NeuroRehabilitation - Volume 52, issue 2

Authors: Zasler, Nathan D.

Article Type: Book Review

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-228029

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 153-154, 2023

Authors: Muroi, Daisuke | Ohtera, Shosuke | Saito, Yutaro | Koyake, Aki | Higuchi, Takahiro

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: High collision rates and frequency of entering the opening from non-paretic sides are associated with collision in individuals with stroke. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with collision avoidance behavior when individuals with stroke walked through narrow openings. METHODS: Participants with subacute or chronic stroke walked through a narrow opening and had to avoid colliding with obstacles. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with pathophysiology, motor function, and judgment ability as predictor variables; collision rate and frequency of entering the opening from non-paretic sides were outcome variables. RESULTS: Sixty-one eligible individuals with stroke aged 63±12 …years were enrolled. Thirty participants collided twice or more and 37 entered the opening from the non-paretic side. Higher collision occurrence was associated with slower Timed Up and Go tests and left-right sway (odds ratios, 1.2 and 5.6; 95% confidence intervals, 1.1–1.3 and 1.3–28.2; p  = .008 and.025, respectively). Entering from non-paretic sides was associated with lesions in the thalamus, left-sided hemiplegia, and Brunnstrom stage 3 or lower (odds ratios, 6.6, 8.7, and 6.7; 95% confidence intervals, 1.3–52.5, 2.5–36.5, and 1.2–57.5; and p  = .038,.001, and.048, respectively). CONCLUSION: Walking ability is associated with avoiding obstacle collision, while pathophysiological characteristics and degree of paralysis are associated with a preference for which side of the body enters an opening first. Interventions to improve walking ability may improve collision avoidance. Avoidance behavior during intervention varies depending on the lesion position. Show more

Keywords: Multiple regression analysis, obstacle avoidance, pathophysiological, stroke, walking

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220174

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 155-163, 2023

Authors: Ofek, Hadas | Alperin, Mordechai | Laufer, Yocheved

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Explicit Sensory Retraining (SR) has been suggested for pain management in several neuropathic pain syndromes. Objectives: To study the effectiveness of SR on Central Post Stroke Pain (CPSP) symptoms. Methods: A preplanned subgroup of 23 subjects post-stroke reporting central pain were randomized within a larger study, to receive either explicit sensory discrimination retraining (SR) (in subgroup n  = 11) or implicit repeated exposure to stimuli (RE) (in subgroup n  = 12), applied to the lower limb. Pain intensity measured by VAS, measures of sensory ability; balance and gait activities; and participation were assessed by a blinded assessor …at four points in time. Results: A group*time interaction effect was demonstrated (p  = 0.04) for VAS, as for the SR treatment group VAS decreased from 56/100 to 23/100. Nine out of eleven subjects in the SR group demonstrated positive response to treatment. Pain alleviation was maintained at follow-up. A similar interaction effect was found for tactile threshold (p  = 0.03). Significant improvement was noted for all other variables with no group differences. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence to the clinically relevant positive effect of explicit sensory retraining for subjects with CPSP. The positive effect on tactile threshold detection could potentially indicate pain alleviation mechanisms. Show more

Keywords: Central post stroke pain, treatment, randomized controlled trial, sensory retraining, explicit, implicit

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220217

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 165-174, 2023

Authors: Ou, Jibing | Xu, Chunyan | Fu, Yutong | chen, Qian | Han, Yongqian | Yao, Liqing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) has a negative effect on activities of daily living. OBJECTIVE: Although a number of studies have been published on PSCI, no quantitative studies have yet been conducted. METHOD: CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to quantitatively analyze PSCI to illustrate the research hotspots and trends in PSCI. All relevant publications were extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) of the Web of Science (WoS). RESULTS: A total of 6536 articles were included in this study. From 349 in 2010 to 942 in 2020, the number of publications increased dramatically. …The USA maintained the top position worldwide and provided a vital influence. Harvard University was considered the leader in research collaboration among all institutions. Stroke was the most popular journal in this sector and Vincent Mok published the most articles in this area. We analyzed the keywords and identified five research hotspot clusters. By summarizing the literature on PSCI, we considered the publication information regarding different countries, institutions, authors and journals. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of PSCI is an active hotspot. Cerebral vascular disease, especially white matter lesions, also received more attention. Show more

Keywords: Stroke, cognitive impairment, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, bibliometric

