of a local and a global feature descriptor that is classified by a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Histogram of oriented gradients (HoG) is selected for the extraction of global facial features and local intensity order pattern (LIOP) to extract the local features. As HoG is a shape-based descriptor, with the help of edge information, it can …extract the deformations caused in facial muscles due to changing emotions. On the contrary, LIOP works based on the information of pixels intensity order and is invariant to change in image viewpoint, illumination conditions, JPEG compression, and image blurring as well. Thus both the descriptors proved useful to recognize the emotions effectively in the images captured in both constrained and realistic scenarios. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated based on the lab-constrained datasets including CK+, TFEID, JAFFE as well as on realistic datasets including SFEW, RaF, and FER-2013 dataset. The optimal recognition accuracy of 99.8%, 98.2%, 93.5%, 78.1%, 63.0%, 56.0% achieved respectively for CK+, JAFFE, TFEID, RaF, FER-2013 and SFEW datasets respectively. Show more

Keywords: Facial emotion recognition, histogram-of-oriented-gradients, local intensity order pattern, support vector machine, texture features

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201799

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9311-9331, 2021

Authors: Keikha, Abazar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Uncertainty has long been explored as an objective and inalienable reality, and then modeled via different theories such as probability theory, fuzzy sets (FSs) theory, vague sets, etc. Hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) as a generalization of FSs, because of their flexibility and capability, extended and applied in many practical problems very soon. However, the above theories cannot meet all the scientific needs of researchers. For example, in some decision-making problems we encounter predetermined definite data, which have inductive uncertainties. In other words, the numbers themselves are crisp in nature, but are associated with varying degrees of satisfaction or fairness from …the perspective of each decision-maker/judge. To this end, in this article, hesitant fuzzy numbers as a generalization of hesitant fuzzy sets will be introduced. Some concepts such as the operation laws, the arithmetic operations, the score function, the variance of hesitant fuzzy numbers, and a way to compare hesitant fuzzy numbers will be proposed. Mean-based aggregation operators of hesitant fuzzy numbers, i.e. hesitant fuzzy weighted arithmetic averaging (HWAA), hesitant fuzzy weighted geometric averaging (HWGA), hesitant fuzzy ordered weighted arithmetic averaging (HOWAA), and hesitant fuzzy ordered weighted geometric averaging (HOWGA) operators have been discussed in this paper, too. These new concepts will be used to model, and solve an uncertain multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. The proposed method will be illustrated by a numerical example and the validity of the obtained solution will be checked by test criteria. Show more

Keywords: Hesitant fuzzy numbers, hesitant fuzzy sets, self-assessment, hesitant fuzzy averaging, hesitant fuzzy weighted averaging

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201808

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9333-9344, 2021

Authors: Liu, Haiqing | Li, Daoxing | Li, Yuancheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Reading digits from natural images is a challenging computer vision task central to a variety of emerging applications. However, the increased scalability and complexity of datasets or complex applications bring about inevitable label noise. Because the label noise in the scene digit recognition dataset is sequence-like, most existing methods cannot deal with label noise in scene digit recognition. We propose a novel sequence class-label noise filter called Confident Sequence Learning. Confident Sequence Learning consists of two critical parts: the sequence-like confidence segmentation algorithm and the Confident Learning method. The sequence-like confidence segmentation algorithms slice the sequence-like labels and the sequence-like …predicted probabilities, reorganize them in the form of the independent stochastic process and the white noise process. The Confident Learning method estimates the joint distribution between observed labels and latent labels using the segmented labels and probabilities. The TRDG dataset and SVHN dataset experiments showed that the confident sequence learning could find label errors with high accuracy and significantly improve the VGG-Attn and the TPS-ResNet-Attn model’s performance in the presence of synthetic sequence class-label noise. Show more

Keywords: Scene digit recognition, label noise, confident learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201825

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9345-9359, 2021

Authors: Iqbal, Naeem | Ahmad, Rashid | Jamil, Faisal | Kim, Do-Hyeun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Quality prediction plays an essential role in the business outcome of the product. Due to the business interest of the concept, it has extensively been studied in the last few years. Advancement in machine learning (ML) techniques and with the advent of robust and sophisticated ML algorithms, it is required to analyze the factors influencing the success of the movies. This paper presents a hybrid features prediction model based on pre-released and social media data features using multiple ML techniques to predict the quality of the pre-released movies for effective business resource planning. This study aims to integrate pre-released and …social media data features to form a hybrid features-based movie quality prediction (MQP) model. The proposed model comprises of two different experimental models; (i) predict movies quality using the original set of features and (ii) develop a subset of features based on principle component analysis technique to predict movies success class. This work employ and implement different ML-based classification models, such as Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machines with the linear and quadratic kernel (L-SVM and Q-SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Bagged Tree (BT) and Boosted Tree (BOT), to predict the quality of the movies. Different performance measures are utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed ML-based classification models, such as Accuracy (AC), Precision (PR), Recall (RE), and F-Measure (FM). The experimental results reveal that BT and BOT classifiers performed accurately and produced high accuracy compared to other classifiers, such as DT, LR, LSVM, and Q-SVM. The BT and BOT classifiers achieved an accuracy of 90.1% and 89.7%, which shows an efficiency of the proposed MQP model compared to other state-of-art- techniques. The proposed work is also compared with existing prediction models, and experimental results indicate that the proposed MQP model performed slightly better compared to other models. The experimental results will help the movies industry to formulate business resources effectively, such as investment, number of screens, and release date planning, etc. Show more

Keywords: Movie quality prediction, machine learning, data mining, business intelligence, predictive analytics

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201844

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9361-9382, 2021

Authors: Chen, Huiping

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  This paper aims to put forward a hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) method based on the weighted power aggregation operators in social network. From the point of view of social network analysis, decision makers (DMs) are interconnected in the process of MAGDM. Furthermore, the dimension of the obtained hesitant fuzzy element (HFE) by original power operators will be greater with the increasing number of attributes and alternatives and DMs, which will lead to the problem of “intermediate expression swell". This paper combines the order operation laws with the power operators to redefine two novel hesitant fuzzy power aggregation …operators to simplify the involved calculation and explore new operators’ properties. Meanwhile, when two given elements have different number of values, we use the strength of social ties and social influence to develop an algorithm for extending the HFEs objectively. On the other hand, the PageRank algorithm and the deviation method are used to determine DMs’ combined weights. The feasibility of the proposed hesitant fuzzy MAGDM method based on social network is illustrated by the application to the actual issue of decision making and the comparative analysis with the existing method. Show more

Keywords: Group decision making, hesitant fuzzy set, social network, power operator, PageRank algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201859

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9383-9401, 2021

Authors: Jia, Zhifu | Liu, Xinsheng | Zhang, Yu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Uncertain pantograph differential equation (UPDE for short) is a special unbounded uncertain delay differential equation. Stability in measure, stability almost surely and stability in p -th moment for uncertain pantograph differential equation have been investigated, which are not applicable for all situations, for the sake of completeness, this paper mainly gives the concept of stability in distribution, and proves the sufficient condition for uncertain pantograph differential equation being stable in distribution. In addition, the relationships among stability almost surely, stability in measure, stability in p -th moment, and stability in distribution for the uncertain pantograph differential equation are also discussed.

