Technology and Health Care - Volume 29, issue 6

Authors: Brucker-Kley, Elke | Kleinberger, Ulla | Keller, Thomas | Christen, Jonas | Keller-Senn, Anita | Koppitz, Andrea

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Avatars in Virtual Reality (VR) can not only represent humans, but also embody intelligent software agents that communicate with humans, thus enabling a new paradigm of human-machine interaction. OBJECTIVE: The research agenda proposed in this paper by an interdisciplinary team is motivated by the premise that a conversation with a smart agent avatar in VR means more than giving a face and body to a chatbot. Using the concrete communication task of patient education, this research agenda is rather intended to explore which patterns and practices must be constructed visually, verbally, para- and nonverbally between …humans and embodied machines in a counselling context so that humans can integrate counselling by an embodied VR smart agent into their thinking and acting in one way or another. METHODS: The scientific literature in different bibliographical databases was reviewed. A qualitative narrative approach was applied for analysis. RESULTS: A research agenda is proposed which investigates how recurring consultations of patients with healthcare professionals are currently conducted and how they could be conducted with an embodied smart agent in immersive VR. CONCLUSIONS: Interdisciplinary teams consisting of linguists, computer scientists, visual designers and health care professionals are required which need to go beyond a technology-centric solution design approach. Linguists’ insights from discourse analysis drive the explorative experiments to identify test and discover what capabilities and attributes the smart agent in VR must have, in order to communicate effectively with a human being. Show more

Keywords: Virtual reality, chatbots, avatars, human-machine interaction, healthcare, smart agents

DOI: 10.3233/THC-202665

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1057-1069, 2021

Authors: Wang, Bin | Si, Shuaizong | Zhao, Hai | Zhu, Hongbo | Dou, Shengchang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary nodule detection can significantly influence the early diagnosis of lung cancer while is confused by false positives. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we focus on the false positive reduction and present a method for accurate and rapid detection of pulmonary nodule from suspective regions with 3D texture and edge feature. METHODS: This work mainly consists of four modules. Firstly, small pulmonary nodule candidates are preprocessed by a reconstruction approach for enhancing 3D image feature. Secondly, a texture feature descriptor is proposed, named cross-scale local binary patterns (CS-LBP), to extract spatial texture information. Thirdly, we …design a 3D edge feature descriptor named orthogonal edge orientation histogram (ORT-EOH) to obtain spatial edge information. Finally, hierarchical support vector machines (H-SVMs) is used to classify suspective regions as either nodules or non-nodules with joint CS-LBP and ORT-EOH feature vector. RESULTS: For the solitary solid nodule, ground-glass opacity, juxta-vascular nodule and juxta-pleural nodule, average sensitivity, average specificity and average accuracy of our method are 95.69%, 96.95% and 96.04%, respectively. The elapsed time in training and testing stage are 321.76 s and 5.69 s. CONCLUSIONS: Our proposed method has the best performance compared with other state-of-the-art methods and is shown the improved precision of pulmonary nodule detection with computationaly low cost. Show more

Keywords: 3D pulmonary nodule detection, small pulmonary nodule reconstruction, local binary patterns (LBP), edge orientation histogram (EOH), H-SVM classifier, CT image database

DOI: 10.3233/THC-181565

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1071-1088, 2021

Authors: Chen, Xingguang | Chen, Zhiying | Gao, Yueming | Liu, Wenzhu | Jiang, Ruixin | Du, Min | Jiang, Haiyan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Implantable medical sensors for monitoring and transmitting physiological signals like blood glucose, blood oxygen, electrocardiogram, and endoscopic video present a new way for health care and disease prevention. Nevertheless, the signals transmitted by implantable sensors undergo significant attenuation as they propagate through various biological tissue layers. OBJECTIVE: This paper mainly aims to investigate the power loss of an out-to-in body wireless radio frequency link at 2.45 GHz. METHODS: Two simulation models including the single-layer human tissue model and three-layer human tissue model were established, applying the finite element method (FEM). Two experiments using …physiological saline and excised porcine tissue were conducted to measure the power loss of a wireless radio frequency link at 2.45 GHz. Various communication distances and implantation depths were investigated in our study. RESULTS: The results from our measurements show that each 2 cm increase in implantation depth will result in an additional power loss of about 10 dB. The largest difference in values obtained from the measurements and the simulations is within 4 dB, which indicates that the experiments are in good agreement with the simulations. CONCLUSIONS: These results are significant for the estimate of how electromagnetic energy changes after propagating through human tissues, which can be used as a reference for the link budget of transceivers or other implantable medical devices. Show more