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220203

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 175-186, 2023

Authors: Chen, Liu-Zhu | Tu, Yu-Jie | Huang, Ye-Zhi | Qiu, Li-Nan | Chen, Jia-Hao | Xu, Xue-Qian | Xu, Min-Jie | Geng, Dan-Dan | Lin, Yi-Si | He, Jin-Cai

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In China, the current status of clinical treatment of eLVO and the factors affecting its long-term prognosis are unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the predictive factors of functional outcomes at one year in patients of acute ischemic stroke with emergent large vessel occlusion (eLVO). METHODS: We retrospectively collected 536 patients who underwent treatments for eLVO. Primary outcomes included one-year functional outcomes and delayed functional independence (DFI). The logistic regression was performed to predict the primary outcome. RESULTS: 431 (85%) survivors participated in the one-year follow-up. In the multivariate logistic analysis adjusted …for baseline characteristics, the following factors were found to be significant predictors of functional dependence at one year: old age (aOR = 1.042, 95% CI=1.01-1.076, p  = 0.011), low Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) (aOR = 0.791, 95% CI=0.671-0.933, p  = 0.005), unsuccessful reperfusion (aOR = 0.168, 95% CI=0.048-0.586, p  = 0.005), poor medication compliance (aOR = 0.022, 95% CI=0.007-0.072, p  < 0.001), and complicated with stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) (aOR = 2.269, 95% CI=1.103-4.670, p  = 0.026). We also found that men (aOR = 3.947, 95% CI=1.15-13.549, p  = 0.029) had better medication adherence (aOR = 14.077, 95% CI=1.736-114.157, p  = 0.013), and going to rehabilitation centers (aOR = 5.197, 95% CI=1.474-18.327, p  = 0.010) were independent predictors of DFI. CONCLUSION: The significant predictors of functional dependence at one year were: old age, low ASPECTS, unsuccessful reperfusion, poor medication adherence, and combination with SAP. Men, good medication adherence, and going to rehabilitation centers contributed to getting delayed functional independence. Show more

Keywords: Stroke, large vessel occlusion, endovascular therapy, thrombolysis, prognosis

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220269

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 187-197, 2023

Authors: Heiberg, Adam Vittrup | Simonsen, Sofie Amalie | Schytz, Henrik Winther | Iversen, Helle Klingenberg

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) many patients experience cognitive impairment which interferes neurorehabilitation. Understanding and monitoring pathophysiologic processes behind cognitive symptoms requires accessible methods during testing and training. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can assess activational hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and feasibly be used as a biomarker to support stroke rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: Exploring the feasibility of fNIRS as a biomarker during the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) assessing executive function in AIS patients. METHODS: Observational study of 21 patients with mild to moderate AIS and 22 healthy age- and sex-matched controls (HC) …examined with fNIRS of PFC during the SCWT. Hemodynamic responses were analyzed with general linear modeling. RESULTS: The SCWT was performed worse by AIS patients than HC. Neither patients nor HC showed PFC activation, but an inverse activational pattern primarily in superolateral and superomedial PFC significantly lower in AIS. Hemodynamic responses were incoherent to test difficulty and performance. No other group differences or lateralization were found. CONCLUSIONS: AIS patients had impaired executive function assessed by the SCWT, while both groups showed an inverse hemodynamic response significantly larger in HC. Investigations assessing the physiology behind inverse hemodynamic responses are warranted before deeming clinical implementation reasonable. Show more

Keywords: Acute stroke, hemodynamics, near-infrared spectroscopy, stroop test, executive function, cognitive impairment

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220171

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 199-217, 2023

Authors: Chae, Seung Han | Lee, Mi Young | Chung, Yijung

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Backward walking is considered as a newly rising method used to enhance gait abilities, but evidence remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether backward walking with functional electrical stimulation (FES) triggered by a foot switch on the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior could be effective in improving gait parameters of stroke survivors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included fourteen subjects with chronic stroke. Three walking conditions were performed at random: backward walking with FES attached onto the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior (RF+TA), backward walking with FES attached onto the tibialis anterior (TA only), …and without electrical intervention (non-FES). The Zebris was used to assess the spatiotemporal gait parameters. Each condition was measured three times and the average value was used for analysis. RESULTS: Results showed significant increases in gait speed, cadence, step length, mid-stance percentage, maximal force in the affected midfoot (p  < 0.05), and significant decreases in the double stance phase in the RF+TA condition compared to the TA only and the non-FES conditions (p  < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Functional electrical stimulation to the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior during backward walking could be a clinically effective method to improve gait ability of stroke survivors. Show more

