Which remote ischemic preconditioning protocol is favorable in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat?

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Varga, Gabor^{a; b} | Ghanem, Souleiman^{a; b} | Szabo, Balazs^{a; b} | Nagy, Kitti^a | Pal, Noemi^a | Tanczos, Bence^{a; b} | Somogyi, Viktoria^a | Barath, Barbara^{a; b} | Deak, Adam^a | Matolay, Orsolya^{b; c} | Bidiga, Laszlo^c | Peto, Katalin^a | Nemeth, Norbert^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary | [b] Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary | [c] Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Norbert Nemeth MD, PhD, DSc, Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Hungary. Tel./Fax: +36 52 416 915; E-mail: nemeth@med.unideb.hu.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:The optimal timing of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is still unclear. We aimed to compare early- and delayed-effect RIPC with hematological, microcirculatory and histomorphological parameters. METHODS:In anesthetized male CrI:WI Control rats (n = 7) laparotomy and femoral artery cannulation were performed. In I/R group (n = 7) additionally a 45-minute unilateral renal ischemia with 120-minute reperfusion was induced. The right hind-limb was strangulated for 3×10 minutes (10-minute intermittent reperfusion) 1 hour (RIPC-1 group, n = 7) or 24 hour (RIPC-24 group, n = 6) prior to the I/R. Hemodynamic, hematological parameters and organs’ surface microcirculation were measured. RESULTS:Control and I/R group had the highest heart rate (p < 0.05 vs base), while the lowest mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05 vs RIPC-1) were found in the RIPC-24 group. The highest microcirculation values were measured in the I/R group (liver: p < 0.05 vs Control). The leukocyte count increased in I/R group (base: p < 0.05 vs Control), also this group’s histological score was the highest (p < 0.05 vs Control). The RIPC-24 group had a significantly lower score than the RIPC-1 (p = 0.0025 vs RIPC-1). CONCLUSION:Renal I/R caused significant functional and morphological, also in the RIPC groups. According to the histological examination the delayed-effect RIPC method was more effective.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, ischemia-reperfusion, remote ischemic preconditioning, microcirculation, histopathology

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200916

Journal: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 439-451, 2020