Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 8, issue 6

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8624

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. I-III, 1988

Authors: Copley, Alfred L. | witte, Siegfried

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8601

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 819-820, 1988

Authors: Copley, Alfred L.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8602

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 821-823, 1988

Authors: Sourander, Patrick | Breimer, Lars H.

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8603

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 825-830, 1988

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8604

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 831-832, 1988

Authors: Nash, G.B. | Steel, S.A. | Dormandy, J.A.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Blood Viscosity, Blood Viscoelasticity

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8605

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 833-838, 1988

Authors: Bilto, Y.Y. | Green, M.A. | Player, M. | Stuart, J. | Anstee, D.J. | Lambla, M. | Trijasson, P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Measurements of blood rheology in clinical studies should incorporate a quality control programme and, for this purpose, we have studied three approaches to the preparation of an erythrocyte standard. Partial fixation of erythrocytes using 0.04% w/v formaldehyde at ambient temperature, followed by storage at 4°C, provided an erythrocyte suspension which gave stable 5 µm pore filtration values for up to 4 weeks. Incubation of erythrocytes with a monoclonal antibody (BRIC 14) to membrane Glycophorin A caused impairment of filterability which was maintained for up to 11 days. A cross-linked acrylic copolymer, comprising soft spheres of 5–8 µm diameter, was also …developed as an erythrocyte substitute for filtration studies. This pilot study indicates the potential for development of an international reference standard for rheological studies. Show more

Keywords: Rheology, Erythrocyte deformability, Erythrocyte standards

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8606

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 839-849, 1988

Authors: Ernst, E. | Matrai, A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The measurement of plasma viscosity is gaining interest in clinical medicine. In order to define a suitable measuring device, four commercially available instruments were compared: the Coulter Harkness (capillary), the Haake (rolling ball), the Luckham (capillary) and the Rheomed (capillary) viscometer. In terms of reproducibility the Coulter Harkness and the Luckham instruments were best. The Luckham machine offers further advantages in terms of practicability. On the other hand, the Haake instrument is lowest in price, requires the least sample volume and allows repetitive testing. In conclusion, our results suggest, that the Luckham, Coulter and Haake viscometers can be recommended for …the measurement of plasma viscosity. Show more

Keywords: plasma viscosity, viscometer, methods, hemorheology, screening test

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8607

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 851-859, 1988

Authors: Reinhart, W.H. | Straub, P.W.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We have evaluated the sensitivity for rigid red cells of four different rheological tests: viscometry, red cell filtration, red cell elongation in a centrifugal field, and membrane aspiration into filter pores. Washed red cells were partially rigidified with 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 % glutaraldehyde for 30 min. The four tests had a similar sensitivity in measuring the gradual decrease of red cell deformability with increasing glutaraldehyde, with the exception of filtration, which was not sensitive for 0.01 and 0.02 % glutaraldehyde. The capacity of the tests to detect subpopulations of rigidified cells (0.03 % glutaraldehyde for 30 min) among …normal red cells was analysed. The threshold for detection was between 10 and 30 % hardened cells. We conclude that the four rheological tests have a similar, good sensitivity for uniform populations of rigid red cells. Subpopulations of abnormal cells (below 30 %) are less well detected and should, therefore, be enriched in the suspension prior to rheological measurements. Show more

Keywords: Deformability, erythrocytes, filtration, viscosity

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8608

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 861-876, 1988

Authors: Nordt, F.J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A novel rapid in vitro screening model for testing the effects of pharmacological substances on calcium ion mediated mechanical fragility of human erythrocytes is presented. Red cells are rendered rigid and mechanically fragile by calcium ion loading of human erythrocytes via the ionophore A23187. The cells are then filtered through 5 µm pore diameter polycarbonate filter membranes at 20 cm Hg pressure. In contrast to normal cells the rigid and mechanically fragile cells are impeded at the surface of the filter and tensions exceeding the material strength of the red cell membrane develop resulting in hemolysis. The extent of …hemolysis in the filtrate, which can be inhibited dose-dependently by the rheoactive calcium channel blocker flunarizine, is then assayed. The model lends itself as a primary screening method for discovering and developing pharmacological agents potentially useful in the treatment of ischemic vascular diseases. Show more

Keywords: hemorheology, erythrocyte fragility, erythrocyte deformability, calcium channel blockers, flunarizine

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1988-8609

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 877-889, 1988