Keywords: Electrical stimulation, gait, rehabilitation, stroke, walking ability

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220156

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 219-226, 2023

Authors: Zhong, Lida | Wen, Xin | Liu, Zicai | Li, Fang | Ma, Xiancong | Liu, Huiyu | Chen, Hongxia

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although increasing evidence indicates that cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be beneficial in the treatment of dysphagia, its clinical efficacy is still uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of high-frequency cerebellar rTMS on poststroke dysphagia. METHODS: This was a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind trial. A total of eighty-four study participants were randomly assigned into the cerebellum and control groups. The cerebellum group received bilateral 10 Hz rTMS treatment of the pharyngeal motor area of the cerebellum. The control group was administered with sham rTMS of the pharyngeal motor area of the cerebellum. All patients underwent …the same conventional swallowing rehabilitation training after the intervention 5 days a week for a total of 10 days. Assessment of swallowing function was done before treatment (baseline), after treatment (2 weeks), and during follow-up (2 weeks after treatment) using the Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale (FEDSS) and the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS). RESULTS: The interaction between time and intervention had a significant effect on PAS (P  < 0.001) and FEDSS (P  < 0.001). Compared to the control group, the cerebellum group exhibited significantly improved clinical swallowing function scores (PAS: P  = 0.007, FEDSS: P  = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Bilateral cerebellar rTMS is a potential new neurorehabilitation technique for post-stroke dysphagia. Studies should aim at investigating the therapeutic mechanism of cerebellar rTMS and improve this technique. Show more

Keywords: Cerebellum, dysphagia, rehabilitation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, noninvasive brain stimulation

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220268

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 227-234, 2023

Authors: Tyler, Carmen M. | Perrin, Paul B. | Klyce, Daniel W. | Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos | Dautovich, Natalie D. | Rybarczyk, Bruce D.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Older adults have the highest traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related morbidity and mortality, and rates in older adults are increasing, chiefly due to falls. OBJECTIVE: This study used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine baseline predictors of functional independence trajectories across 1, 2, 5, and 10 years after TBI in older adults. METHODS: Participants comprised 2,459 individuals aged 60 or older at the time of TBI, enrolled in the longitudinal TBI Model Systems database, and had Functional Independence Measure Motor and Cognitive subscale scores and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended scores during at least 1 time point. …RESULTS: Functional independence trajectories generally declined over the 10 years after TBI. Individuals who were older, male, underrepresented minorities, had lower education, were unemployed at time of injury, had no history of substance use disorder, or had difficulties with learning, dressing, and going out of the home prior to the TBI, or longer time in posttraumatic amnesia had lower functional independence trajectories across at least one of the functional independence outcomes. CONCLUSION: These predictors of functional independence in older adults with TBI may heighten awareness of these factors in treatment planning and long-term health monitoring and ultimately as a way to decrease morbidity and mortality. Show more

Keywords: Older adults, traumatic brain injury, functional independence, trajectories, outcomes

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220165

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 235-247, 2023

Authors: Snell, Deborah L. | Silverberg, Noah D.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) treatment research is hindered by lack of clinically meaningful and responsive outcome measures. One promising measure is the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), although minimal clinically important differences (MCID) for have not been established. OBJECTIVE: To estimate MCID for the WHODAS 2.0 for mTBI. METHODS: We analysed two prospectively collected mTBI datasets (n  = 225) attending adult outpatient clinics in British Columbia, Canada. Participants completed the 12-item WHODAS 2.0, Patient Global Impression of Change scale, and Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. We used anchor- and distribution-based methods to …explore MCIDs in WHODAS 2.0 scores. RESULTS: For Study 1 (n  = 131), the anchor and distribution-based approaches produced minimal change estimates ranging from 1.3 to 2.8 interval scores. For Study 2 (n  = 94), the anchor and distribution-based approaches produced minimal change estimates from 2.2 to 3.2 interval scores. For certain subgroups based on age, sex, and post-concussion severity, minimal change estimates were slightly higher. CONCLUSION: An MCID of 3.5 interval WHODAS 2.0 points would conservatively capture meaningful change in adults of varying age, sex, and post-concussion symptom severity. Such a uniform metric will assist future mTBI intervention studies to improve standards of care and evaluation of outcomes. Show more

Keywords: WHODAS 2.0, mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury, MCID