Keywords: uncertainty theory, uncertain pantograph differential equation, stability in distribution, the relationships among stabilities

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201864

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9403-9411, 2021

Authors: Bhullar, Amrit Kaur | Kaur, Ranjit | Sondhi, Swati

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Today optimization algorithms are widely used in every application to increase quality, quantity and efficiency of making products as well as to minimize the production cost. Most of the techniques applied on different applications try to satisfy more than one parameter of interest in the design problem. In doing so, an objective function based on weighted aggregation has been designed to fulfill multi-objective optimization (MOO). A lot of computational time and energy is wasted in tuning the value of weighting factor in terms of number of trials each having hundreds of iterations to achieve the optimum solution. To reduce such …tedious practice of adjustment of weighting factor with multiple iterations, Fuzzy technique is proposed for auto-tuning of weighting factor in this paper that will benefit the researchers who are working upon optimization of their designed objectives using artificial intelligence techniques. This paper proposes MOO settlement method that does not require complex mathematical equations in order to simplify the weight finding problem of weighted aggregation objective function (WAOF). The results have been compared in terms of time and space efficiency to show the importance of Fuzzy-WAOF (F-WAOF). Further the results taken on Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) system for set point tracking, load disturbance, controller effort and modelling errors, prove the superior performance of the proposed method as compared to state of the art techniques. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy technique, optimization techniques, weighted aggregation objective function (WAOF), weighting factor, automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201911

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9413-9436, 2021

Authors: Durairaj, M. | Asha, J. Hirudhaya Mary

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Biometric features are used to verify the people identity in the living places like smart apartments. To increase the chance of classification and recognition rate, the recognizing procedure contains various steps such as detection of silhouette from the gait profile, silhouette segmentation, reading features from the silhouette, classification of features and finally recognition of person using its probability value. Person recognition accuracy will be oscillated and declined due to blockage, radiance and posture variance problems. In the proposed work, the gait profile will be formed by capturing the gait of a targeted person in stipulated time to reach the destination. …From the profile the silhouettes are detected using frame difference and segmented from the background using immediate thresholding and features are extracted from the silhouette using gray-level covariance matrix and optimized feature set is formed using PSO. These optimized features are fused, trained and classified using nearest neighbor support vectors. The fuzzy probability method is used for recognizing the person based on the probability value of the authentic and imposter scores. The relationship between the CMS, TPR, TNR and F-rate are calculated for 1 : 1 matcher from the gallery set. The performance of the classifiers are found to be perfect by plotting the DET graph and ROC curve. The proposed fuzzy probability theory is mingled with GLCMPSO and NSFV method for human recognition purpose. The performance of the proposed is proved to be acceptable for recognition with the optimal parameters (Entropy, SSIM, PSNR, CQM) calculation From the work, it is clear that, the rank probability is proportional to the match score value of the silhouette stored in the gallery. Show more

Keywords: Gait cycle, silhouette image, feature detection, feature extraction, feature classification, person recognition using fuzzy probability

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201913

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9437-9452, 2021

Authors: Kumar, Rajeev | Singh, Laxman | Tiwari, Rajdev

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Path planning for robots plays a vital role to seek the most feasible path due to power requirement, environmental factors and other limitations. The path planning for the autonomous robots is tedious task as the robot needs to locate a suitable path to move between the source and destination points with multifaceted nature. In this paper, we introduced a new technique named modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO) algorithm to solve the path planning problem for multi-robots. MGWO is modified version of conventional grey wolf optimization (GWO) that belongs to the category of metaheuristic algorithms. This has gained wide popularity for …an optimization of different parameters in the discrete search space to solve various problems. The prime goal of the proposed methodology is to determine the optimal path while maintaining a sufficient distance from other objects and moving robots. In MGWO method, omega wolves are treated equally as those of delta wolves in exploration process that helps in escalating the convergence speed and minimizing the execution time. The simulation results show that MGWO gives satisfactory performance than other state of art methods for path planning of multiple mobile robots. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the standard evolutionary algorithms viz., Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Intelligent BAT Algorithm (IBA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Variable Weight Grey Wolf Optimization (VW-GWO) and yielded better results than all of these. Show more

Keywords: Meta-heuristic, particle swarm optimization, intelligent BAT algorithm, grey wolf optimization (GWO), modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO), variable weight grey wolf optimization (VW-GWO)

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201926

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9453-9470, 2021

Authors: Jin, Yilun | Liu, Yanan | Zhang, Wenyu | Zhang, Shuai | Lou, Yu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the advancement of machine learning, credit scoring can be performed better. As one of the widely recognized machine learning methods, ensemble learning has demonstrated significant improvements in the predictive accuracy over individual machine learning models for credit scoring. This study proposes a novel multi-stage ensemble model with multiple K-means-based selective undersampling for credit scoring. First, a new multiple K-means-based undersampling method is proposed to deal with the imbalanced data. Then, a new selective sampling mechanism is proposed to select the better-performing base classifiers adaptively. Finally, a new feature-enhanced stacking method is proposed to construct an effective ensemble model by …composing the shortlisted base classifiers. In the experiments, four datasets with four evaluation indicators are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, and the experimental results prove the superiority of the proposed model over other benchmark models. Show more

Keywords: Credit scoring, ensemble model, imbalanced learning, K-means, stacking

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201954

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9471-9484, 2021

Authors: Tang, Han | Li, Wenfei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Interest rate, stock and option are all important parts of finance. This paper applies uncertain differential equation to the study of the evolution of interest rate and stock price separately. Based on actual observations, we estimate the parameters in uncertain differential equation with the method of moments. Using the introduced interest rate and stock models, we price European options and compare the results with actual observations. Finally, a paradox of the stochastic financial model is stated.

