Biorheology - Volume 29, issue 2-3 - Journals

Biorheology - Volume 29, issue 2-3

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Biorheology is an international interdisciplinary journal that publishes research on the deformation and flow properties of biological systems or materials. It is the aim of the editors and publishers of Biorheology to bring together contributions from those working in various fields of biorheological research from all over the world. A diverse editorial board with broad international representation provides guidance and expertise in wide-ranging applications of rheological methods to biological systems and materials.

The aim of biorheological research is to determine and characterize the dynamics of physiological processes at all levels of organization. Manuscripts should report original theoretical and/or experimental research promoting the scientific and technological advances in a broad field that ranges from the rheology of macromolecules and macromolecular arrays to cell, tissue and organ rheology. In all these areas, the interrelationships of rheological properties of the systems or materials investigated and their structural and functional aspects are stressed.

The scope of papers solicited by Biorheology extends to systems at different levels of organization that have never been studied before, or, if studied previously, have either never been analyzed in terms of their rheological properties or have not been studied from the point of view of the rheological matching between their structural and functional properties. This biorheological approach applies in particular to molecular studies where changes of physical properties and conformation are investigated without reference to how the process actually takes place, how the forces generated are matched to the properties of the structures and environment concerned, proper time scales, or what structures or strength of structures are required.

Biorheology invites papers in which such 'molecular biorheological' aspects, whether in animal or plant systems, are examined and discussed. While we emphasize the biorheology of physiological function in organs and systems, the biorheology of disease is of equal interest. Biorheological analyses of pathological processes and their clinical implications are encouraged, including basic clinical research on hemodynamics and hemorheology.

In keeping with the rapidly developing fields of mechanobiology and regenerative medicine, Biorheology aims to include studies of the rheological aspects of these fields by focusing on the dynamics of mechanical stress formation and the response of biological materials at the molecular and cellular level resulting from fluid-solid interactions. With increasing focus on new applications of nanotechnology to biological systems, rheological studies of the behavior of biological materials in therapeutic or diagnostic medical devices operating at the micro and nano scales are most welcome.

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Application of diffractometry and a linear image sensor to measurement of erythrocyte deformability

Authors: Murakawa, K. | Kohno, M. | Kinoshita, Y. | Takeda, T.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We applied laser diffractometry and a linear image sensor to measurement of erythrocyte deformability to detect the light intensity pattern of the diffraction image. Deformability was evaluated as the deformability index (DI), calculated from the width and length of the diffraction pattern ellipse, estimated by the linear image sensor. With the erythrocytes under various shear stresses, the DI was linearly related to results by the geometric method (r = 0.996, P < 0.01). The coefficient of variance of DI at a shear stress of 236 dynes/cm2 was 0.2 % (seven human blood samples), which was satisfactory for practical use. …The DI was independent of the erythrocyte concentration in the range of 1.5 × 107 - 5.0 × 107 cells/ml of suspension. Correlation between the DI and the logarithm of shear stress was linear in the range of 5 to 350 dynes/cm2 of shear stress in suspension media of different viscosities. Heat-treatment, Which decreased membrane flexibility, caused parallel reduction of the DI plotted against the logarithm of shear stress. The method was sensitive and gave reproducible results. It may be useful for clinical applications. Show more

Keywords: erythrocyte, deformability, laser diffraction

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1992-292-311

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 323-335, 1992

Price: EUR 27.50

A numerical simulation of intimal thickening under shear in arteries

Authors: Lee, D. | Chiu, J.J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A model of intima thickening proposed by Friedman and his coworkers (1,2) is incorporated in our computer code to simulate the growth of intima under shear. The computer code is based on a finite volume method in a boundary-fitted coordinate system. It is found that the model yields an evenly-distributed thickening over a straight, smooth vessel wall. However, in a stenosed or a curved artery, thicker intima can be formed in preferential regions due to unevenly-distributed wall shear stresses. The results clearly demonstrate the correlations among the geometry, wall shear rate and the plaque localization in arteries. The model is …applied to a straight artery with a stenosis or sinus, a smooth curved artery and a stenosed curved artery. The effects of stenosis/sinus and lumen curvature on the flows and the intimal thickening are studied. The simulation provides a numerical visualization of the intimal thickening in a dynamic way. Show more

Keywords: intimal thickening, arterial flows, wall shear rate, hemodynamics, finite volume method

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1992-292-312

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 337-351, 1992

Price: EUR 27.50

On transport of suspended particulates in tube flow

Authors: Wang, Shi-Kang | Hwang, Ned H.C.

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: Blood cells suspended in shear flows exhibit much larger dispersive motions than those predicted by the Stokes-Einstein formula for Brownian diffusion. The lateral migration and the erratic motions of the 8IJ.m red blood cells (RBC) is thought to be analogous to a diffusive process. It is shown that the often cited convective-diffusion theory may not be an adequate model for describing the transverse migration of suspended cells in blood flow. A comprehensive review of both the classical theory and of contemporary work in particle transport is presented, with particular emphasis on low Reynolds number tube flows. The mechanisms of …Taylor dispersion, the effects of Brownian perturbations on translational and rotational motions of the suspended particles in shear fields, and the influence of integratable and chaotic advections, are individually examined. The classical experiment by Segre and Silberberg (1962) lead us to believe that particle hydrodynamics may play an important role in transverse migrations. In this light, we have further examined the hydrodynamic aspects of the so-called “tubular pinch” effect, the lateral migration of rigid spheres. We have also discussed the transverse motions of liquid drops, and the reversibility of the organization of suspensions in transport. The convective accelerations in the entrance region of a tube can produce relative velocities between fluid medium and various type of particulates if there is a difference in density. The deformable RBC, an “active-type” particle, can provide feedback to the flow from both mass and momentum considerations; the more rigid platelet, a “passive-type” particle, will experience a much smaller relative velocity as compared to the RBC. We may expect that particles of different densities are transported to different equilibrium annular positions before entering the fully developed flow region. The erratic, lateral movement of suspended particulates in steady laminar tube flow can be described by the usual Lagrangian coordinates. Show more

Keywords: Laminar tube flow, particle migration, rigid and deformable particles, suspension transport, suspension advection

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1992-292-313

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 353-377, 1992

Price: EUR 27.50

Errata

Article Type: Correction

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1992-292-314

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 379-379, 1992

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Contents of Clinical Hemorheology, Volume 11, Number 3/4

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/BIR-1992-292-315

Citation: Biorheology, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 381-381, 1992

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