Affiliations: Department of Social Sciences, Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Rebecca J. Purc-Stephenson, Ph.D., Department of Social Sciences, Augustana Faculty,
University of Alberta, 4901-46 Avenue, Camrose, AB, T4V2R3, Canada. Tel.: +1 780 679 1100/Ext. 1664; Fax: +1 780
679 1129; E-mail: purcstep@ualberta.ca.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Finding and sustaining employment can be a challenge for persons with a physical disability (PwPD) because they may be limited in the work they can do, may require workplace accommodations, or experience discrimination. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to understand how successfully employed PwPDs find and sustain employment, and to use this information to build a conceptual model. METHODS: We searched published studies on physical disability and employment from electronic databases (1980–2015) and bibliographical reviews of retrieved studies. We used meta-ethnography to synthesize the findings. RESULTS: We reviewed 19 studies and identified 10 themes highlighting common issues experienced by PwPDs. Using these themes, we developed a process model to illustrate the dynamic employment process PwPDs’ experience and the factors that create barriers or facilitators as they attempt to find, maintain employment, and/or advance at work. CONCLUSIONS: PwPDs encounter a range of barriers at different stages of their employment journey which make them feel “stuck” and “exposed” in lower-level positions with little opportunity to advance or to move laterally within an organization. This study provides a framework to help rehabilitation specialists, employers, and researchers understand what PwPDs need at each stage of their employment journey to attain more sustainable employment outcomes.
Keywords: Employment, disabled persons, qualitative research, meta-ethnography, social stigma
