Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume 35, issue 6

Authors: Wang, Xiaodong | Jin, Fanyuan | Wang, Dehong | Yan, Juntao | Ma, Li

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases in the modern society, causing a huge economic burden, and has become an important public health problem. Years lived with disability caused by low back pain increased rapidly as a result of population growth and ageing worldwide, with the biggest increase seen in low-income and middle-income countries. In this context, the prevention and treatment of low back pain in the elderly warrant attention and research. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to determine the correlation between vital capacity (VC) and vertebral body translation during lumbar flexion …and extension in adults aged 60 to 69 years. METHODS: A total of 192 adults aged 60 to 69 years were selected by cluster sampling in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China. The VC of the study population was tested and the ratio of VC to body mass (BM) was calculated. The lumbar hyperextension and hyperflexion of the study population were radiographed using a Hitachi 500 mAs X-ray machine made in Japan to verify vertebral body translations in each segment. RESULTS: The differences of test values of VC (P = 0.004), VC/BM ratio (P = 0.012) and vertebral body translation in the L5-S1 segment during flexion and extension (P < 0.001) of the populations aged 60 to 64 and 65 to 69 years were all statistically significant. The vertebral body translation in the L5-S1 segment during lumbar flexion and extension in the population aged 60 to 69 years was negatively correlated with the VC (rs = - 0.207 and P = 0.004) and VC/BM ratio (rs = - 0.248 and P = 0.001), showing statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The vertebral body translation of during lumbar flexion and extension correlates with the VC in the population aged 60 to 69 years. Recognition of this correlation may help to guide further lumbar stabilization exercises. Show more

Keywords: Vital capacity, ratio of vital capacity to body mass, vertebral body translation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210323

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1357-1363, 2022

Authors: Choi, Won-Jun | Kim, Won-Deuk | Park, Dong-Chun | Shin, Doo-Chul

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have compared muscle length and muscle activity for low back pain. However, compensatory movement for non-specific low back pain has not yet been studied sufficiently. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the length of the hip flexor, lumbar extensor endurance and the muscle activity of the erector spinae and gluteus maximus during hip extension, and the compensatory movement of the lumbar in people with or without nonspecific chronic low back pain. METHODS: In this case-control study, 16 participants with non-specific chronic LBP and 17 without LBP were …included. Hip flexor length was assessed by the modified Thomas test. Lumbar extensor endurance was assessed by the modified Biering-Sorensen test. Muscle activity of the erector spinae and gluteus maximus during hip extension was measured using a Delsys-Trigno wireless EMG system. Compensatory lumbar movements during hip extension were measured using a digital inclinometer. RESULTS: Muscle activity of the erector spinae and compensatory lumbar movements were significantly higher in the LBP group. (p < 0.05). Hip flexor length, muscle activity of the gluteus maximus and endurance of the lumbar extensor were significantly differences in the LBP group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Shortened hip flexors, low gluteus maximus activity, and high erector spinae activity during hip extension, lumbar extensor weak endurance, lumbar compensatory movement are potential factors for non-specific LBP. Show more

Keywords: Low back pain, paraspinal muscle, electromyography, muscle fatigue

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210327

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1365-1372, 2022

Authors: Turk, Ayla Cagliyan | Ozdemir, Yeliz Bahar | Karavelioglu, Yusuf | Yetim, Mucahit | Sahin, Fusun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency is associated with cardiovascular disease and poor physical performance. OBJECTIVE: To assign the effect of 25OHD level on cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: One-hundred-thirty-five patients with CAD who underwent a CR programme were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two-group according to 25OHD level (Group 1: < 20 ng/dl; Group 2: ⩾ 20 ng/dl). All patients received CR for 30 sessions. Each participant performed 40 minutes of aerobic exercise with a cycloergometer followed by muscle strengthening …exercises. The patients were evaluated before and after CR by a pulmonary function test (PFT) and a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). RESULTS: There were 77 (57%) patients in Group 1 and 58 patients (43%) in Group 2. Demographic characteristics between the groups were similar. Pre- and post-rehabilitation CPET parameters were lower in Group 1 (p < 0.05). Both groups had significant improvement in CPET (p < 0.05). Post-rehabilitation PFT parameters (FEV 1 , FVC) were higher in Group 2 (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the 25OHD-level and the CPET-PFT parameters (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: 25OHD deficiency in patients with CAD reduces the response to CR. It also affects respiratory function according to the FEV 1 , FVC parameters. In patients scheduled for CR, 25OHD-levels should be evaluated, and any deficiency corrected. Show more

Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, vitamin D deficiency, cardiopulmonary exercise test, respiratory function test

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210355

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1373-1380, 2022

Authors: Jo, Nam-Gyu | Ko, Myoung-Hwan | Won, Yu Hui | Park, Sung-Hee | Seo, Jeong-Hwan | Kim, Gi-Wook

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: While a number of preclinical studies have examined the effectiveness of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a potential treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA), there have been few clinical studies which have indirectly confirmed cartilage regeneration by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate whether LIPUS effectively increased knee cartilage thickness and improved pain and function in knee OA patients. METHODS: This study was a prospective, single-group, home-based self-therapy trial. We included patients (n = 20) with OA pain. Each patient …used an ultrasonic stimulation device (BODITREK JOINT™ ) for more than 20 sessions. Outcomes were assessed by MRI, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) for assessing quality of life. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects completed this study. There was no significant increase in the cartilage thickness measured by MRI after LIPUS treatment. LIPUS therapy significantly decreased VAS score and WOMAC score, and significantly increased SF-36 score. The subgroup analysis in patients with knee OA showed that LIPUS treatment showed better for older patients with lower Kellgren-Lawrence grades. CONCLUSION: Pain, function, and quality of life improved after LIPUS, but there was no significant increase in cartilage thickness through MRI. Show more

Keywords: Ultrasonic therapy, osteoarthritis, arthralgia, cartilage, physical functional performance, quality of life

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210357

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1381-1389, 2022

Authors: Misir, Abdulhamit | Oguzkaya, Sinan | Kizkapan, Turan Bilge | Eken, Gokay | Sayer, Gokhan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKROUND: Optimal postoperative management is controversial after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with and without postoperative sling immobilization after undergoing arthroscopic RCR rotator cuff repair. METHOD: 369 arthroscopic full thickness superior rotator cuff tears (RCT) with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included in this study. Propensity score matching was performed for age, sex, BMI, and tear size. Pain (VAS score), shoulder range of motion (ROM), functional outcome (ASES, Constant-Murley [CM] and Oxford shoulder score [OSS]), and health related quality …of life (SF-36) scores were compared between patients with and without sling immobilization. RESULTS: According to the propensity match score, 92 patients (50 sling immobilization and 42 no sling immobilization) were matched to be almost identical in age (62.5 ± 8.0 vs. 61.8 ± 5.9), sex (female 78% vs. 76.2%), BMI (28.1 ± 2.8 vs. 27.8 ± 2.6), and tear size (2.7 ± 1.1 vs. 2.9 ± 0.8). The postoperative physical functioning domain of SF-36 scores was found to be significantly higher in the no sling group (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: Early mobilization after arthroscopic small and medium sized full thickness superior rotator cuff repair is associated with improved ROM and quality of life scores. Show more

Keywords: Sling, rotator cuff, arthroscopic, function, quality of life

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210358

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1391-1398, 2022

Authors: Yoshimi, Mitsuhiro | Maeda, Noriaki | Komiya, Makoto | Fukui, Kazuki | Tashiro, Tsubasa | Kaneda, Kazuki | Arima, Satoshi | Tsutsumi, Shogo | Abekura, Takeru | Urabe, Yukio

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Shoulder external rotation in the throwing motion involves movement of the scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints, thoracic spine, and the thorax. Restriction of thoracic expansion may decrease scapulothoracic joint motion and compensate by excessive glenohumeral joint motion. However, it is unclear how restricting the expansion of the thorax alters shoulder motion. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate changes in scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joint movements caused by restricted thoracic expansion. METHODS: Kinematic data were obtained using an electromagnetic tracking device (Liberty; Polhemus), from 18 male participants, during shoulder external rotation in the sitting position with and without …restriction of thoracic expansion. The displacements from the start position to the maximum external rotation position were compared, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in the scapulothoracic posterior tilt angle (P < 0.01) and glenohumeral external rotation angle (P < 0.01). A significant positive correlation existed between scapulothoracic posterior tilt and glenohumeral external rotation (P < 0.05) with and without restriction. CONCLUSIONS: Restriction of thoracic expansion decreased scapulothoracic motion and increased glenohumeral motion. Thus, a decrease in thoracic expansion may change scapulothoracic and glenohumeral movements, which may be a risk factor for throwing injuries. Show more

Keywords: Scapulothoracic joint, glenohumeral joint, restriction of thoracic expansion, shoulder external rotation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220006

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1399-1406, 2022