Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 32, issue 5

Authors: He, Jinqiang | Sun, Xiaojie | Li, Wei | Chen, Jie

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Ant system (AS), the first Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO), was proposed by mimicking the foraging behavior of real ants. The inspiring source of ACO is the pheromone laying and following behavior of real ants. The pheromone serves as numerical information to reflect ants’ experience accumulated. However, tests on AS indicate that its pheromone update method can’t always retain the ants’ useful search experiences which mainly refer to the better solutions found. In this study we propose a new pheromone update strategy that uses the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) as the instance problem. The idea is to update the pheromone …on each edge in TSP by a variable termed component best solution (CBS) matrix, which stores the length of the best tour found for each edge. Simultaneously, the importance of pheromone is strengthened gradually by augmenting the value of its exponent. To investigate its effectiveness, comparisons of experiments are conducted among AS, Elitist ACO and the new algorithm (CBSACO) on five TSP instances. Results show that the performance of CBSACO outperforms that of AS and Elitist ACO. Because this modification to AS is based on the pheromone update method, it can be easily transferred to other combinatorial optimization problems. Show more

Keywords: Ant colony optimization (ACO), pheromone, component best solution, Elitist AC

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169276

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3355-3364, 2017

Authors: Trivedi, Munesh Chandra | Mishra, Shilpi | Yadav, Virendra Kumar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Data hiding concept such as steganography can provide security and facilitate the safe exchange of important information in the digital world. This concept can be used with the various multimedia such as text, image, video, audio acting as cover medium to carry out the one way exchange or two way exchange of secret information. The presented paper focusses only on the kind of steganography that uses audio as a carrier. This concept of steganography is, act of encoding mystery data in invisible manner. Steganography along with cryptography add a step futher in security by hiding cipher text in such …a manner that middle man is unaware about the secret message is concealed in it. Cipher text generated by encryption creates suspects but steganography creates environment that looks like normal behavior, hiding suspect nature of cipher text thus making it more secure. Audio steganography is the investigation of concealing a few mystery content or audio data in a host audio. This paper presents execution of two level security of end user information by associating the two fields of system security, cryptography and steganography. Concept of index based chaotic sequence is used for encryption. It carries two approaches which make the cryptanalysis and steganalysis furthermore difficult as compare to simple LSB method. First approach is encrypting the secret text using index based chaotic sequence. The proposed approach is more secure, strong and robust, giving security to our secret information. Second approach is hiding output generated by first approach using the concept of LSB with XOR method. It gives extra level of security by creating minimum distortion in host audio file simultaneously maintaining high embedding capacity. Show more

Keywords: Audio steganography, LSB technique, index based chaotic sequence, XORing method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169277

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3365-3375, 2017

Authors: Sang, Haitao | Zhou, Zhen | Qu, Fang | Ke, Qiao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In order to improve the recognition rate and the recognition time of the low resolution image, the face recognition technology based on matching degree and local phase quantization is studied. In face recognition, the dynamic time warping strategy is applied to the fast extraction of face contour, and a parallel matching local phase quantization algorithm is proposed to realize the face recognition, which can be expressed by a number of 2D curves extracted from the surface. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on the face database of ORL, Yale B and AR, and show …it can obtain better recognition results especially in real time and robustness. Show more

Keywords: Face recognition, matching degree, feature extraction, local phase quantization

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169278

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3377-3385, 2017

Authors: Liu, Kun | Li, Jianqing | Chris, H.Z.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In general, there are two sorts of strategies of energy saving and CO2 emissions reduction in transportation systems using wireless sensor network for transportation. They are single-level optimization solutions and the bi-level optimization ones. The bi-level optimization solutions are considered a sort of optimization in both road side unit (RSU) side and on-board unit (OBU) one. However, the single-level optimization solutions are considered optimization only in RSU or OBU side. A bi-level optimization model with Genetic Algorithm/Particle Swarm Optimization (GA/PSO) hybrid algorithm is proposed to improve performance instead of non-hybrid algorithms. The upper-level optimization model considers the real-time traffic …characteristics of the traffic flows near the signalized road intersection. At the same time, vehicles in the lower-level optimization model retrieve the real-time traffic signals using vehicular networks. Then, the traffic signals update the schedule and the vehicles motion states for greener environment factor respectively. Simulation results indicate that the GA/PSO hybrid algorithm performs much better than non-hybrid ones especially when the traffic is heavy. The fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are greatly reduced. Show more

Keywords: Wireless sensor networks, hybrid algorithm, transportation management, bi-level optimization, energy saving

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169279

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3387-3400, 2017

Authors: Wang, Tong | Wang, Yunfeng | Han, Chong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In Wireless Ad hoc Networks (WANET), to organize sensor nodes for data collection is an important research issue. Clustering is an effective technique for prolonging the network lifetime. However, the Cluster Header (CH) in a cluster always involves a lot of data forwarding tasks, rather than its Cluster Members (CMs). This energy consumption overloading inevitably leads to the “hot spot” problem. With these in mind, an Energy-Balanced and Unequally-Layered Routing Protocol (EBULRP) is proposed in this article. The main emphasis is on balancing the energy consumption among CHs. In our design, the network is decoupled into multiple layers with different …width, where the radius of clusters is differentiated at each layer. The core is to organize those CHs closer to the sink node, with more energy for inter-cluster data forwarding. Simulation results show that the proposed EBULRP effectively balances the energy consumption among CHs, and further prolongs the network lifetime. Show more

Keywords: Wireless sensor networks, communication protocol, routing, energy efficiency

