NeuroRehabilitation - Volume 24, issue 3

Authors: Jang, Sung Ho

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The corticospinal tract (CST) is the most important motor pathway in the human brain, therefore, the accurate estimation of the CST state following brain injury would enable us to predict the motor outcome or enable accurate surgical planning. The corona radiata (CR) and the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PL) are important locations because they are related to poor motor outcome. In this study, we reviewed the available literature regarding the location of the CST at the CR and PL in the human brain. The results of this review indicate that the CST is located in the posterior portion …of the CR and PL. However, a direct comparison of the results of previous studies would be impossible because many of the previous studies did not define the exact boundary or analytic standards used to locate the CR or PL. Therefore, further complementary studies that define these in detail are warranted. Show more

Keywords: Corticospinal tract, motor function, diffusion tensor imaging

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-2009-0479

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 279-283, 2009

Authors: Jang, Sung Ho

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The corticospinal tract (CST) is the major neuronal pathway that mediates voluntary movements. The preservation or recovery of the CST is mandatory for good recovery of impaired motor function in patients with a stroke. However, the role of the CST in motor recovery in stroke patients is not well-elucidated. In the current study, we reviewed the literature related to the role of the CST in motor recovery in stroke patients with respect to the following: recovery of a damaged CST, peri-lesional reorganization at the subcortical level, peri-lesional reorganization at the level of the cortex, the ipsilateral motor pathway from the …affected hemisphere to the affected extremities, and locomotor recovery. Show more

Keywords: Corticospinal tract, stroke, motor recovery, hemiplegia

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-2009-0480

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 285-290, 2009

Authors: Yoon, Bum Chul | Kim, Mee Young | Byun, Yong Gwon | Ha, So Young | Han, Bong Suk | You, Joshua (Sung) H. | Kim, Chung-Ju

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We investigated a long-term exercise-induced neuroplasticity and spatial memory recovery in 15 rats in a treadmill as follows: normal control rats (NC), streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic control rats (DC), and STZ-induced diabetic rats exercising in a treadmill (DE). As per the DE group, the running exercise in a treadmill was administered for 30 minutes a day for 6 weeks. Neuronal immediate-early gene (IEG) expression (c-Fos) in the hippocampus and radial arm maze (RAM) tests were measured and revealed that the c-Fos levels in DE were significantly higher than those in NC and DC (p < 0.05). Behavioral data analysis indicated …that spatial memory performance scores, obtained from the RAM test, were significantly different among the three groups (p < 0.05). The memory scores of NC and DE were higher than those of DC (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that exercising in the treadmill increased neuronal immediate-early gene expression associated with neuroplasticity, thereby improving spatial memory. This is the first experimental evidence in literature that supports the efficacy of exercise-induced neuroplasticity and spatial motor memory in diabetes care. Show more

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Treadmill exercise, c-Fos, Neuroplasticity, Hippocampus, Spatial memory, Rats

DOI: 10.3233/NRE-2009-0481

Citation: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 291-297, 2009