Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume 4, issue 2-3

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-327

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. I-III, 1984

Authors: Copley, Alfred L.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-301

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 101-101, 1984

Authors: Lasch, H.G.

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-302

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 103-104, 1984

Authors: Schmid-Schönbein, Holger

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-303

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 105-108, 1984

Authors: Winicki, Bernard

Article Type: Introduction

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-304

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 109-110, 1984

Authors: Chien, Shu

Article Type: Introduction

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-305

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 111-114, 1984

Authors: Dormandy, John

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The human red cell may be dangerous because of individual abnormalities or collectively because of a high concentration. The normal range of red cell concentration is probably not optimal and between 1% and 4% of the population are at a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular complications because of a high red cell concentration, albeit within the normal range. There is evidence that it may act as both a primary and a secondary risk factor. A number of mechanisms may mediate this pathological effect, including a direct effect on blood viscosity and bulk blood flow, an effect on platelet aggregation and …haemodynamic effects predisposing to thrombogenesis. The true optimal red cell concentration depends on larger number of variables than is usually accepted and may vary from individual to individual. The therapeutic value of normovolaemic haemodilution is discussed in this context. Show more

Keywords: Red cell concentration, optimal haematocrit, cardiovascular risk factor, haemodilution

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-306

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 115-132, 1984

Authors: Gottstein, U.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The procedures of hypervolemic hemodilution (by infusion of colloidal solutions) and of isovolemic hemodilution (by exchange of colloidal solution against whole blood) have been shown to improve cerebral perfusion. In this review, the literature and the personal experience of the author in this field is evaluated. The concept of rheological improvement of cerebral perfusion was originally developped from the epidemiological observations which clearly identified high hemoglobin levels (or high hematocrit) as an important risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. These findings are in keeping with the extensive clinical experience that high hemoglobin concentration is associated with a reduction not only in …global cerebral perfusion, but also in cerebral red cell flux (flow multiplied by hematocrit). Conversely, anemia is associated with increased cerebral perfusion; there is no evidence that anemia is associated with neurological deficits. Various procedures to reduce hematocrit resulted in improved perfusion of cerebral and peripheral vascular beds in patients. These global results do not allow to draw firm conclusions about the mode of action: arguments for the action of whole blood and plasma viscosity, of the oxygen transport capacity or of vasodilator responses are reviewed. In closing, the clinical results of retrospective and of prospective studies of the principle of hemodilution, presently available, are summarized, as are adequate procedures for its application to patients. Show more

Keywords: Blood viscosity, cerebral autoregulation, cerebral blood flow, hematocrit, hemodilution procedures, isovolemic hemodilution, hypervolemic hemodilution, plasma viscosity, oxygen transport rate, red cell flux

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-307

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 133-149, 1984

Authors: Ehrly, Albrecht M.

Article Type: Research Article

Keywords: Hemorheologicy, Therapy, Defibrinogenation

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-308

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 151-158, 1984

Authors: Lowe, Gordon D.O.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The effects of orally administered drugs on blood rheology and their clinical effects in peripheral and cerebral ischaemia are reviewed. Measurements of red cell deformability remains a major problem, and more sensitive and specific methodology is required for pharmacological studies. Stress tests of red cells are interesting models to investigate drug protection against cell rigidity, but which tests to choose is unclear. There is a lack of long-term, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies of the effects of conventional oral doses on blood rheology ex vivo in patients. Such studies might usefully be combined with future studies of clinical efficacy, which would …then allow correlation of rheological and clinical effects. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/CH-1984-42-309

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 4, no. 2-3, pp. 159-175, 1984