Keywords: Implantable medical sensors, power loss, radio frequency link, finite element method

DOI: 10.3233/THC-181485

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1089-1098, 2021

Authors: Siddiqui, Zasim | Wang, Yue | Patel, Jay | Thyvalikakath, Thankam

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Limited studies have investigated the medication profile of young adult dental patients despite the high prevalence of prescription opioid abuse in this population. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the extent and differences in medication usage of dental patients older than 18 years by age, race/ethnicity, gender, insurance status and mechanism of action in an academic dental clinic setting. METHODS: Using an automated approach, medication names in the electronic dental record were retrieved and classified according to the National Drug Code directory. Descriptive statistics, multivariable ANOVA and Post hoc tests were performed to detect …differences in the number of medications by patient demographics. RESULTS: Of the 11,220 adult patients, 53 percent reported taking at least one medication with significant differences in medication usage by demographics. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (21–36%), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (19–23%) ranked the top two medication classes among patients 55 years and older. Opioid agonists (7–14%), and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) (5–12%) ranked the top two medication classes among patients aged 18–54 years. CONCLUSIONS: The results underscore the importance of dental providers to review medical and medication histories of patients regardless of their age to avoid adverse events and to determine patient’s risk for opioid abuse. Show more

Keywords: Electronic dental records, electronic health records, medication usage, pharmaceutical preparations, demography, oral health, natural language processing

DOI: 10.3233/THC-202171

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1099-1108, 2021

Authors: Kamal, Shahul Mujib | Dawi, Norazryana Mat | Namazi, Hamidreza

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Walking like many other actions of a human is controlled by the brain through the nervous system. In fact, if a problem occurs in our brain, we cannot walk correctly. Therefore, the analysis of the coupling of brain activity and walking is very important especially in rehabilitation science. The complexity of movement paths is one of the factors that affect human walking. For instance, if we walk on a path that is more complex, our brain activity increases to adjust our movements. OBJECTIVE: This study for the first time analyzed the coupling of walking paths …and brain reaction from the information point of view. METHODS: We analyzed the Shannon entropy for electroencephalography (EEG) signals versus the walking paths in order to relate their information contents. RESULTS: According to the results, walking on a path that contains more information causes more information in EEG signals. A strong correlation (p = 0.9999) was observed between the information contents of EEG signals and walking paths. Our method of analysis can also be used to investigate the relation among other physiological signals of a human and walking paths, which has great benefits in rehabilitation science. Show more

Keywords: Human brain, walking path, shannon entropy, information, EEG signals

DOI: 10.3233/THC-202744

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1109-1118, 2021

Authors: Park, Jiyoung | Kang, Dongheon | Eun, Seon-Deok

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) show restricted breathing patterns with reduced lung volumes and capacities. OBJECTIVE: To improve breathing in such individuals, we aimed to develop breathing exercise devices using a user-centered design (UCD) and then assess the effects of these devices on breathing. METHODS: Patients with SCI were involved in the device development. Preliminary online survey participants were recruited from the community, and interview and pilot test participants were recruited from a patient self-help group. The four UCD phases were repeatedly performed. Users required fun, easy, multi-player, and safe exercise …devices. RESULTS: Seven breathing exercise devices were developed, and 10 different game-based exercises were performed. Two individuals participated in a pilot test involving a respiratory rehabilitation exercise program conducted twice weekly for 60 min/session over 8 weeks. Lung function was assessed using a spirometer. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and vital capacity showed minimal changes, whereas maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures improved. Participants reported that the exercises were entertaining and that the competitive nature of the game-like exercises encouraged further participation. CONCLUSION: Breathing exercise programs using our developed devices can improve breathing and positively affect the psychological states and sociability of users. Show more

