Work - Volume 41, issue Supplement 1

Authors: Hofmann, Thomas | König, Christina | Bruder, Ralph | Bergner, Jörg

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the future the air traffic will rise - the workload of the controllers will do the same. In the BMWi research project, one of the tasks is, how to ensure safe air traffic, and a reasonable workload for the air traffic controllers. In this project it was the goal to find ways how to reduce the workload (and stress) for the controllers to allow safe air traffic, esp. at huge hubairports by implementing augmented reality visualization and interaction.

Keywords: air traffic control, augmented reality, visualisation of complex conditions, reduction of head down times

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0299-1168

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1168-1173, 2012

Authors: Liu, Bor-Shong | Lee, Jun-Ting | Lien, Ching-Wen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Needlestick and Sharps Injuries (NSI) represent an important workplace issue in contemporary health care. Present study provided the new method to snap-off the neck of sealed ampoule. The idea of novel opener tool is prepare the grinding slice inside rubber ring, so users could put the ampoule inside the rubber ring and then rotated the rubber ring to snap-off the neck of ampoule. The purpose of present study was evaluated the methods of snap-off and sizes of ampoule on forearm muscle activities, wrist postures and performance. The pronator teres muscle were heavier load as increased the sizes of ampoule. For …performance analysis, Duncan’s multiple range tests indicated that time of snap-off were longer in 10 ml and 20 ml of ampoule. The EMG of pronator teres muscle was significantly affected by methods of snap-off. Duncan’s multiple range tests indicated that lower load was experienced on forearm muscles while using grinding slice with glove. For wrist posture, the ranges of motion for wrist were significant lower while using the novel tool. Present study provided the novel tool effectively to snap-off the ampoule to decrease forearm workload and sharp injuries. Show more

Keywords: needlestick and sharps injuries, ampoule, occupational safety and health, product design, EMG

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0300-1174

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1174-1177, 2012

Authors: Almeida e Silva, Caio Márcio | Okimoto, Maria Lúciar R.L. | Tanure, Raffaela Leane Zenni

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper discusses the importance of consideration of different sensory stimuli in the perception of the product. So wue conducted an experiment that examined whether there is a difference between the perception of sensory stimuli from artificially isolated. The result is an analysis of the different sensory modalities, relating them to product an between them.

Keywords: Design, evaluation, sensory stimuli

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0301-1178

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1178-1184, 2012

Authors: Camargo, Carlos Rogério | Faust, Richard | Merino, Eugênio | Stefani, Clarissa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The electronic ballot box has played a significant role in the consolidation of Brazilian political process. It has enabled paper ballots extinction as a support for the elector’s vote as well as for voting counting processes. It is also widely known that election automation has decisively collaborated to the legitimization of Brazilian democracy, getting rid of doubts about the winning candidates. In 1995, when the project was conceived, it represented a compromise solution, balancing technical efficiency and costs trade-offs. However, this architecture currently limits the ergonomic enhancements to the device operation, transportation, maintenance and storage. Nowadays are available in the …market devices of reduced dimensions, based on novel computational architecture, namely tablet computers, which emphasizes usability, autonomy, portability, security and low power consumption. Therefore, the proposal under discussion is the replacement of the current electronic ballot boxes for tablet-based devices to improve the ergonomics aspects of the Brazilian voting process. These devices offer a plethora of integrated features (e.g., capacitive touchscreen, speakers, microphone) that enable highly usable and simple user interfaces, in addition to enhancing the voting process security mechanisms. Finally, their operational systems features allow for the development of highly secure applications, suitable to the requirements of a voting process. Show more

Keywords: Public Elections, Political Process, Usability, Portability, Security

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0302-1185

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1185-1192, 2012

Authors: Amiri, Mahdie | Dezfooli, Mohsen Safar | Mortezaei, Seyed Reza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Researches explored that backpacks are the most common means of carrying school supplies for students. Carrying heavy backpacks causes a wide range of disorders such as musculoskeletal disorders and postural malfunction. User Centered Design has proven its suitability to produce high efficient products with themost adaptability toconsumer demands. This approach combined with consideration of normal standards and ergonomics features, with the recognition of children’s needs and requirements, has been used in this research to prepare an initial design of a backpack. After that, its prototype was manufactured. The backpack was tested by 120 elementary students in three stepsof form, ergonomics …and load sense. A redesign was performed that has applied the results of the test run. Results showed that this new backpack can considerably reduce the effective loads on the shoulders, back and neck. Show more

Keywords: Backpack, User Centred Design, Students of elementary school, Ergonomics

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0303-1193

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1193-1201, 2012

Authors: Correia, Walter | Soares, Marcelo | Barros, Marina | Campos, Fábio

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article aims to highlight the role of consumer products companies in the heart and the extent of accidents involving these types of products, and as such undesired events take part as an agent in influencing decision making for the purchase of a product that nature on the part of consumers and users. The article demonstrates, by reference, interviews and case studies such as the development of poorly designed products and design errors of design can influence the usage behavior of users, thus leading to accidents, and also negatively affect the next image of a company. The full explanation of …these types of questions aims to raise awareness, plan on a reliable usability, users and consumers in general about the safe use of consumer products, and also safeguard their rights before a legal system of consumer protection, even far away by the CDC - Code of Consumer Protection. Show more

