Article type: Research Article
Authors: Jirun, Peng | Zhang, Guoxin | Kim, Hyun Kee | Ha, Seon-Ah | Zhongtian, Jin | Shishi, Qiao | Zhuqingqing, Cui | Lei, Gong | Yoo, Jinah | Kim, Sanghee | Park, Yong Gyu | Wang, Jing | Yang, Yang | Xu, Zekuan | Huang, Zuhu | Lee, Yun Kyung | Song, Eun Young | Kim, Jin Woo;
Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China | Department of Gastroenterology, The first affiliated
hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China | Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The
Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea | Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of
Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea | Departments of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The
Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea | The Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and
Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
Note: [] Corresponding author: Prof. Jin Woo Kim, Molecular Genetic
Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
137-040, Korea. Tel.: +82 11 9014 2389; Fax: +82 2 593 2389; E-mail:
jinwoo@catholic.ac.kr
Abstract: Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used tumor marker
in detecting patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it has been
indicated that HCCR-1 (human cervical cancer oncogene 1) might be supplementary
to AFP in the detection. We conducted a prospective study in 120 normal and 524
liver disease patients to evaluate the significance of simultaneous measurement
of 2 tumor markers (AFP and HCCR-1) in the diagnosis of HCC through the cohort
study in Korea and China. We also performed immunohistochemical studies using
25 normal subjects (N), 32 liver cirrhosis (LC) and 116 HCC tissues. The
sensitivities of AFP (20 ng/mL) and HCCR-1 (10 ng/mL) in HCC were 55.8%
(164/294) and 44.2% (130/294), respectively. When AFP was combined with
HCCR-1, sensitivities increased to 4.2% (N), 12.7% (chronic hepatitis;
CH), 50.0% (LC), and 77.2% (HCC), respectively. Although there was no
significant difference in the diagnostic rate for HCC between AFP and HCCR-1,
many cases for AFP-negative HCC were positive for HCCR-1 and vice versa.
Moreover, the combined use of AFP and HCCR-1 improved the diagnostic rate to
70.8% in small HCC (< 2 cm) and 81.6% in large HCC (⩾ 2 cm),
respectively. AFP and HCCR-1 are independent markers. Our result suggests that
the HCCR-1 could be an useful biomarker for HCC while the diagnostic rate could
be significantly improved in the combined use of HCCR-1 and AFP.
Keywords: HCC, biomarker, AFP, HCCR-1
DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0789
Journal: Disease Markers, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 307-315, 2011
Received 28 June 2011
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Accepted 28 June 2011
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Published: 2011