Keywords: Breathing exercise, disability, game-based exercise devices, health, patients, respiratory rehabilitation, spinal cord injuries, tetraplegia, user-centered design

DOI: 10.3233/THC-212860

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1119-1127, 2021

Authors: Frey, Sönke Percy | Yorumazel, Berrin | Hölscher-Doht, Stefanie | Eden, Lars | Schütze, Norbert | Meffert, Rainer Heribert | Jansen, Hendrik

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Critically elevated compartment pressures after complicated tibial fractures may result in fibrosis and therefore scarring of muscles with impaired function. Several studies have shown a relationship between angiogenesis and more effective muscle regeneration. Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) is associated with angiogenesis but it is not clear whether it would restore muscle force, reduce scarring or improve angiogenesis after acute musculoskeletal trauma. OBJECTIVE: We researched whether local application of CYR61 (1) restores muscle force, (2) reduces scar tissue formation, and (3) improves angiogenesis. METHODS: We generated acute soft tissue trauma with temporary ischemia and increased …compartment pressure in 22 rabbits and shortened the limbs to simulate surgical fracture debridement. In the test group, a CYR61-coated collagen matrix was applied locally around the osteotomy site. After 10 days of limb shortening, gradual distraction of 0.5 mm per 12 hours was performed to restore the original length. Muscle force was measured before trauma and on every fifth day after trauma. Forty days after trauma we euthanized the animals and histologically determined the percentage of connective and muscle tissue. Immunohistology was performed to analyze angiogenesis. RESULTS: Recovery of preinjury muscle strength was significantly greater in the CYR61 group (2.8 N; 88%) as compared to the control (1.8 N; 53%) with a moderate reduction of connective tissue (9.9% vs. 8.5%). Immunohistochemical staining showed that blood vessel formation increased significantly (trauma vs. control 38.75 ± 27.45 mm 2 vs. 24.16 ± 19.81 mm 2 ). CONCLUSIONS: Local application of CYR61 may improve restoration of muscle force and accelerate muscle force recovery by improving angiogenesis and moderately reducing connective tissue. Show more

Keywords: CYR61, skeletal musle, regeneration, trauma, angiogenesis

DOI: 10.3233/THC-191635

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1129-1140, 2021

Authors: Zhao, Xiaoxue | Wang, Meizi | Fekete, Gusztáv | Baker, Julien S. | Wiltshire, Huw | Gu, Yaodong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of arch support functional insoles to prevent metatarsalgia. METHOD: Twenty-five healthy females participated in the study. A Vicon motion capture system was used to collect kinematics data of the lower limb. An AMTI force plate was used to record the vertical ground reaction force (GRF), and the Novel Pedar-X System was used to measure foot pressure while subjects wore normal insoles or functional insoles with an arch support during walking and jogging. RESULTS: With the arch support functional insoles, the …first metatarsal (FM) region’s contact area was increased and the peak pressure and time-pressure integral of the FM and second and third metatarsal (SATM) were areas decreased. This suggests a lower risk of longitude stress injuries in these areas. The ankle dorsiflexion angle of jogging with the ‘arch support functional insoles’ (RF) and walking with the ‘arch support functional insoles’ (WF) were significantly increased at initial contact and the knee and hip flexion angle of RF and WF were reduced. The peak hip extension angle of WF and RF also declined. The vertical loading rate of RF was lower, which would be beneficial in reducing the risk of lower limb injuries during jogging. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that arch support functional insoles can be used effectively to prevent and decrease pain and promote a suitable weight-bearing pattern in the foot for promoting the health of young females. Show more