Keywords: Uncertain differential equation, geometric Liu process, uncertain exponential Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, parameter estimation, European option pricing

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201955

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9485-9492, 2021

Authors: Nadeem, Asim | Kashif, Agha | Zafar, Sohail | Zahid, Zohaib

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The partition dimension is a variant of metric dimension in graphs. It has arising applications in the fields of network designing, robot navigation, pattern recognition and image processing. Let G  (V  (G ) , E  (G )) be a connected graph and Γ  = {P 1 , P 2 , …, P m } be an ordered m -partition of V  (G ). The partition representation of vertex v with respect to Γ is an m -vector r  (v |Γ ) = (d  (v , P 1 ) , d  (v , P 2 ) , …, d  (v , P m …)), where d  (v , P ) = min  {d  (v , x ) |x  ∈ P } is the distance between v and P . If the m -vectors r  (v |Γ ) differ in at least 2 positions for all v  ∈ V  (G ), then the m -partition is called a 2-partition generator of G . A 2-partition generator of G with minimum cardinality is called a 2-partition basis of G and its cardinality is known as the 2-partition dimension of G . Circulant graphs outperform other network topologies due to their low message delay, high connectivity and survivability, therefore are widely used in telecommunication networks, computer networks, parallel processing systems and social networks. In this paper, we computed partition dimension of circulant graphs C n  (1, 2) for n  ≡ 2 (mod 4), n  ≥ 18 and hence corrected the result given by Salman et al. [Acta Math. Sin. Engl. Ser. 2012, 28, 1851-1864]. We further computed the 2-partition dimension of C n  (1, 2) for n  ≥ 6. Show more

Keywords: Network topology design, Circulant graphs, partition dimension, k-partition dimension

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201982

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9493-9503, 2021

Authors: Wahid, Khola | Das, Angsuman | Rani, Anam | Amanat, Saira | Imran, Muhammad | Ali, Usman

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: There are several approaches to lower the complexity of huge networks. One of the key notions is that of twin nodes, exhibiting the same connection pattern to the rest of the network. We extend this idea by defining a twin preserving spanning subgraph (TPS-subgraph) of a simple graph as a tool to compute certain graph related invariants which are preserved by the subgraph. We discuss how these subgraphs preserve some distance based parameters of the simple graph. We introduce a sub-skeleton graph on a vector space and examine its basic properties. The sub-skeleton graph is a TPS-subgraph of the non-zero …component graph defined over a vector space. We prove that some parameters like the metric-dimension are preserved by the sub-skeleton graph. Show more

Keywords: Basis, graph, independent set, maximal clique, metric-dimension, twins, 05C12, 05C35

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201989

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9505-9513, 2021

Authors: Zeng, Qingtian | Zhao, Xishi | Hu, Xiaohui | Duan, Hua | Zhao, Zhongying | Li, Chao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Word embeddings have been successfully applied in many natural language processing tasks due to its their effectiveness. However, the state-of-the-art algorithms for learning word representations from large amounts of text documents ignore emotional information, which is a significant research problem that must be addressed. To solve the above problem, we propose an emotional word embedding (EWE ) model for sentiment analysis in this paper. This method first applies pre-trained word vectors to represent document features using two different linear weighting methods. Then, the resulting document vectors are input to a classification model and used to train a text sentiment classifier, …which is based on a neural network. In this way, the emotional polarity of the text is propagated into the word vectors. The experimental results on three kinds of real-world data sets demonstrate that the proposed EWE model achieves superior performances on text sentiment prediction, text similarity calculation, and word emotional expression tasks compared to other state-of-the-art models. Show more

Keywords: Sentiment analysis, word embedding, classification, representation learning

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201993

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9515-9527, 2021

Authors: Emeç, Şeyma | Akkaya, Gökay

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Energy consumption increases due to technological developments, urbanization, industrialization and population. The fact that the constantly increasing energy demand is not exactly known is an important issue for countries. In addition, due to changing climate conditions, the amount of emission emitted and energy produced from energy sources are also not quite known. Therefore, determining the energy demand, protecting the environment, and minimizing the energy cost by using resources effectively has become one of the most important problems of countries. In this context, the present study developed a fuzzy optimal renewable energy model (F-OREM) to solve the energy problem involving fuzzy …parameters. Fuzzy linear programming (FLP) models provide the best decision by producing faster and more flexible solutions compared to classical linear programming (CLP) models in situations where there are uncertainties and a lack of information. The purpose of the developed model was to minimize the cost of generating electrical energy from different energy sources in an uncertain environment under potential, demand, emission and efficiency constraints. The developed F-OREM was operated using CPLEX decoder in the GAMS 24.2.3 package program and using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) for ∝ different values between 0-1. The results showed that the results of the metaheuristic method and the results of the GAMS package program were the same, and the results were consistent. According to the results obtained, the emission level at which the objective function was minimum (when ∝=1) was at the lowest level. In this case, the total emitted amount was 1,06125E+14 g-CO2/kWh. In this context, the developed model can be applied using metaheuristic or heuristic methods for larger test cases with thousands of variables. This study contributed to the practicality of FLP by offering decision-makers a wider solution area than the CLP approach. Show more

Keywords: Energy economics, energy policy, fuzzy programming, mathematical model, optimization

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-201994

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9529-9542, 2021

Authors: Liu, Peide | Wang, Dongyang | Zhang, Hui | Yan, Liang | Li, Ying | Rong, Lili

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: T-spherical fuzzy numbers (FNs), which add an abstinence degree based on membership and non-membership degrees, can express neutral information conveniently and have a considerable large range of information expression. The normal FNs (NFNs) are very available to characterize normal distribution phenomenon widely existing in social life. In this paper, we first define the normal T-SFNs (NT-SFNs) which can combine the advantages of T-SFNs and NFNs. Then, we define their operational laws, score value, and accuracy value. By considering the interrelationship among multi-input parameters, we propose the Maclaurin symmetric mean operator with NT-SFNs (NT-SFMSM) and its weighted form (NT-SFWMSM). Furthermore, we …study some characteristics and special cases of them. Based on the NT-SFWMSM operator, we put forward a novel multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach. Finally, some numerical examples are conducted to prove that the proposed approach is valid and superior to some other existing methods. Show more