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169280

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3401-3412, 2017

Authors: Kumar, Malay | Meena, Jasraj | Tiwari, Shailesh | Vardhan, Manu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Cloud computing has become ubiquitous, offers an economical solution for convenient on-demand access to computing resources, which enable the resource-constrained clients to execute extensive computation. However, outsourcing of data and computation to the cloud server is a great cause of concern, such as confidentiality of input/output and verifiability of the result. This paper addresses the problem of designing outsourcing algorithm for linear regression analysis (LR), which is an important data analysis technique and widely applied across multiple domains. The outsourcing framework illustrated by the following scenario: a client is having a large dataset and needs to perform regression analysis, but …unable to process due to lack of computing resources. Therefore, the client outsources the computation to the cloud server. In the proposed LR outsourcing algorithm, the client outsources LR problem to the cloud server without revealing to them either the input dataset and the output. The algorithm is a non-interactive solution to the client, it sends only input and receives output along with the proof of verification from the cloud server. The client in the proposed algorithm able to verify the correctness of result with an optimal probability. The analytical analysis shows that the algorithm is successfully meeting the challenges of correctness, security, verifiability, and efficiency. The experimental evaluation validates the proposed algorithm. The result analysis shows that the algorithm is highly efficient and endorses the practical usability of the algorithm. Show more

Keywords: Regression analysis, computation outsourcing, cloud computing, linear transformation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169281

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3413-3427, 2017

Authors: Bu, Hao | Zhu, Rong | Chen, Shihong | Tan, Xiaoqiong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: π -calculus is one of the most effective means for the modeling of the concurrent mobile system at the present stage. The paper starts with a brief introduction of π -calculus, which concerns mutual simulation, the fundamentals of mobile computing, and the concept of interaction with some basic grammars and regulations of π -calculus while the system mobility is discussed with special focuses on the relation between the referent and the mobility, and the relation between the granular size and mobility. Then the analysis goes on to discuss the sorting problems that frequently occur in modeling concurrent systems. Through the …discussion of the underlying sorting algorithms based on π -calculus, five processes are established by applying such artless thoughts as “looking for the seats in the cinema” or “changing keys among a group” to do quick concurrent locating and instant sorting, so that the sorting problems of specific elements in the well-ordered sets could be solved on the basis of π -calculus. In this way, the sorting results will eventually be displayed in the specified process and conveniently help the readings of other processes. Show more

Keywords: π-calculus, mobile computing, sorting, cinema algorithm, key change algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169282

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3429-3445, 2017

Authors: Ma, Tao | Wang, Fen | Wang, Jianzhou | Yao, Yukai | Chen, Xiaoyun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Electric load prediction is an important decision tool in area of electricity economy. Recently researchers have presented innovative models to improve the forecasting accuracy of short-term electricity series, which is valuable in allowing both consumers and electric power sector to make effective planning. This study proposed novel combing optimization model to improve the precision of electric load forecasting and called SSPM. First, taken the advantage of linear prediction for the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model and non-linear prediction for the support vector machines (SVM) model to combine a new model. Next, the produce results by SARIMA model is …regarded as linear component and used SVM model for correcting the residual from SARIMA as non-linear component of forecasting results. Third, in order to show the dynamic relationship of linear and non-linear components, the weight variable of α1 and α2 are proposed that optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with lower error of fitness function, the combining model is applied in the daily electric load data at New South Wales (NSW) in Australia. The experimental results indicate that the proposed optimization model obtains better performance of precise and stability than models of SARIMA and SVM respectively, outperform than conventional artificial neural network (ANN). Although the novel model is applied to electric load forecasting in this paper, it has more scopes for application in a number of areas to gain improvement of forecast accuracy in complex time series. Show more

Keywords: Support vector machines, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average, combining optimization model, electric load forecasting, particle swarm optimization algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169283

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3447-3459, 2017

Authors: Song, Xiaoying | Zhang, Qilong | Sun, Wei | Wei, Wei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Due to the imbalanced energy consumption among nodes, some nodes die prematurely, which decreases the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks, especially many nodes and one Sink. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose an energy-efficient data gathering protocol in unequal clustered WSN utilizing fuzzy multiple criteria decision making called DGUCF. In DGUCF, nodes can be divided into unequal clusters to balance energy consumption in the network scenario with nodes of non-uniform distribution and heterogeneous energy. First, DGUCF adopts an intuitionistic fuzzy analytic process and hierarchical fuzzy integral to select cluster heads synthetically. Then, we propose a new …cluster head competition radius that is fit for this network scenario. In succession, to balance energy consumption, each cluster head transmits data packets over the next hop cluster heads in proportion to their residual energy. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the DGUCF protocol can balance energy consumption effectively, and the network lifetime can be prolonged. Show more

Keywords: Wireless sensor networks, unequal cluster, cluster head, intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy multiple criteria decision making

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169284

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3461-3473, 2017

Authors: Lei, Liu | Ming, Diao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper focuses on the issue of the large calculation when searching for the optimal solution of weighted subspace fitting algorithm (WSF) in the Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation and introduces the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) to optimize solving process. Taking advantage of Niche technique and coordinating with improved strategy and control exclusion method, the proposed algorithm can overcome the weakness that bee colony algorithm itself can only get the global solutions, and hence get the local optimization solution for the multimodal problem. The experiment results demonstrate the proposed algorithm has small computation load, less controlling parameters, and high …accuracy. Show more

Keywords: DOA, weighted subspace fitting algorithm, artificial bee colony algorithm, niche

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169285

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3475-3485, 2017