Keywords: Arch support, insoles, gait, biomechanics

DOI: 10.3233/THC-181373

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1141-1151, 2021

Authors: Younus, Muhammad Zohaib | Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel | Syed, Azeem Ul Yaqin | Baloch, Jiand Malik | Ali, Muhammad | Sheikh, Abubakar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dentine hypersensitivity is one of the most common chief complaints of patients observed by dentists in their practice. However, there is a lack of universal consensus over the selection of reliable treatment modality. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness between dentine desensitizer and self-etch adhesive in patients complaining of moderate to severe dentine hypersensitivity pain. METHODS: A total of 254 patients with moderate to severe dentine hypersensitivity were randomly divided into Group A (Single Bond Universal Agent) and Group B (Seal & Protect Agent) according to the treatment provided. Sensitivity was assessed by means …of mechanical (probing) and evaporative (air blast) stimuli. Discomfort Internal Scale (DIS) was explained to patients. DIS scores were recorded after one minute and one month following the application of both agents. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done to control confounder and post stratification chi-square test was also applied. RESULT: The statistically significant difference (p = 0.000) in effectiveness between the two groups was observed. The mean discomfort internal scale score at baseline, after 1 minute and after 1 month in Group A was 3.65 ± 0.60, 2.33 ± 0.64 and 0.41 ± 0.71 respectively, while in Group B, it was 3.55 ± 0.58, 2.40 ± 0.62 and 0.72 ± 0.92 respectively. Overall, 86.6% patients observed improvement in dentinal sensitivity in Group A while in Group B only 67.7% patients reported reduction in sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Self-etch adhesive significantly reduces dentin hypersensitivity, immediately after one minute of its application and is effective for a period of one month compared to desensitizing agent. Show more

Keywords: Desensitizing agent, self-etch adhesive, dentine hypersensitivity

DOI: 10.3233/THC-202636

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1153-1159, 2021

Authors: Alsubaiy, Ebrahim Fihaid | Chaturvedi, Saurabh | Qutub, Osama A. | Mously, Hisham Abdullah | Zarbah, Mohammad Abdullah | Haralur, Satheesh B. | Bhagat, Tushar V.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The aesthetics and strength of anterior porcelain layered zirconia (PLZ) crowns are mainly affected by the zirconia (Zr) coping design. There is a need for a modified design to enhance aesthetics with strength. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of anterior PLZ crowns having modified CAD-CAM Zr coping designs (in terms of thickness and marginal collar designs) with standard Zr copings. METHODS: Fifty PLZ crowns were fabricated and divided into two groups: Gr 1: Standard Zr Coping (SZC) (control gr) with 0.5 mm thickness (Facial-F, Mesial-M, …Distal-D, incisal-I, and Palatal-P) without a collar; Gr 2: Collar Zr Coping (CZC) (test gr) with 2.5 mm collar height on M, D, P and 0.2 mm F and variable facial wall thickness. Subgroups: Gr 2a: (CZC-0.5 mm) facial wall thickness 0.5 mm; Gr 2b: (CZC-0.4 mm) facial wall thickness 0.4 mm; Gr 2c: (CZC-0.3 mm) facial wall thickness 0.3 mm; Gr 2d: (CZC-0.2 mm) facial wall thickness 0.2 mm. The fracture load was determined and analysed using One-way ANOVA and Dunnet test. RESULTS: The minimum fracture load was 927.36 ± 127.80 N observed for Gr 2c (CZC at 0.3 mm) while the maximum fracture load was 1373.61 ± 146.54 N observed for Gr 2a (CZC at 0.5 mm). A highly significant difference in mean fracture load among various Zr coping groups (p < 0.001) was determined. CONCLUSIONS: Novel Zr coping design for anterior PLZ crowns can provide better aesthetics with strength. Reducing the thickness of Zr coping in the aesthetic zone to 0.2 mm and providing a modified collar design (2.5 mm collar height on M, D, P, and 0.2 mm F) would provide strength without jeopardizing aesthetics. Show more

Keywords: Zirconia, copings design, fracture strength, chipping, compressive load, ceramic veneering, marginal collar height