Keywords: MADM, normal T-spherical fuzzy numbers, normal distribution

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202000

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9543-9565, 2021

Authors: Tak, Nihat | Egrioglu, Erol | Bas, Eren | Yolcu, Ufuk

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Intuitionistic meta fuzzy forecast combination functions are introduced in the paper. There are two challenges in the forecast combination literature, determining the optimum weights and the methods to combine. Although there are a few studies on determining the methods, there are numerous studies on determining the optimum weights of the forecasting methods. In this sense, the questions like “What methods should we choose in the combination?” and “What combination function or the weights should we choose for the methods” are handled in the proposed method. Thus, the first two contributions that the paper aims to propose are to obtain the …optimum weights and the proper forecasting methods in combination functions by employing meta fuzzy functions (MFFs). MFFs are recently introduced for aggregating different methods on a specific topic. Although meta-analysis aims to combine the findings of different primary studies, MFFs aim to aggregate different methods based on their performances on a specific topic. Thus, forecasting is selected as the specific topic to propose a novel forecast combination approach inspired by MFFs in this study. Another contribution of the paper is to improve the performance of MFFs by employing intuitionistic fuzzy c-means. 14 meteorological datasets are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Results showed that the proposed method can be a handy tool for dealing with forecasting problems. The outstanding performance of the proposed method is verified in terms of RMSE and MAPE. Show more

Keywords: Forecast combination, meta-analysis, intuitionistic fuzzy c-means, meta fuzzy functions, meteorology

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202021

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9567-9581, 2021

Authors: Li, Chenliang | Yu, Xiaobing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Communities are the fundamental units of society, and community-based disaster management is the foundation of societal disaster management systems. It is important to implement disaster prevention and mobilize all residents in the community to participate in preparedness activities. However, people’s attitudes and understanding of these issues are often ambiguous because meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation (MDPM) is complex. A hybrid model based on probabilistic term sets (PLTSs) and PROMETHEE method is put forward to solve this problem. To solve the problem from the view of big data, the experimental data are from Baidu’s disaster prevention and mitigation questionnaires. The data …of these questionnaires are aggregated through PLTSs. Then, the PROMETHEE method is used to learn about the public’s understanding of community meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation (CMDPM) information and their willingness to participate in activities. The results indicate that communities in East, Northwest, Southwest, and North China have a higher willingness to join volunteer services. The proposed model makes it more convenient for decision-makers (DMs) to describe problems by PLTSs and is more appropriate for individuals’ understanding and communication. Show more

Keywords: Meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation, PROMETHEE method, community-based disaster management

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202026

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9583-9595, 2021

Authors: Jiang, Kui | Shang, Yujuan | Wang, Lei | Zhang, Zheqing | Zhou, Siwei | Dong, Jiancheng | Wu, Huiqun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study aims to propose a framework for developing a sharable predictive model of diabetic nephropathy (DN) to improve the clinical efficiency of automatic DN detection in data intensive clinical scenario. Different classifiers have been developed for early detection, while the heterogeneity of data makes meaningful use of such developed models difficult. Decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) were adopted as training classifiers in de-identified electronic medical record dataset from 6,745 patients with diabetes. After model construction, the obtained classification rules from classifier were coded in a standard PMML file. A total of 39 clinical features from 2159 labeled …patients were included as risk factors in DN prediction after data preprocessing. The mean testing accuracy of the DT classifier was 0.8, which was consistent to that of the RF classifier (0.823). The DT classifier was choose to recode as a set of operable rules in PMML file that could be transferred and shared, which indicates the proposed framework of constructing a sharable prediction model via PMML is feasible and will promote the interoperability of trained classifiers among different institutions, thus achieving meaningful use of clinical decision making. This study will be applied to multiple sites to further verify feasibility. Show more

Keywords: Meaningful use, prediction model, diabetic nephropathy, real world data

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202030

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9597-9608, 2021

Authors: Chen, Xiangtang | Sun, Bingzhen | Zhang, Xinrui | Qi, Chang | Chu, Xiaoli | Wang, Ting | Huang, Yantai

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Linguistic variable is an effective method of representation the preferences of a decision-maker for inaccuracy available information in decision making under uncertainty. This article investigates a multiple attribute ranking decision making problem with linguistic preference by using linguistic value soft rough set. Firstly, we present the definition of linguistic value fuzzy set by introducing the concept of linguistic variable into the original Zadeh’s fuzzy set. We then define the concept of linguistic value soft set and the pseudo linguistic value soft set over the alternative set and parameter set of discourse. Moreover, we investigate the basic operators and the mathematical …properties of the linguistic value soft set. Subsequently, we establish the rough approximation of an uncertainty concept with linguistic value over the object set and parameter set, i.e., the linguistic value soft rough set model. Meanwhile, we discuss several deformations of the linguistic value soft rough lower and upper approximations as well as some fundamental properties of the linguistic value soft approximation operators. With reference on the exploring of the fundamental of linguistic value soft rough set, we construct a new method for handling with the multiple attribute ranking decision making problems with linguistic information by combining the proposed soft rough set and the VIKOR method. Then, we give the detailed decision procedure and steps for the established decision approach. At last, an extensive numerical example is further conducted to illustrate the process of the decision making principle and the results are satisfactory. The main contribution of this paper is twofold. One is to provide a new model of granular computing by infusion the soft set and rough set theory with linguistic valued information. Another is to try making a new way to handle multiple attribute decision making problems based on linguistic value soft rough set and the VIKOR method. Show more

Keywords: Rough set, Soft set, Linguistic variable, Linguistic value soft approximation space, VIKOR method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202085

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9609-9626, 2021

Authors: Ansar, Wazib | Goswami, Saptarsi | Chakrabarti, Amlan | Chakraborty, Basabi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) has become a trending research domain due to its ability to transform lives as well as the technical challenges involved in it. In this paper, a unique set of rules has been formulated to extract aspect-opinion phrases. It helps to reduce the average sentence length by 84% and the complexity of the text by 50%. A modified rank-based version of Term-Frequency - Inverse-Document-Frequency (TF-IDF) has been proposed to identify significant aspects. An innovative word representation technique has been applied for aspect categorization which identifies both local as well as global context of a word. For sentiment …classification, pre-trained Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has been applied as it helps to capture long-term dependencies and reduce the overhead of training the model from scratch. However, BERT has drawbacks like quadratic drop in efficiency with an increase in sequence length which is limited to 512 tokens. The proposed methodology mitigates these drawbacks of a typical BERT classifier accompanied by a rise in efficiency along with an improvement of 8% in its accuracy. Furthermore, it yields enhanced performance and efficiency compared to other state-of-the-art methods. The assertions have been established through extensive analysis upon movie reviews and Sentihood data-sets. Show more

Keywords: Aspect-based sentiment analysis, aspect extraction, BERT, TF-IDF, word embedding