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220004

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 249-257, 2023

Authors: Claessen, Lára Ósk Eggertsdóttir | Kristjánsdóttir, Hafrún | Jónsdóttir, María K. | Lund, Sigrún Helga | Kristensen, Ingunn S.U. | Sigurjónsdóttir, Helga Ágústa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies on hypopituitarism (HP) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have focused on male populations although women may be more susceptible to the sequelae of mTBI. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first all-female study screening for HP following mTBI. OBJECTIVE: Screening for possible HP in female athletes reporting a history of one or more mTBI. METHODS: Pituitary hormone screening blood tests (SBT) were performed in 133 of the 151 female athletes included. Repeated results outside the reference value (O-RV) were considered abnormal necessitating further endocrinological evaluation. RESULTS: Repeated SBT …were O-RV in 88 women (66.2%). Decreased levels of serum insulin growth factor 1 (S-IGF1) were found in 55.6% of participants and elevated levels of serum prolactin (S-prolactin) in 22.6%. Serum cortisol levels were below the RV in 6.0% and thyroid hormonal levels in 11.3%. Lower age and increased number of mTBI symptoms correlated significantly with the risk of hormonal results O-RV. CONCLUSION: The majority of the study population had SBT O-RV, warranting further workup of possible HP. Decreased levels of S-IGF1 were most commonly observed followed by elevated S-prolactin possibly indicating hypothalamic-pituitary impairment. Lower age and increased number of symptoms of mTBI may indicate the need to screen for HP. Show more

Keywords: Head trauma, sport-related concussion (SRC), female athletes, pituitary hormones, hormone deficiency

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220194

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 259-271, 2023

Authors: Kalderon, Liran | Chaimoff, Moshe | Katz-Leurer, Michal

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vestibulo-sympathetic reflexes (VSR) demonstrate the autonomic interaction between the vestibular system and the cardiovascular system, however little is known about this interaction in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Although the main complaint of patients with BPPV is vertigo, additional symptoms such as nausea and sweating raise questions whether patients with BPPV have impaired VSR. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the cardiac autonomic control system (CACS) response to vestibular stimulation in subjects with BPPV compared with healthy controls. METHODS: This is a case-control study. Heart-rate variability (HRV) parameters were monitored …in two groups (30–70 years old)- subjects with BPPV (N = 18) and gender and age-matched healthy controls (N = 18), at rest and during vestibular stimulation. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between groups in HRV parameters during rest. Both groups demonstrated an autonomic response to vestibular stimulation, yet no differences were found between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with BPPV seem to have an intact cardiac response to vestibular stimulation. Over-activation of the Vestibular Semicircular Canals, as shown in BPPV, doesn’t seem to alter the VSR in the cardiac autonomic control system. Show more

Keywords: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibulo-sympathetic reflex (VSR), heart rate variability (HRV), autonomic nervous system (ANS)

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220021

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 273-278, 2023

Authors: David, Eytan A. | Shahnaz, Navid

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unilateral vestibular deficits are associated with postural instability and loss of quality of life. Common treatments frequently fail to achieve satisfactory outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess the durability of changes in participant-reported disability and objective posturography after computerized vestibular retraining. METHODS: This was a single-group study. Individuals with persistent symptoms of an objectively determined unilateral vestibular deficit completed questionnaires and posturography assessments before and after twelve sessions of computerized retraining, and 4–6 months and 10–12 months after treatment. RESULTS: 13 participants completed the post-treatment assessments; 9 completed the follow up. Mean improvements in perceived …disability at 4–6 months after retraining were: DHI 14.3 points (95% confidence interval 4.0 to 24.5), ABC scale 14.9 points (4.3 to 25.6), FES-I 11.6 points (–3.2 to 26.5). The SOT composite score increased by 11.4 points (95% CI 1.9 to 20.9; p  = 0.0175) immediately after treatment, 8.9 points (–2.9 to 20.7; p  = 0.1528) at 4–6 months, and 10.6 points (2.2 to 19.0; p  = 0.0162) after 10–12 months. At the 10–12 month time point, the areas of the functional stability region increased significantly for both endpoint excursion (p  = 0.0086) and maximum excursion (p  = 0.0025). CONCLUSION: Computerized vestibular retraining was associated with improved participant reported disability and objective measures of postural stability. Show more

Keywords: Dizziness, balance, rehabilitation, vestibular

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220241

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 279-287, 2023

Authors: Niewiadomski, Wiktor | Gąsiorowska, Anna | Żyliński, Marek | Karbowniczek, Aleksandra | Cebrat, Justyna | Stępniewska, Anna