DOI: 10.3233/THC-202782

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1161-1171, 2021

Authors: Wu, Yi-Chao | Liu, Chao-Hsum | Ye, Je-Chiuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical therapy treatment has gradually become important in hospitals. This paper focused on elbow joint rehabilitation, as this form of rehabilitation is used most often. Moreover, most elbow joint rehabilitation programs could be conducted at home without going to a medical institution, which will economize medical manpower. OBJECTIVE: How to judge the correct rehabilitation motion becomes an issue for elbow joint rehabilitation at home. Therefore, this study proposed a residential elbow joint rehabilitation system (REJRS) by smartphone with a cloud database to address these issues. METHODS: REJRS has the ability to judge …the correct motions and times of rehabilitation in real time. When the rehabilitation motions are incorrect, the number of rehabilitation repetitions is insufficient, or a timed rehabilitation session is insufficient, the patient will receive a warning text and light alert by REJRS. Then, the data of rehabilitation sessions are uploaded to the cloud database immediately. RESULTS: Patients can query their rehabilitation data at all times. Moreover, medical staff can track the status of each patient’s rehabilitation at any time and any place by downloading the data from the cloud database via the Internet. In our experimental results, the rate for detecting the correct elbow joint rehabilitation motion was up to 90%. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that REJRS could be applied for residential elbow joint rehabilitation. In the future, REJRS will be verified by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for application to clinical treatment. Show more

Keywords: Physical therapy treatment, elbow joint rehabilitation, smartphone, cloud database, institutional review board, clinical treatment

DOI: 10.3233/THC-212867

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1173-1178, 2021

Authors: Wang, Yong | Xiao, Guohong | Dell’Era, Alex | Zheng, Zhenfeng

Article Type: Other

Abstract: The aim of this work was to describe the physical principles behind the reverberation artifacts in ultrasound imaging and list the correct interpretation. This work focuses on the understanding of the principle of reverberation imaging artifacts.

Keywords: Ultrasound propagation, reverberation, imaging, artifacts

DOI: 10.3233/THC-181457

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1179-1182, 2021

Authors: Balamurugan, S. | Muthu, BalaAnand | Peng, Sheng-Lung | Abd Wahab, Mohd Helmy

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213018

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1183-1185, 2021

Authors: Yang, Linping | Díaz, Vicente García | Kumar, Priyan Malarvizhi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical exercise programs are required to improve students’ physical ability, physical fitness, self-responsibility, and satisfaction to remain physically active for a lifetime. The supporting system’s demanding characteristics include lack of school leadership support, and lack of communication skills among students is considered an essential factor in the physical education system. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based intelligent physical support framework (IoT-IPSF) has been proposed to encourage education leadership and student social interaction in the physical education system. METHOD: Training service analysis is introduced to improve adequate leadership support, helping …in the physical education system’s growth. Self-determination analysis is integrated with IoT-IPSF to enhance effective communication among school teachers, educational experts, and curriculum officers in the physical education system. RESULTS: The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a high accuracy ratio of 98.7%, an efficiency ratio of 95.6, student performance 97.8%, fitness level 82.3%, activity involvement 94.5% compared to other existing models. Show more

Keywords: IoT, physical education system, supporting system, school leadership, communication

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213000

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1187-1199, 2021

Authors: Yao, Hongyan | Wang, Yongsheng | Montenegro-Marin, Carlos Enrique | Hsu, Ching-Hsien

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Internet of Things (IoT) is a hopeful advancement that is an accurate international link for smart devices for total initiatives. Physical Education (PE) builds students’ abilities and trust to engage in various physical activities, both within and outside their classrooms. The challenging characteristics in the learning management system include lack of setting a clear goal, lack of system integration, and failure to find an implementation team is considered as an essential factor. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, an IoT-based technological acceptance learning management framework (IoT-TALMF) has been proposed to identify the objectives, resource allocation, and effective …team for group work in the physical education system. METHOD: Physical Educators primarily use the learning management framework as databases of increased management components, choosing to interact with students, teammates, organizations. Statistical course content analysis is introduced to identify and set clear goals that motivate students for the physical education system. The course instructor learning technique is incorporated with IoT-TALMF to improve system integration based on accuracy and implement an effective team to handle unexpected cost delays in the physical education system. RESULTS: The numerical results show that the IoT-TALMF framework enhances the identity accuracy ratio of 97.33%, the performance ratio of students 96.2%, and the reliability ratio of 97.12%, proving the proposed framework’s reliability. Show more