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202140

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9627-9644, 2021

Authors: Pirozmand, Poria | Kalantari, Kimia Rezaei | Ebrahimnejad, Ali | Motameni, Homayun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Many methods have been presented in recent years for identifying the quality of agricultural products using machine vision that due to the huge amount of redundant information and noisy data of images of products, the retrieval accuracy and speed of such methods were not much acceptable. All of them try to provide approaches to extract efficient features and determine optimal methods to measure similarity between images. One of the basic problems of these methods is determination of desirable features of the user as well as using an appropriate similarity measure. This study tries to recognize the importance of each feature …according to user’s opinion in every feedback stage through using weighted feature vector, rough theory and fuzzy logic for identifying important features and finding a higher accuracy in retrieval result. The proposed method is compared with fuzzy color histogram, combined approach and fuzzy neighborhood entropy characterized by color location. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method has higher applicability in image marketing compared to the existing methods. Show more

Keywords: Quality evaluation, machine vision, rough theory, fuzzy logic, image processing

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202147

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9645-9654, 2021

Authors: Zhang, Pengdan | Liu, Qing | Kang, Bingyi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) is an important part of modern decision-making science. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) is a popular model to deal with the issue of MADM for its flexible and effective advantages. However, The traditional Fuzzy AHP with some limitations does not consider the preference (attitude) of decision makers (DMs). In addition, some ideas of combining Ordered Weighted Average (OWA) and Fuzzy AHP don’t investigated the MADM well. Some programs are only applicable to a few examples, and more general cases do not result in effective decision making. Considering these shortcomings, an OWA-Fuzzy AHP decision model using OWA …weights and Fuzzy AHP is proposed in this paper. Our contribution is that the proposed method can handle situations where the degree of fuzzy synthesis is not intersected. Moreover, the loss of information can be reduced in the process of applying the proposed method, so that the decision result is more reasonable than the previous methods. Several examples and comparative experimental simulation are given to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(Fuzzy AHP), ordered weighted average (OWA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), uncertain preferences, multi-attribute decision-making (MADM)

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202168

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9655-9668, 2021

Authors: Shi, Honghua | Ni, Yaodong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Today’s supply chains have a greater likelihood of disruption risks than ever before. Sometimes, a lengthy recovery period is needed for supply chains to return to regular operation after being disrupted. During the recovery time window, how to increase the performance of supply chains is not sufficiently studied. Furthermore, the works considering parameter uncertainty arising from the lack of historical data are also limited. To address these problems, we formulate the recovery scheduling of supply chains under major disruption as mixed-integer linear programming models. In the presented models, outsourcing strategy and capacity expansion strategy are introduced to increase the service …level of the supply chain after the disruption. The effects of disruption risks on supply chain performance are quantified using uncertainty theory in the absence of historical data. A set of computational examples illustrate that cost may increase markedly when more facilities are disrupted simultaneously. Thus, decision-makers have to pay close attention to supply chain disruption management and plan for disruption in advance. Moreover, the results suggest that outsourcing strategy is more useful to reduce cost when a higher service level is required. Show more

Keywords: Supply chain, facility disruptions, recovery strategies, uncertainty

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202176

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9669-9686, 2021

Authors: Bao, Jun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The dual generalized Bonferroni mean (DGBM) operator is a meaningful decision-making tool which can consider the relationship between any numbers of being fused arguments and has been applied to many MAGDM domains in past few years. The intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), which is characterized by the functions of membership degree and non-membership degree, has been investigated by numerous scholars. In this manuscript, combine the DGBM operator and IFSs, the major contribution and objective of the work is to develop two new aggregation operators: the dual generalized intuitionistic fuzzy BM (DGIFBM) operator and the dual generalized intuitionistic fuzzy weighted BM (DGIFWBM) …operator. The last, we give an application example for evaluating the green technological innovation ability of the enterprises and some comparative analysis to testify the effective and scientific of our developed methods. Show more

Keywords: Multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM), intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), DGBM operator, DGIFBM operator, DGIFWBM operator, green technological innovation ability of the enterprises

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202194

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9687-9707, 2021

Authors: Xu, Di | Wang, Zhili

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper proposes a better semi-supervised semantic segmentation network using an improved generative adversarial network. It is important for the discriminator on the pixel level to know whether it correctly distinguishes the predicted probability map. However, currently there is no correlation between the actual credibility and the confidence map generated by the pixel-level discriminator. We study this problem and a new network is proposed, which includes one generator and two discriminators. One of the discriminators can output more reliable confidence maps on the pixel level and the other is trained to generate the probability on the image level, which is …used as the dynamic threshold in the semi-supervised module instead of being set manually. In addition, the trusted region shared by the two discriminators is used to provide the semi-supervised reference. Through experiments on the PASCAL VOC 2012 and Cityscapes datasets, the proposed network brings better gains, proving the effectiveness of the network. Show more

Keywords: Semi-supervise semantic segmentation, generative adversarial network, confidence map

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202220

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9709-9719, 2021

Authors: Ayyub, Kashif | Iqbal, Saqib | Nisar, Muhammad Wasif | Ahmad, Saima Gulzar | Munir, Ehsan Ullah

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Sentiment analysis is the field that analyzes sentiments, and opinions of people about entities such as products, businesses, and events. As opinions influence the people’s behaviors, it has numerous applications in real life such as marketing, politics, social media etc. Stance detection is the sub-field of sentiment analysis. The stance classification aims to automatically identify from the source text, whether the source is in favor, neutral, or opposed to the target. This research study proposed a framework to explore the performance of the conventional (NB, DT, SVM), ensemble learning (RF, AdaBoost) and deep learning-based (DBN, CNN-LSTM, and RNN) machine learning …techniques. The proposed method is feature centric and extracted the (sentiment, content, tweet specific and part-of-speech ) features from both datasets of SemEval2016 and SemEval2017. The proposed study has also explored the role of deep features such as GloVe and Word2Vec for stance classification which has not received attention yet for stance detection. Some base line features such as Bag of words, N-gram, TF-IDF are also extracted from both datasets to compare the proposed features along with deep features. The proposed features are ranked using feature ranking methods such as (information gain, gain ration and relief-f). Further, the results are evaluated using standard performance evaluation measures for stance classification with existing studies. The calculated results show that the proposed feature sets including sentiment, (part-of-speech, content , and tweet specific) are helpful for stance classification when applied with SVM and GloVe a deep feature has given the best results when applied with deep learning method RNN. Show more

Keywords: Stance classification, deep learning, deep features, sentiment analysis, content based