Keywords: usability tests, design, consumer products

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0304-1202

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1202-1207, 2012

Authors: Barros, Marina | Neves, André | Correia, Walter | Soares, Marcelo

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the area of the design and physiotherapy, the using of virtual technologies for immersion of users are spreading. And this affirmation extends to several areas of knowledge. In games, the quote is, resources are being used to work cognitive skills, attention, memory, among other factors beside the children. Currently, at the expense of usability, low cost, virtual technologies of perception and interaction, as Nintendo Wii, X-Box 360, among others, arises therefore a new class of games called Exergames, which is the union of physical activity the game. This fact gives users the development of sensory and motor skills through …virtual reality mechanisms suitable for certain needs. This literature review aimed to provide an overview of the current context of Exergames, especially in use for controlling childhood obesity, which is growing alarmingly, with some features, applications and possibilities for use at the design and other areas such as physiotherapy. Show more

Keywords: Design, Ergonomics, Control Obesity

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0644-1208

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1208-1211, 2012

Authors: Strambi, F. | Bartalini, M. | Boy, S. | Gauthy, R. | Landozzi, R. | Novelli, D. | Stanzani, C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper describes the Feedback method designed to collect the contribution of users for the reconstruction and comprehension of the actual work and real activity for the improvement of the technical standards, design, manufacturing and use of machinery. The Feedback method has since now been applied successfully - in collaboration with public authorities, market surveillance bodies, social partners organization and technical institutes - to five different types of machines: woodworking machinery, forklift trucks, angle grinder and combine harvester. After ten years of experimentation in seven European countries Feedback has proved to be trans-nationally comparable and has attracted the interest of …as much as 250 expert users - mostly workers, but also employers and technicians - who have shared their knowledge and experience by taking part in almost 30 working groups. The information collected with the Feedback method can be used by: - CEN and ISO standardization committees and working groups to become aware of the problems relating to the real use of specific machines in different work contexts, and thus to be able to draw up new or to revise existing standards accordingly; - Designers and manufacturers to produce better, more comfortable and safer machines and to provide precise instructions for use; - Employers, users and workers for training purposes and for defining appropriate work procedures; - Inspection bodies to enhance their knowledge and improve the efficiency of their interventions and advice. Show more

Keywords: feedback method, machinery, ergonomics, end user, real work activity

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0305-1212

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1212-1220, 2012

Authors: Lundgren, Lina | Brorsson, Sofia | Osvalder, Anna-Lisa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Equipment used in sports is of great importance, especially when the equipment is in direct contact with the athlete or is important for safety. In the sport kitesurfing environmental factors and the equipment design are crucial for the comfort and safety. The participants’ choice and opinion of equipment can show which factors are considered most important for the performance and to reduce risk for injury. This study has evaluated self-reported information from the participants about what equipment they use, comfort of the equipment and if the equipment has contributed to any injuries. The methods used were questionnaires (n=206) and interviews …(n=17), which in combination allows to assess the problem both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that supported leading edge kites are most frequently used, with a waist harness and foot straps to attach the feet. The choice of kite type was mainly based on the discipline of riding for the respondent. Some issues concerning comfort of riding and injury risk the respondents did relate to the design of harness and foot straps. The information from this study can be used for development strategies for industry manufacturers and for further studies in the area of equipment design and biomechanics. Show more

Keywords: sport equipment, kitesurfing, injury risk, product comfort

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0306-1221

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1221-1225, 2012

Authors: Ely, Vera Helena Moro Bins | de Oliveira, Jonara Machado | Logsdon, Louise

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the current bus stop shelter model used in Florianópolis, Brazil, through a functional analysis - focused in the relationship between the shelter, the users and their activities – and also to analyse users’ perceptions. The methodology consisted of exploratory visits, anthropometric analysis, observation and interviews. The exploratory visit intended to survey the physical characteristics of the shelter (dimensions, materials, colors, displayed information) and its position on the sidewalk. The anthropometric analysis was made to verify whether the dimensions of the shelters were adequate to users’ needs. The observation provided data for the analysis of users’ …behavior, which involved a biomechanical study of their postures, an ownership/occupancy analysis in terms of territoriality and studies about spatial requirements of interpersonal relations (proxemics). The interviews helped to analyze how the user perceives the quality of some of the main functions of the shelter: to provide physical and psychological comfort and to display information about the public transportation system. As a result, the overall conclusion is that shelters do not meet users’ needs. Recommendations are provided in order to improve physical and psychological comfort and to display relevant information about the transportation system. Show more

Keywords: ergonomics, environmental perception, anthropometry

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0307-1226

Citation: Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1226-1233, 2012