Keywords: IoT, learning management, physical, education system, physical activities

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213001

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1201-1215, 2021

Authors: Zhu, Yacheng | Sivaparthipan, C.B. | Vinothraj, V.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical health is vital to the improvement of our skills and the enhancement of eye movements. The coordination of good body movement helps to establish a safe position of the body. The challenging characteristics of physical education include insufficient time allocation, inadequately trained teachers, and inadequate provision of the equipment is considered as an important factor. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, IoT-based Computational Narrowband Physical Health Framework (IoT-CNPHF) has been proposed to strengthen adequate time allocation, appropriately qualified teachers, and sustainable provision in the physical education system. METHOD: Massive extended range analysis is …introduced to enhance the duration and time allotted for physical activity that helps in creating awareness about the importance of physical activities and sports in our daily life. The multimodal supervised technique is incorporated with IoT-CNPHF to improve the knowledge of physical education for the teachers and to provide suitable provision for students in the physical education system. RESULTS: The simulation analysis is performed based on accuracy, performance, and its efficiency proves the reliability of the proposed framework. Show more

Keywords: Physical health, IoT, trained teachers, physical activity, physical education system

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213002

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1217-1231, 2021

Authors: Cui, Mengyao | Baek, Seung-Soo | Crespo, Rubén González | Premalatha, R.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Health monitoring is important for early disease diagnosis and will reduce the discomfort and treatment expenses, which is very relevant in terms of prevention. The early diagnosis and treatment of multiple conditions will improve solutions to the patient’s healthcare radically. A concept model for the real-time patient tracking system is the primary goal of the method. The Internet of things (IoT) has made health systems accessible for programs based on the value of patient health. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the IoT-based cloud computing for patient health monitoring framework (IoT-CCPHM), has been proposed for effective monitoring of …the patients. METHOD: The emerging connected sensors and IoT devices monitor and test the cardiac speed, oxygen saturation percentage, body temperature, and patient’s eye movement. The collected data are used in the cloud database to evaluate the patient’s health, and the effects of all measures are stored. The IoT-CCPHM maintains that the medical record is processed in the cloud servers. RESULTS: The experimental results show that patient health monitoring is a reliable way to improve health effectively. Show more

Keywords: IoT, cloud computing, cloud database, cloud servers

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213003

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1233-1247, 2021

Authors: Li, Fen | Martínez, Oscar Sanjuán | Aiswarya, R.S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The modern Internet of Things (IoT) makes small devices that can sense, process, interact, connect devices, and other sensors ready to understand the environment. IoT technologies and intelligent health apps have multiplied. The main challenges in the sports environment are playing without injuries and healthily. OBJECTIVE: In this paper the Internet of Things-based Smart Wearable System (IoT-SWS) is introduced for monitoring sports person activity to improve sports person health and performance in a healthy way. METHOD: Wearable systems are commonly used to capture individual sports details on a real-time basis. Collecting data …from wearable devices and IoT technologies can help organizations learn how to optimize in-game strategies, identify opponents’ vulnerabilities, and make smarter draft choices and trading decisions for a sportsperson. RESULTS: The experimental result shows that IoT-SWS achieve the highest accuracy of 98.22% and efficient in predicting the sports person’s health to improve sports person performance reliably. Show more

Keywords: IoT, wearable device, Internet of things-based smart wearable system (IOT-SWS)

