Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 1, issue 5-6

Authors: Ygout, J-F. | Essabbah, H. | Lacombe, C. | Cazin, P. | Fabre, G. | Saint-Blancard, J. | Leterrier, F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Apparent stationary viscosity, viscoelasticity and thixotropy measured with a Couette viscometer, as well as morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy have been determined on blood samples stored in plastic bags at 4 °C in the following anticoagulant and/or preservative solutions: 1) Whole blood in CPD, CPD added with 0.4 mM adenine and enriched with glucose (1.5 time the normal concentration) (CPD-A,D) and ACD with 0.5 mM adenine and 0.25 mM guanosine (ACD-A,Gua); 2) Packed cells from blood collected in CPD, CPD-A,D and ACD-A,Gua; 3) Red blood cells from blood collected in CPD or ACD and resuspended with isotonic saline, adenine, glucose …(SAG), or phosphate, adenine, guanosine, glucose, saline (PAGGS) solutions. Addition of adenine and guanosine to ACD improves the morphological and rheological qualities of stored blood. However, the greatest improvement is obtained with CPD/SAG and CPD/PAGGS in which the lower variations of the measured parameters are observed as a function of time. For example, the relative viscosity increase and the discocyte number decrease observed since the first week in whole CPD blood, are found identical only at the 4th or 5th week in CPD/PAGGS. Show more

Keywords: blood conservation, blood viscosity, blood thixotropy, blood viscoelasticity, erythrocyte morphology, new blood preservative solutions

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-611

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 527-538, 1981

Authors: Singh, Megha | Vatsala, T.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The rheological characteristics of laser irradiated fresh anticoagulated blood samples, before and after treatment with ATP, glucose, ATP-glucose and onion extract are determined. The erythrocytes show crenation and enhanced tendency of hemolysis with the increase of duration of exposure. The blood viscosity decreases as the exposure level increases at all shear rates. The erythrocytes before and after irradiation are mixed with ATP, glucose and ATP-glucose and are incubated at 37 °C. These cells do not recover from the changes induced by the laser radiation. The erythrocytes treated with onion extract and then incubated, show their normal appearance. The rheological characteristics of …various irradiated samples are compared with that of the normal blood. Show more

Keywords: He-Ne laser irradiation, rheological characteristics, erythrocyte shape, onion extract

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-612

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 539-546, 1981

Authors: Singh, Megha | Vatsala, T.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The erythrocytes sedimentation profiles under gravitational field of various blood samples, exposed at different laser irradiation levels, are studied. It is observed that the sedimentation of erythrocytes, depending on the exposure level, tends to vary. The distribution profiles at various heights of blood column in the sample holder, exposed at 1000 mJ/cm2 , have distinct appearance compared to normal blood and blood samples exposed at lower levels.

Keywords: Erythrocytes sedimentation profiles, He-Ne laser, exposures, intensity

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-613

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 547-553, 1981

Authors: Singh, Megha | Vatsala, T.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The erythrocytes sedimentation profiles in various diseases and pregnancy have been observed and are compared with those obtained from the normal subject. It has been observed that the sedimentation profiles, at various points of the blood column, depend on the clinical status of the individual. In diseases like cancer and tuberculosis these profiles are significantly different from the patterns observed in other diseases. In pregnancy this pattern is different from those of the diseased and normal subjects. The analysis of these profiles at various points provides valuable information on the roles of various plasma and cellular constituents.

Keywords: Erythrocytes sedimentation profiles, helium-neon laser light, transmitted intensity, diseases

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-614

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 555-564, 1981

Authors: Fazzini, Giampiero | Albanese, Bruno | Manescalchi, Piergiovanni | Lombardi, Claudio | Pasquini, Giorgio | Bartoli, Vittorio

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Biochemical and haemorheological findings on 10 patients with multiple myeloma and on one with cryoglobulinaemia undergoing plasmaphaeresis or plasma exchange are referred to. Renal failure was present in 7 subjects. After treatment an improvement of renal function was observed in all patients but one. Plasmaphaeresis and plasma exchange were able to reduce the value of plasma and blood viscosity, when it was abnormally high. The effect of the exchange of plasma on the laboratory findings of renal failure and on blood and plasma viscosity appears to be sufficiently ascertained in the present study. Plasma exchange was more efficient than plasmaphaeres …is but the latter was free of any complication. The major indications are: acute renal failure, hyperproteinaemia, hyperviscosity. Benefits can also be obtained in the chronic course of disease when biochemical and rheological parameters are severely impaired. Show more

Keywords: Plasma Cell Dyscrasias, Plasmaphaeresis, Plasma Exchange, Renal Failure, Serum M Component, Blood Viscosity

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-615

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 565-573, 1981

Authors: Linderkamp, Otwin | Meiselman, Herbert J. | Wu, Paul Y.K. | Miller, Franklin C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Rheological properties of neonatal and adult blood, adjusted to fixed hematocrits, were measured using a capillary (100 µm diameter) and a cone-plate viscometer. Compared to adults, the newborn infant’s plasma viscosity was significantly lower (P<0.005). Capillary viscosity of neonatal blood adjusted to hematocrits of 0.15 to 0.70 l/l was also lower, particularly at higher hematocrits. Viscosity of whole blood adjusted to a hematocrit of 0.60 l/l,measured with the cone-plate viscometer, was markedly lower in neonates, while the viscosity of RBC suspended in an albuminated buffer as well as the relative viscosity (i.e. ratio of blood to plasma viscosity) was similar …in neonates and adults. Hemoglobin flux through the 100 µm-tubes was higher in newborn infants at any hematocrit with a maximum at a hematocrit of 0.45 to 0.50 l/l compared to a peak flux at 0.40 l/l in adults. These results suggest that the main difference in rheological properties between neonatal and adult blood lies in the lower plasma viscosity of the neonates resulting in decreased blood viscosity and increased hemoglobin flux through tubes. Show more

Keywords: blood viscosity, hematocrit, newborn infants, plasma viscosity, trapped plasma

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-616

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 575-584, 1981

Authors: Singh, Megha

Article Type: Letter

Keywords: REC sedimentation rate, Zeta sedimentation ratio, Plasma viscosity, Clinical medicine

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-617

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 585-586, 1981

Authors: Leblond, P.F. | Bastien, C.

Article Type: Letter

Keywords: Blood viscosity, Polycythemia, Microcytosis, Iron deficiency

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-618

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 587-588, 1981

Authors: Benner, Klaus-D.

Article Type: Abstract

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-619

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 589-590, 1981

Authors: Church, Michael J.

Article Type: Announcement

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1981-15-620

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 1, no. 5-6, pp. 591-591, 1981