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Price: EUR 145.00Authors: Morris, Rae | Christianson-Barker, Jennifer | Stainton, Tim | Mills, Rachel | Schroeder, Monica | Cox, John | Rowley, Chris | Hole, Rachelle
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rates of un- and under-employment are high among persons with intellectual disabilities in Canada. More information is needed to better understand how current employment practices are experienced by persons with intellectual disabilities and those who hire and support them. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory and descriptive study sought to learn about employment practices as experienced by self-advocates with intellectual disabilities, employers, and employment specialists; to identify key barriers and facilitators to equitable inclusion of persons with intellectual disabilities in attaining and maintaining paid and competitive employment. METHODS: An online survey invited participants from all …three groups to share their experiences and descriptive analysis was conducted to offer a summary of patterns across participant experiences. RESULTS: 149 participants (77 employment specialists, 59 self-advocates, and 13 employers) from across Canada participated in the survey and shared information about their experiences across recruitment, hiring, integration, and performance management of persons with intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSION: This study offers information about employment practices in Canada that directly impact the experiences of potential or current employees with intellectual disabilities. The findings may be used to inform the development of employment standards, best practices, and/or future research to improve disability-inclusive employment. Show more
Keywords: Intellectual disability, employment, right to work, survey, disability studies, participatory
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240019
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Crudden, Adele | Steverson, Anne | Sergi, Katerina
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Approximately half of people with vision impairments are not employed or looking for work. Many of these people have additional health or disability concerns, but little is known about those concerns or other reasons they are out of the workforce. OBJECTIVE: We investigated employment barriers impacting labor force participation among people with vision impairments, their perceptions of their skills and training needs, and the impact of not working on their economic status. METHODS: Thirty people with vision impairments who were not in the labor force participated in exploratory interviews conducted using a …semi-structured protocol. We used a qualitative software program and multiple researchers to code the interviews, identify and analyze themes, and organize participants’ information. RESULTS: Employment barriers included concerns about health and disability, employer attitudes, transportation, training needs, economics, age, and lack of support. Some participants wanted to work now or in the past but were unable to find employment that accommodated their needs and generated a salary that made it economically worthwhile. CONCLUSION: Participants appear to need assistance identifying career paths leading to economic security, training for these careers, locating affordable transportation, and working with employers to gain workplace accommodations. Providing support and encouraging family support may positively influence interest in employment. Show more
Keywords: Blind, vision impairment, employment, workforce participation, employment barriers, assistive technology, vocational rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240018
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Maroto, Michelle | Pettinicchio, David
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: With at least one-quarter of the U.S. adult population reporting one or more disabilities in 2020, people with disabilities represent a large and diverse group of individuals who often face significant barriers in the labor market, especially job displacement - involuntary job loss due to external factors. OBJECTIVE: We examine how rates of job displacement varied for people with different types of disabilities from 2007–2021, a period that includes the 2008 Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We use data from six waves of Current Population Study Displaced Worker Supplement (CPS …DWS, N = 344,729) and a series of logistic regression models to examine differences in displacement by disability status and type. RESULTS: People with disabilities were approximately twice as likely as those without disabilities to experience job displacement, but more during times of economic turmoil. Although displacement disparities by disability status were decreasing from a high of 6.5 percentage points during the Great Recession, the pandemic increased the gap to 5.8 percentage points. CONCLUSION: Involuntary job loss among people with disabilities is exacerbated by exogenous shocks. We extend work on disability and displacement, incorporating the COVID-19 pandemic in our discussion of explanations of both labor market disadvantage and precarity. Show more
Keywords: Disability studies, employment insecurity, COVID-19, economic recession, United States
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-230064
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Ostrow, Laysha | Pelot, Morgan | Burke-Miller, Jane K. | Robinett, Kila | Nemec, Patricia B.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many individuals with psychiatric disabilities face workplace challenges that motivate them to pursue self-employment, but accessible self-employment support is lacking. Using participatory action research, Reclaiming EmploymentTM (RE), an online interactive platform that provides self-employment education for people who experience mental health-related challenges around work, was developed to address these gaps. OBJECTIVE: An observational pilot study of RE examined usage, usability, self-efficacy, and self-employment income. METHODS: Participants (N = 97) used RE for six months; survey data was collected at three timepoints to measure entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and income generated from self-employment. Usability was assessed post-intervention …using the System Usability Scale. RESULTS: More than 70% of participants used RE; there was no association between non-usage and demographic characteristics, nor prior use of other self-employment supports. RE users rated the platform at above average usability, although those who experienced long-term unemployment rated the platform significantly lower compared to wage or self-employed users. In longitudinal regression models, we found use of RE was significantly associated with increases in some ESE subscales and mean ESE. Use of RE was not associated with gains in income. CONCLUSION: This pilot study demonstrates acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of an online entrepreneurship training for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. Show more
Keywords: Employment, entrepreneurship, right to employment, psychiatric diagnosis
DOI: 10.3233/JVR-240020
Citation: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
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