Affiliations: [a] Department of Computer Engineering, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| [b] Department of Computer Engineering, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| [c] Department of Mathematics, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author. Homayun Motameni, Department of Computer Engineering, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. E-mail: homayun.motameni2020@gmail.com.
Abstract: Regarding the ever-increasing development of data and computational centers due to the contribution of high-performance computing systems in such sectors, energy consumption has always been of great importance due to CO2 emissions that can result in adverse effects on the environment. In recent years, the notions such as “energy” and also “Green Computing” have played crucial roles when scheduling parallel tasks in datacenters. The duplication and clustering strategies, as well as Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) techniques, have focused on the reduction of the energy consumption and the optimization of the performance parameters. Concerning scheduling Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of a datacenter processors equipped with the technique of DVFS, this paper proposes an energy- and time-aware algorithm based on dual-phase scheduling, called EATSDCDD, to apply the combination of the strategies for duplication and clustering along with the distribution of slack-time among the tasks of a cluster. DVFS and control procedures in the proposed green system are mapped into Petri net-based models, which contribute to designing a multiple decision process. In the first phase, we use an intelligent combined approach of the duplication and clustering strategies to run the immediate tasks of DAG along with monitoring the throughput by concentrating on the reduction of makespan and the energy consumed in the processors. The main idea of the proposed algorithm involves the achievement of a maximum reduction in energy consumption in the second phase. To this end, the slack time was distributed among non-critical dependent tasks. Additionally, we cover the issues of negotiation between consumers and service providers at the rate of μ based on Green Service Level Agreement (GSLA) to achieve a higher saving of the energy. Eventually, a set of data established for conducting the examinations and also different parameters of the constructed random DAG are assessed to examine the efficiency of our proposed algorithm. The obtained results confirms that our algorithm outperforms compared the other algorithms considered in this study.
Keywords: Green service level agreement, hroughput, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling, energy-aware scheduling, slack-time distribution, petri nets