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202269

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9721-9740, 2021

Authors: Xu, Junxiang | Guo, Jingni | Sun, Yongdong | Tang, Qiuyu | Zhang, Jin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We not only firstly applied the theory of hub-and-spoke network to the field of integrated transportation network planning, but also combined our proposed method with Sichuan-Tibet railway, one of super large projects in China, to discuss the optimization and the layout of hub-and-spoke integrated transportation network along the Sichuan-Tibet railway after it is put into operation in the future and put forward some directional policy recommendations. In our study, we have made clear the topological structure of the multi hub and single allocation hybrid hub-and-spoke integrated transportation network in the passenger transportation corridors, established the integer programming model aiming at …the minimum generalized travel cost in the network, and we designed the simulated annealing algorithm to solve this problem. In the empirical study, we find that if 5 nodes are selected as hub nodes in hub-and-spoke integrated transportation network, the generalized cost of network travel will be minimized and these specific location of 5 hub nodes can be determined by the selecting principle of hub nodes location, which we proposed in our study. The simulated annealing algorithm can help us to find the connection relationship between nodes. Then we can achieve three types of hub-and-spoke integrated transportation network layout patterns with railway, highway and aviation as the hub nodes. Though further comparative analysis, we find that it is more feasible to choose the integrated transportation network with railway nodes as the hub in transportation organization. Based on this understanding, we put forward policy recommendations on transportation organization to support high-quality planning and operation of integrated transportation network to Sichuan Tibet region in China in the future. Show more

Keywords: Sichuan-Tibet railway, comprehensive transportation network, multiple hubs and single allocation, simulated annealing algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202276

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9741-9763, 2021

Authors: Liu, Fang | Liu, Yi | Abdullah, Saleem

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Based on decision theory rough sets (DTRSs), three-way decisions (TWDs) provide a risk decision method for solving multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problems. The loss function matrix of DTRS is the basis of this method. In order to better solve the uncertainty and ambiguity of the decision problem, we introduce the q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs) into the loss function. Firstly, we introduce concepts of q-rung orthopair fuzzy β -covering (q-ROF β -covering) and q-rung orthopair fuzzy β -neighborhood (q-ROF β -neighborhood). We combine covering-based q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough set (Cq-ROFRS) with the loss function matrix of DTRS in the q-rung …orthopair fuzzy environment. Secondly, we propose a new model of q-ROF β -covering DTRSs (q-ROFCDTRSs) and elaborate its relevant properties. Then, by using membership and non-membership degrees of q-ROFNs, five methods for solving expected losses based on q-ROFNs are given and corresponding TWDs are also derived. On this basis, we present an algorithm based on q-ROFCDTRSs for MADM. Then, the feasibility of these five methods in solving the MADM problems is verified by an example. Finally, the sensitivity of each parameter and the stability and effectiveness of these five methods are compared and analyzed. Show more

Keywords: Covering-based q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough sets, q-ROF β-covering decision-theoretic rough sets, q-ROF β-neighborhood, MADM, DTRSs

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202291

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9765-9785, 2021

Authors: YE, Lv | Yang, Yue | Zeng, Jian-Xu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The existing recommender system provides personalized recommendation service for users in online shopping, entertainment, and other activities. In order to improve the probability of users accepting the system’s recommendation service, compared with the traditional recommender system, the interpretable recommender system will give the recommendation reasons and results at the same time. In this paper, an interpretable recommendation model based on XGBoost tree is proposed to obtain comprehensible and effective cross features from side information. The results are input into the embedded model based on attention mechanism to capture the invisible interaction among user IDs, item IDs and cross features. The …captured interactions are used to predict the match score between the user and the recommended item. Cross-feature attention score is used to generate different recommendation reasons for different user-items.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the quality of recommendation. The transparency and readability of the recommendation process has been improved by providing reference reasons. This method can help users better understand the recommendation behavior of the system and has certain enlightenment to help the recommender system become more personalized and intelligent. Show more

Keywords: Intelligent recommendation, interpretability, XGBoost, attention mechanism, cross feature

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202308

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9787-9798, 2021

Authors: Ahmed, Dliouah | Dai, Binxiang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, we give a new notion of the picture m-polar fuzzy sets (Pm-PFSs) (i.e, combination between the picture fuzzy sets (PFSs) and the m-polar fuzzy sets (m-PFSs)) and study several of the structure operations including subset, equal, union, intersection, and complement. After that, the basic definitions, theorems, and examples on Pm-PFSs are explained. Also, the certain distance between two Pm-PFSs and a novel similarity measure for Pm-PFSs based on distances are defined. MCDM is animated for Pm-PFS data that take into account the distances for the best alternative (solution) by proposed an application of similarity measure for Pm-PFSs …in decision-making. Finally, we construct a new methodology to extend the TOPSIS to Pm-PFS in which capable of different objects recognizing belonging to the same family and illustrate its applicability via a numerical example. Show more

Keywords: Picture m-polar fuzzy set, distance measure, similarity measure, decision-making, multi-expert TOPSIS technique

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202309

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9799-9814, 2021

Authors: Akram, Muhammad | Shahzadi, Gulfam | Butt, Muhammad Arif | Karaaslan, Faruk

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Soft set (S f S ) theory is a basic tool to handle vague information with parameterized study during the process as compared to fuzzy as well as q -rung orthopair fuzzy theory. This research article is devoted to establish some general aggregation operators (AOs), based on Yager’s norm operations, to cumulate the q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft data in decision making environments. In this article, the valuable properties of q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft set (q  - ROFS f S ) are merged with the Yager operator to propose four new operators, namely, q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft …Yager weighted average (q  - ROFS f YWA ), q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager ordered weighted average (q  - ROFS f YOWA ), q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager weighted geometric (q  - ROFS f YWG ) and q -rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager ordered weighted geometric (q  - ROFS f YOWG ) operators. The dominant properties of proposed operators are elaborated. To emphasize the importance of proposed operators, a multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) strategy is presented along with an application in medical diagnosis. The comparative study shows superiorities of the proposed operators and limitations of the existing operators. The comparison with Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS (PF-TOSIS) method shows that PF-TOPSIS method cannot deal with data involving parametric study but developed operators have the ability to deal with decision making problems using parameterized information. Show more

Keywords: q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft numbers, Yager operators, aggregation operators, TOPSIS method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202336

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9815-9830, 2021

Authors: Zhao, Fuqiang | Zhu, Zhengyu | Han, Ping

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To measure semantic similarity between words, a novel model DFRVec that encodes multiple semantic information of a word in WordNet into a vector space is presented in this paper. Firstly, three different sub-models are proposed: 1) DefVec: encoding the definitions of a word in WordNet; 2) FormVec: encoding the part-of-speech (POS) of a word in WordNet; 3) RelVec: encoding the relations of a word in WordNet. Then by combining the three sub-models with an existing word embedding, the new model for generating the vector of a word is proposed. Finally, based on DFRVec and the path information in WordNet, a …new method DFRVec+Path to measure semantic similarity between words is presented. The experiments on ten benchmark datasets show that DFRVec+Path can outperform many existing methods on semantic similarity measurement. Show more