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213004

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1249-1262, 2021

Authors: Sun, Zhijun | Kadry, Seifedine Nimer | Krishnamoorthy, Sujatha

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a popular technological culture in the physical education system. Though several technologies have grown in the physical education system domain, IoT plays a significant role due to its optimized health information processing framework for students during workouts. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, an advanced dynamic information processing system (ADIPS) has been proposed with IoT assistance to explore the traditional design architecture for physical activity tracking. METHOD: To track and evaluate human physical activity in day-to-day living, a new paradigm has been integrated with …wearable IoT devices for effective information processing during physical workouts. Continuous observation and review of the condition and operations of various students by ADIPS helps to evaluate the sensed information to analyze the health condition of the students. RESULTS: The result of ADIPS has been implemented based on the performance factor correlation with the traditional system. Show more

Keywords: IoT, physical education, sensing equipment’s, learning process, efficiency

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213005

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1263-1275, 2021

Authors: Zhuang, Liang | Jumani, Awais Khan | Sbeih, Asma

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nowadays, smart healthcare minimizes medical facilities costs, ease staff burden, achieve unified control of materials and records, and enhance patients’ medical experience. Smart healthcare treatments have critical barriers to improving patient outcomes, reducing the regulatory burden, and promoting the transition from volume to benefit. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the Internet of Things-assisted Intelligent Monitoring Model (IoT-IMM) has been proposed to improve patient health and maintain health records. METHOD: The advanced IoT sensors can monitor patient health and insert into the patients’ bodies. Information collected can be analyzed, aggregated, and mined to predict …diseases at an early stage. For that, an enhanced deep learning network using Bayes theorem (EDLN-BT) benefits to obtain and verify various patient health data in a specific aspect, making it easy to supervise the patient’s activities. RESULTS: The IoT-IMM-based EDLN-BT results show the smart health care monitoring has undergone substantial growth, improving patient satisfaction for the quality of the healthcare services offered in hospitals and many other healthcare facilities. It helps predict health diseases with increased accuracy, prediction rate with minimal residual error delay, and energy consumption. Show more

Keywords: Intelligent monitoring model, IoT, physical health condition, patient satisfaction, sensors, smart healthcare, telemedicine

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213006

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1277-1290, 2021

Authors: Cui, Mengyao | Poovendran, Parthasarathy | Stewart Kirubakaran, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, wearable technologies have gained attention in diverse applications of the medical platform to guarantee the health and safety of the sportsperson with the assistance of the Internet of things (IoT) device. The IoT device’s topology varies due to the shift in users’ orientation and accessibility, making it impossible to assign resources, and routing strategies have been considered the prominent factor in the current medical research. Further, for sportspersons with sudden cardiac arrests, hospital survival rates are low in which wearable IoT devices play a significant role. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the energy efficient optimized …heuristic framework (EEOHF) has been proposed and implemented on a wearable device of the sportsperson’s health monitoring system. METHOD: The monitoring system has been designed with cloud assistance to locate the nearest health centers during an emergency. The wearable sensor technologies have been used with an optimized energy-efficient algorithm that helps athletes monitor their health during physical workouts. The monitoring system has fitness tracking devices, in which health information is gathered, and workout logs are tracked using EEOHF. The proposed method is applied to evaluate and track the sportsperson’s fitness based on case study analysis. RESULTS: The simulation results have been analyzed, and the proposed EEOHF achieves a high accuracy ratio of 97.8%, a performance ratio of 95.3%, and less energy consumption of 9.4%, delay of 13.1%, and an average runtime of 98.2% when compared to other existing methods. Show more

Keywords: Wearable Sensor, IoT, Routing Strategies, IoT devices

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213007

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1291-1304, 2021

Authors: Fang, Zhi | Mahapatra, Rajendra Prasad | Selvaraj, P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently become a prevalent technological culture in the sports training system. Although numerous technologies have grown in the sports training system domain, IoT plays a substantial role in its optimized health data processing framework for athletes during workouts. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, a Dynamic data processing system (DDPS) has been suggested with IoT assistance to explore the conventional design architecture for sports training tracking. Method: To track and estimate sportspersons physical activity in day-to-day living, a new paradigm has been combined with wearable IoT devices for efficient data processing …during physical workouts. Uninterrupted observation and review of different sportspersons condition and operations by DDPS helps to assess the sensed data to analyze the sportspersons health condition. Additionally, Deep Neural Network (DNN) has been presented to extract important sports activity features. RESULTS: The numerical results show that the suggested DDPS method enhances the accuracy of 94.3%, an efficiency ratio of 98.2, less delay of 24.6%, error range 28.8%, and energy utilization of 31.2% compared to other existing methods. Show more