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduced muscle strength is one symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Strength can be increased by strength training, which may cause exaggerated blood pressure (BP) rise. It is believed that exercises performed on vibrating platform can strengthen leg muscles without excessive BP increase. OBJECTIVE: To measure the pressor response to static exercises performed during whole body vibration in PD patients. METHODS: Twenty-four aged PD patients and twelve healthy young volunteers participated in the study. PD subjects performed six repetitions of deep-, semi-squat, and calves at vibration frequency of 30 Hz. Each 30 s exercise was followed by 30 s …rest. The young volunteers performed two sessions of above-mentioned exercises with and without vibration. BP was measured continuously. RESULTS: In PD patients, the highest BP values were observed during deep squat; systolic blood pressure rose 10 mmHg in ‘weak responders’, and 50 mmHg in ‘strong responders’. This difference correlated with the rise in pulse pressure suggesting indirectly the role of stoke volume in individual response. In healthy subjects pressor response was also individually differentiated and not influenced by vibration. CONCLUSION: Deep and semi squat can evoke a strong cardiovascular response in some PD and healthy subjects. Low-magnitude vibrations likely did not affect pressor response. Show more

Keywords: Pressor response, static exercises, whole body vibration, Parkinson’s disease

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220234

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 289-298, 2023

Authors: Olesiejuk, Maciej | Marusiak, Jarosław | Chalimoniuk, Małgorzata

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Migraine is a primary headache disorder. Studies have shown that 93% of people with migraine have an increased number of active Ischemic Compression Myofascial Trigger Points (IC-MTrPs) therapy. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of the IC-MTrPs therapy on: (1) mechanical properties of the upper trapezius muscle (UTM), (2) shoulder girdle and neck (SGN) muscles pain and (3) headaches characteristics in episodic migraine patients without aura. METHODS: Thirty-one adult, female, migraine patients without aura underwent seven IC-MTrPs therapy sessions and were tested during maximally five measurement sessions (pre- and post-1’st, post-4’th, post-7’th therapy and 1-month follow-up). …Myotonometric measurements of the UTM’s tone, stiffness and elasticity, subjective SGN muscles pain, as well as headache’s level, frequency and duration were analyzed. RESULTS: Myotonometric tone and stiffness of the UTM significantly decreased in post-1’st, post-4’th therapy and in 1-month follow-up measurements versus pre-1’st therapy testing session. The scores for the SGN muscles’ pain significantly decreased: (i) in post-4’th and post-7’th therapy versus post-1’st therapy session, and (ii) in post-7’th versus post-4’th therapy measurements. Headache’s level, frequency and duration significantly decreased in post-7’th therapy versus pre-1’st therapy measurement session. CONCLUSION: IC-MTrPs therapy resulted in a decrease of upper trapezius muscle tone and stiffness, with simultaneous alleviation of shoulder girdle and neck muscle pain and the headaches characteristics in episodic migraine patients without aura. Show more

Keywords: Migraine, Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs), upper trapezius muscle, myotonometry, muscle mechanical properties

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-220237

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 299-310, 2023

Authors: Ilieva, Elena | Ilieva, Aleksandra

Article Type: Other

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many stroke survivors are both sedentary and physically inactive, even those who have adequate mobility. This increases cardiometabolic risk and has impacts on physical and other functions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this Cochrane Review summary is to discuss from a rehabilitation perspective the results of the Cochrane review investigating the effects of the interventions designed to reduce sedentary behavior after stroke on mortality, secondary vascular events, cardiovascular risk, adverse events and sedentary behavior. METHODS: The review authors searched for randomized controlled trials that had been published up to December 2019, comparing the effects of the …interventions aimed to reduce sedentary behavior in patients after stroke with usual care, no intervention, sham intervention. RESULTS: The results of the review showed that the interventions included did not affect the number of deaths or the incidence of recurrent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, falls or other adverse events in stroke patients. Evidence for their impact on sedentary behavior is currently inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence about reducing sedentary behavior in patients after stroke is incomplete, since research in this field is relatively new. Practitioners may also encourage reduction in sitting during daytime by considering interventions for other therapeutic targets (e.g. increasing physical activity and mobility), besides the studied interventions that proved to be safe and harmless. Show more

Keywords: Sedentary behavior, stroke

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-230000

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 311-313, 2023