Keywords: Semantic similarity, WordNet, word embedding, POS, synset

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202337

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9831-9842, 2021

Authors: Bai, Luyi | Li, Nan | Liu, Lishuang | Hao, Xuesong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the rapid development of the environmental, meteorological and marine data management, fuzzy spatiotemporal data has received considerable attention. Even though some achievements in querying aspect have been made, there are still some unsolved problems. Semantic and structural heterogeneity may exist among different data sources, which will lead to incomplete results. In addition, there are ambiguous query intentions and conditions when the user queries the data. This paper proposes a fuzzy spatiotemporal data semantic model. Based on this model, the RDF local semantic models are converted into a RDF global semantic model after mapping relational data and XML data to …RDF local semantic models. The existing methods mainly convert relational data to RDF Schema directly. But our approach converts relational data to XML Schema and then converts it to RDF, which utilizes the semi-structured feature of XML schema to solve the structural heterogeneity between different data sources. The integration process enables us to perform global queries against different data sources. In the proposed query algorithms, the query conditions inputted are converted into exact queries before the results are returned. Finally, this paper has carried out extensive experiments, calculated the recall , precision and F-Score of the experimental results, and compared with other state-of-the-art query methods. It shows the importance of the data integration method and the effectiveness of the query method proposed in this paper. Show more

Keywords: Data integration, fuzzy query, fuzzy spatiotemporal data, RDF semantic model

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202357

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9843-9854, 2021

Authors: Guo, Shunsheng | Gao, Yuji | Guo, Jun | Yang, Zhijie | Du, Baigang | Li, Yibing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the aggravation of market competition, strategic supplier is becoming more and more critical for the success of manufacturing enterprises. Suppler selection, being the critical and foremost activity must ensure that selected suppliers are capable of supporting the long-term development of organizations. Hence, strategic supplier selection must be restructures considering the long-term relationships and prospects for sustainable cooperation. This paper proposes a novel multi-stage multi-attribute group decision making method under an interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy linguistic set (IVq-ROFLS) environment considering the decision makers’ (DMs) psychological state in the group decision-making process. First, the initial comprehensive fuzzy evaluations of DMs are …represented as IVq-ROFLS. Subsequently, two new operators are proposed for aggregating different stages and DMs’ preferences respectively by extending generalized weighted averaging (GWA) to IVq-ROFLS context. Later, a new hamming distance based linear programming method based on entropy measure and score function is introduced to evaluate the unknown criteria weights. Additionally, the Euclidean distance is employed to compute the gain and loss matrix, and objects are prioritized by extending the popular Prospect theory (PT) method to the IVq-ROFLS context. Finally, the practical use of the proposed decision framework is validated by using a strategic supplier selection problem, as well as the effectiveness and applicability of the framework are discussed by using comparative analysis with other methods. Show more

Keywords: Strategic supplier selection, multi-stage multi-attribute group decision making, interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy linguistic set, hamming distance based linear programming, prospect theory

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202415

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9855-9871, 2021

Authors: Ejegwa, Paul Augustine | Wen, Shiping | Feng, Yuming | Zhang, Wei | Chen, Jia

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Pythagorean fuzzy set is a reliable technique for soft computing because of its ability to curb indeterminate data when compare to intuitionistic fuzzy set. Among the several measuring tools in Pythagorean fuzzy environment, correlation coefficient is very vital since it has the capacity to measure interdependency and interrelationship between any two arbitrary Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs). In Pythagorean fuzzy correlation coefficient, some techniques of calculating correlation coefficient of PFSs (CCPFSs) via statistical perspective have been proposed, however, with some limitations namely; (i) failure to incorporate all parameters of PFSs which lead to information loss, (ii) imprecise results, and (iii) less …performance indexes. Sequel, this paper introduces some new statistical techniques of computing CCPFSs by using Pythagorean fuzzy variance and covariance which resolve the limitations with better performance indexes. The new techniques incorporate the three parameters of PFSs and defined within the range [-1, 1] to show the power of correlation between the PFSs and to indicate whether the PFSs under consideration are negatively or positively related. The validity of the new statistical techniques of computing CCPFSs is tested by considering some numerical examples, wherein the new techniques show superior performance indexes in contrast to the similar existing ones. To demonstrate the applicability of the new statistical techniques of computing CCPFSs, some multi-criteria decision-making problems (MCDM) involving medical diagnosis and pattern recognition problems are determined via the new techniques. Show more

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy set, Pythagorean fuzzy set, medical diagnosis, pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, correlation coefficient measure

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202469

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9873-9886, 2021

Authors: Wang, Jian | Zhu, Yuanguo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Uncertain delay differential equation is a class of functional differential equations driven by Liu process. It is an important model to describe the evolution process of uncertain dynamical system. In this paper, on the one hand, the analytic expression of a class of linear uncertain delay differential equations are investigated. On the other hand, the new sufficient conditions for uncertain delay differential equations being stable in measure and in mean are presented by using retarded-type Gronwall inequality. Several examples show that our stability conditions are superior to the existing results.

Keywords: Uncertainty theory, uncertain delay differential equation, analytic solution, stability

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202507

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9887-9897, 2021

Authors: Darabi, M. | Allahviranloo, T.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: According to a huge interest in implementation of the fuzzy Volterra integral equations, especially the second kind, researchers have been investigating to solve such equations using numerical methods since analytical ones might not be accessible usually. In this research paper, we introduce a new approach based on Fibonacci polynomials collocation method to numerically solve them. Several properties of such polynomials were considered to implement in the collocation method due to approximate the solution of the second kind of fuzzy Volterra integral equations. We approved the existence, uniqueness of the solution, convergence and the error analysis of the proposed method in …detail. In order to show the authenticity and applicability of the proposed method, we employed several illustrative examples. The numerical results show that the convergence and precision of the recent method were in a good settlement with the exact solution. Also, the calculations of the suggested method are simple and low computational complexity in respect to other methods as an advantage feature of the presented approach. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy Volterra integral equation, Fibonacci polynomial, collocation method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202523

