Disease Markers - Volume 33, issue 6

Authors: Khojasteh-Fard, Maryam | Abolhalaj, Milad | Amiri, Parvin | Zaki, Majid | Taheri, Zahra | Qorbani, Mostafa | Bazzaz, Javad Tavakkoly | Amoli, Mahsa M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Objective: Both adaptive and innate immune systems are involved in coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate TH17 cytokines expression profiles in un-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMCs) of patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: Expression profiles of IL-17, IL-23, and TGF-β1 were determined in individuals with and without CAD using Real-time PCR. Results: A significant decrease in IL-23 gene expression in un-stimulated PBMCs of patients with CAD compared to those without …CAD was found (p=0.003, OR=0.045, 95% CI: 0.006–0.355). Conclusion: Our data reinforce the potential role of the IL-23 as a critical regulatory molecule that bridges the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system in the complex mechanisms associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Show more

Keywords: Cytokine, gene, expression, CAD, IL-23

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00933

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 289-293, 2012

Authors: Huang, Huiling | Ma, R. | Liu, Dan | Liu, Chen | Ma, Yuedong | Mai, Weiyi | Dong, Yugang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the value of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL (ox-LDL/TC, ox-LDL/HDL-C and ox-LDL/LDL-C) in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in CAD patients. Also, we aimed to observe the effect of statins on reducing level of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL, and explore whether statins still have similar effect on ox-LDL in a short period of therapy (within 2 weeks). Methods: Blood ox-LDL, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG were …measured in cases with acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=177), unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n=195), stable angina pectoris (SAP, n=228), normal control (n=120), and high risk control (n=140). Results: Mean value of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL was significantly higher in the CAD group than in the two control groups. The AUC of ROC curve of ox-LDL, ox-LDL/TC, ox-LDL/HDL-C, ox-LDL/LDL-C and apoA1/apoB were more than 0.50 (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and ox-LDL/LDL-C related with short-term, while ox-LDL/LDL-C and ox-LDL/TC related with long-term prognosis (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after treatment with statins for 2 weeks, TC, LDL-C, ox-LDL, ox-LDL/TC, ox-LDL/HDL-C and ox-LDL/LDL-C decreased by 22%, 28%, 38%, 29%, 23% and 25% respectively. And the reduction of ox-LDL by statins is independent of lowering of LDL-C and TC. Conclusions: Ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL are closely related with AS, and they are better biomarkers for discriminating between patients with coronary artery disease and healthy subjects. In addition, statins can decrease level of ox-LDL significantly, which is independent of lowering of LDL-C and TC. Show more

Keywords: Coronary artery disease, oxidized low density lipoprotein, diagnosis, prognosis

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00941

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 295-302, 2012

Authors: Kumawat, Manjulata | Sharma, Tarun Kumar | Singh, Ishwar | Singh, Neelima | Singh, Sanjeev Kumar | Ghalaut, Veena Singh | Shankar, Vijay | Vardey, Satish Kumar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Ageing is associated with an accumulation of free radical damage, which leads to physiological and clinical modifications. The study aims to find out the status of lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde in geriatric population. Patients/methods: The study was conducted on 150 subjects (75 healthy control between the ages of 20–30 years and 75 elderly subjects between ages of 50–70 years as cases). The following parameters were analyzed using the standard reference methods: lipid …profile, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Results: The present study was conducted to estimate the oxidative stress parameters in geriatric population. Highly significant increase in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), VLDL-cholesterol (VLDL-C), malondialdehyde, catalase and decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase was observed in geriatrics when compared with their younger counterparts. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is enhanced oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defence in geriatrics as compared to younger subjects which could play an important role in ageing. Dyslipidemia has become one of the important risk factors for the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. There is lack of awareness on the relationship between blood lipids and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in geriatric population. The strategy of early prevention should be adopted against dyslipidemia. Show more

Keywords: Oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, antioxidants, geriatric population

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00938

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 303-308, 2012

Authors: Demarco, Ana Lúcia G. | Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes V. | Figueiredo, José Fernando C. | Deghaide, Neifi Hassam S. | de Menezes, Marcelo Bezerra | Demarco, Luís A. | Fernandes, Ana Paula M. | Donadi, Eduardo A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background/aims: The frequency of HLA markers associated with rapid progression to AIDS was evaluated in Brazilian patients with AIDS exhibiting or not toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (TRC). Methods: 98 AIDS patients (25 with TRC, 43 with anti-T. gondii antibodies but without TCR, and 30 without anti-T. gondii antibodies and without TCR) were studied. Results: The HLA-B35 was significantly increased in TRC group (p=0.0038). Conclusion: The presence of HLA-B35 may simultaneously predispose to progression …to AIDS and TRC. Show more