Keywords: IoT, physical education, sensing equipment’s, learning process, efficiency

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213008

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1305-1318, 2021

Authors: Li, Fen | Shankar, Achyut | Santhosh Kumar, B.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Internet of Things (IoT) technology provides a tremendous and structured solution to tackle service deliverance aspects of healthcare in terms of mobile health and remote patient tracking. In medicine observation applications, IoT and cloud computing serves as an assistant in the health sector and plays an incredibly significant role. Health professionals and technicians have built an excellent platform for people with various illnesses, leveraging principles of wearable technology, wireless channels, and other remote devices for low-cost healthcare monitoring. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposed the Fog-IoT-assisted multisensor intelligent monitoring model (FIoT-MIMM) for analyzing the patient’s physical health …condition. METHOD: The proposed system uses a multisensor device for collecting biometric and medical observing data. The main point is to continually generate emergency alerts on mobile phones from the fog system to users. For the precautionary steps and suggestions for patients’ health, a fog layer’s temporal information is used. RESULTS: Experimental findings show that the proposed FIoT-MIMM model has less response time and high accuracy in determining a patient’s condition than other existing methods. Furthermore, decision making based on real-time healthcare information further improves the utility of the suggested model. Show more

Keywords: IoT, cloud computing, fog computing, multi-sensor system. physical health condition, health monitoring system

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213009

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1319-1337, 2021

Authors: Wu, Lei | Wang, Juan | Jin, Long | Marimuthu, K.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Soccer is one of the world’s most successful sports with several players. Quality player’s activity management is a tough job for administrators to consider in the Internet of Things (IoT) platform. Candidates need to predict the position, intensity, and path of the shot to look back on their results and determine the stronger against low shot and blocker capacities. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the IoT-assisted wearable device for activity prediction (IoT-WAP) model has been proposed for predicting the activity of soccer players. METHOD: The accelerometer built wearable devices formulates the impacts of …multiple target attempts from the prevailing foot activity model that reflect a soccer player’s characteristics. The deep learning technique is developed to predict players’ various actions for identifying multiple targets from the differentiated input data compared to conventional strategies. The Artificial Neural Network determines a football athlete’s total abilities based on football activities like transfer, kick, run, sprint, and dribbling. RESULTS: The experimental results show that the suggested system has been validated from football datasets and enhances the accuracy ratio of 97.63%, a sensitivity ratio of 96.32%, and a specificity ratio of 93.33% to predict soccer players’ various activities. Show more

Keywords: Soccer players, activity prediction, IoT, wearable devices, artificial neural network

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213010

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1339-1353, 2021

Authors: Tang, Xiaowei | Li, Fang | Seetharam, Tamizharasi G. | Vignesh, C. Chandru

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical health monitoring may take several forms, from individual quality changes to complex health checks carried out by health staff. Present health issues are detected with monitoring, and potential health problems are expected. Wearable sensors provide users with ease in everyday tracking, although many issues must be addressed in such sensor systems. The devices take a long time to obtain the requisite detection and diagnostic expertise and produce false alarms. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the Internet of Things-assisted Health Condition Monitoring system (IoT-HCMS) has been proposed to track and analyze the patient physical health condition. …METHOD: The proposed IoT-HCMS utilizes the intelligent monitoring model to follow the patient physical health day by day activities and instantaneously generate the health records. The system will indeed support patients in tracking psychological signs to minimize risks to their well-being. RESULTS: The experimental results show that the IoT-HCMS improves accuracy in patient health monitoring and has less response time. Show more

Keywords: Health condition monitoring system, IoT, intelligent monitoring model, patient physical monitoring

DOI: 10.3233/THC-213011

Citation: Technology and Health Care, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1355-1369, 2021