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9899-9914, 2021

Authors: Liu, Peide | Wang, Xiyu | Teng, Fei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In today’s education industry, online teaching is increasingly becoming an important teaching way, and it is necessary to evaluate the quality of online teaching so as to improve the overall level of the education industry. The online teaching quality evaluation is a typical multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem, and its evaluation index can be expressed by linguistic term sets (LTSs) by decision makers (DMs). Especially, multi-granularity probabilistic linguistic term sets (MGPLTSs) produced from many DMs are more suitable to express complex fuzzy evaluation information, and they can not only provide different linguistic term set for different DMs the give their …preferences, but also reflect the importance of each linguistic term. Based on the advantages of MGPLTSs, in this paper, we propose a transformation function of MGPLTSs based on proportional 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model. On this basis, the operational laws and comparison rules of MGPLTSs are given. Then, we develop a new Choquet integral operator for MGPLTSs, which considers the relationship among attributes and does not need to consider the process of normalizing the probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs), and can effectively avoid the loss of evaluation information. At the same time, the properties of the proposed operator are also proved. Furthermore, we propose a new MAGDM method based on the new operator, and analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method by online teaching quality evaluation. Finally, by comparing with some existing methods, the advantages of the proposed method are shown. Show more

Keywords: Multiple-attribute group decision-making, online teaching quality evaluation, multi-granularity probabilistic linguistic term sets, Choquet integral

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202543

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9915-9935, 2021

Authors: Mama, Rachid | Machkour, Mustapha

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Nowadays several works have been proposed that allow users to perform fuzzy queries on relational databases. But most of these systems based on an additional software layer to translate a fuzzy query and a supplementary layer of a classic database management system (DBMS) to evaluate fuzzy predicates, which induces an important overhead. They are not also easy to implement by a non-expert user. Here we have proposed a simple and intelligent approach to extend the SQL language to allow us to write flexible conditions in our queries without the need for translation. The main idea is to use a view …to manipulate the satisfaction degrees related to user-defined fuzzy predicates, instead of calculating them at runtime employing user functions embedded in the query. Consequently, the response time of executing a fuzzy query statement will be reduced. This approach allows us to easily integrate most fuzzy request characters such as fuzzy modifiers, fuzzy quantifiers, fuzzy joins, etc. Moreover, we present a user-friendly interface to make it easy to use fuzzy linguistic values in all clauses of a select statement. The main contribution of this paper is to accelerate the execution of fuzzy query statements. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy query, fuzzy logic, fuzzy SQL, relational database, user interface

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202551

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9937-9948, 2021

Authors: Zhang, Wei Min | Zhang, Long | Zhang, Zheyu | Sun, Mingjun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the many varieties of AI hardware prevailing on the market, it is often hard to decide which one is the most suitable to use but not only with the best performance. As there is an industry-wide trend demand for deep learning deployment, the inference benchmark for the effectiveness of DNN processor becomes important and is of great help to select and optimize AI hardware. To systematically benchmark deep learning deployment platforms, and give more objective and useful metrics comparison. In this paper, an end to end benchmark evaluation system was brought up called IBD, it combined 4 steps include …three components with 6 metrics. The performance comparison results are obtained from the chipsets from Qualcomm, HiSilicon, and NVIDIA, which can provide hardware acceleration for AI inference. To comprehensively reflect the current status of the DNN processor deploying performance, we chose six devices from three kinds of deployment scenarios which are cloud, desktop and mobile, ten models from three different kinds of applications with diverse characteristics are selected, and all these models are trained from three major training frameworks. Several important observations were made by using our methodologies. Experimental results showed that workload diversity should focus on the difference came from training frameworks, inference frameworks with specific processors, input size and precision (floating and quantized). Show more

Keywords: AI, deep neural network processor, benchmark, end to end, inference

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202552

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9949-9961, 2021

Authors: Ding, Xiangwen | Wang, Shengsheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Melanoma is a very serious disease. The segmentation of skin lesions is a critical step for diagnosing melanoma. However, skin lesions possess the characteristics of large size variations, irregular shapes, blurring borders, and complex background information, thus making the segmentation of skin lesions remain a challenging problem. Though deep learning models usually achieve good segmentation performance for skin lesion segmentation, they have a large number of parameters and FLOPs, which limits their application scenarios. These models also do not make good use of low-level feature maps, which are essential for predicting detailed information. The Proposed EUnet-DGF uses MBconv to implement …its lightweight encoder and maintains a strong encoding ability. Moreover, the depth-aware gated fusion block designed by us can fuse feature maps of different depths and help predict pixels on small patterns. The experiments conducted on the ISIC 2017 dataset and PH2 dataset show the superiority of our model. In particular, EUnet-DGF only accounts for 19% and 6.8% of the original Unet in terms of the number of parameters and FLOPs. It possesses a great application potential in practical computer-aided diagnosis systems. Show more

Keywords: Skin lesion segmentation, dermoscopic images, deep learning, Unet, gated fusion

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202566

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9963-9975, 2021

Authors: Saleem, Naeem | Işık, Hüseyin | Furqan, Salman | Park, Choonkil

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy double controlled metric space that can be regarded as the generalization of fuzzy b -metric space, extended fuzzy b -metric space and controlled fuzzy metric space. We use two non-comparable functions α and β in the triangular inequality as: M q ( x , z , t α ( x , y ) + s β ( y , z ) ) ≥ M q ( x , y , t ) ∗ M q ( y , z , s ) . …We prove Banach contraction principle in fuzzy double controlled metric space and generalize the Banach contraction principle in aforementioned spaces. We give some examples to support our main results. An application to existence and uniqueness of solution for an integral equation is also presented in this work. Show more

Keywords: Extended fuzzy b-metric space, controlled fuzzy metric space, fixed point

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202594

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9977-9985, 2021

Authors: Wang, Junbin | Qin, Zhongfeng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The hub maximal covering location problem aims to find the best locations for hubs so as to maximize the total flows covered by predetermined number of hubs. Generally, this problem is defined in the framework of binary coverage. However, there are many real-life cases in which the binary coverage assumption may yield unexpected decisions. Thus, the partial coverage is considered by stipulating that the coverage of an origin-destination pair is determined by a non-increasing decay function. Moreover, as this problem contains strategic decisions in long range, the precise information about the parameters such as travel times may not be obtained …in advance. Therefore, we present uncertain hub maximal covering location models with partial coverage in which the travel times are depicted as uncertain variables. Specifically, the partial coverage parameter is introduced in uncertain environment and the expected value of partial coverage parameter is further derived and simplified with specific decay functions. Expected value model and chance constrained programming model are respectively proposed and transformed to their deterministic equivalent forms. Finally, a greedy variable neighborhood search heuristic is presented and the efficiency of the proposed models is evaluated through computational experiments. Show more

Keywords: Hub maximal covering location problem, partial coverage, decay function, uncertain variable

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-202635

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 9987-10002, 2021