Keywords: HLA, HIV, AIDS, toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, toxoplasma gondii

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00935

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 309-312, 2012

Authors: Muñoz-Barrios, Salvador | Guzmán-Guzmán, Iris Paola | , José Francisco | Muñoz-Valle, | Salgado-Bernabé, Aralia Berenice | Salgado-Goytia, Lorenzo | Parra-Rojas, Isela

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism and is associated with obesity, dyslipidemias, hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LPL gene polymorphisms can be related with the development of cardiovascular risk factors. The present study was conducted to analyze the relationship of the HindIII and S447X polymorphisms in LPL gene with cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican families. The study population comprised ninety members of 30 Mexican families, in which an index …case had obesity, were included in the study. We evaluated the body composition by bioelectrical impedance. Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine biochemical parameters. Screening for both polymorphisms was made by PCR-RFLPs. In the parents, both polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg's equilibrium. We found that the genotype T/T of HindIII was associated with diastolic blood pressure ⩾ 85 mmHg (OR=1.1; p=0.011), whereas the genotype C/C of S447X was associated with systolic blood pressure ⩾ 130 mmHg (OR=1.2; p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure ⩾ 85 mmHg (OR = 1.3; p< 0.001), T2DM (OR=1.3; p< 0.001) and with increase of total cholesterol (β =23.6 mg/mL; p=0.03). These data suggest that the HindIII and S447X LPL gene polymorphisms can confer susceptibility for the development of hypertension and T2DM in Mexican families. Show more

Keywords: Lipoprotein lipase, polymorphisms, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00940

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 313-320, 2012

Authors: Janković, Jelena | Paskaš, Svetlana | Marečko, Ilona | Božić, Vesna | Cvejić, Dubravka | Savin, Svetlana

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We evaluated caveolin-1 expression in the human thyroid neoplasia spectrum with the aim of examining differences in expression as detected by two anti-caveolin-1 antibodies, and secondly, to investigate the association of caveolin-1 expression levels with aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Immunohistochemical staining using sc894 or AV09019 antibodies revealed that caveolin-1 was generally overexpressed in the PTC group as a whole (classical and follicular variant) when compared to peritumoral tissue (PT), while it was …not detected in about half of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and majority of follicular adenomas (FTA). Caveolin-1 expression decreased in the following order: clPTC, fvPTC, FTC, PT and FTA. The diagnostic accuracy of AV09019 was better than that of sc894 for discriminating: FTA from FTC, FTA or FTC from the follicular variant of PTC, total PTC from nonmalignant tissue, and malignant tumors from nonmalignant tissue. Spearman's analysis revealed positive correlations of caveolin-1 expression and extrathyroidal invasion (p< 0.05) in PTC for both antibodies. Additionally, AV09019 antibody correlated caveolin-1 upregulation with pathological T status. To conclude, as an immunohistochemical marker AV09019 antibody performed better than sc894 in distinguishing certain histotypes of thyroid tumors. In addition, increased expression of caveolin-1 may be considered as an indicator of papillary carcinoma progression. Show more

Keywords: Thyroid tumors, caveolin-1, sc894 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) antibody, AV09019 (Sigma-Aldrich) antibody, immunohistochemistry

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00934

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 321-331, 2012

Authors: Ferchichi, Imen | Kourda, Nadia | Sassi, Samia | Romdhane, Khaled Ben | Balatgi, Sarra | Cremet, Jean Yves | Prigent, Claude | Elgaaied, Amel Benammar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We investigate the expression and localization of the tumor suppressor protein pVHL as well as the oncoprotein Aurora A kinase in kidney cancer. Both Aurora A kinase and pVHL protein status were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The Aurora A expression is correlated with the Fuhrman grade and the TNM stage, while the pVHL expression is correlated with the capsule rupture and the TNM stage. Aurora A kinase expression increases in malignant tissue comparing to the non-malignant one. …And there is a decrease in pVHL expression from the adjacent healthy tissues to the tumor`s ones. The two kinds of opposite tumor profiles display significant distribution difference according to TNM stages. It could be proposed that the absence of Aurora A protein associated with a strong expression of pVHL in clear cells kidney carcinoma are of good prognosis for the disease. Show more

Keywords: pVHL, Aurora A, kidney cancer, immunohistochemistry

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00942

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 333-340, 2012

Article Type: Other

Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 341-345, 2012