Effect of mesoporous silica and its combination with hydroxyapatite on the regeneration of rabbit’s bone defects: A pilot study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Pérez Sayans, Mario^{a; b} | Rivas Mundiña, Berta^c | Chamorro Petronacci, Cintia M.^{a; b;} | García García, Abel^{a; b} | Gómez García, Francisco José^d | Crecente Campo, José^e | Yañez Vilar, Susana^f | Piñeiro Redondo, Yolanda^f | Rivas, José^f | López Jornet, Pía^d

Affiliations: [a] Unit of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain | [b] Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain | [c] Pathology and Therapeutic Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain | [d] The Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research (Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biomédica, IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain | [e] MJ ALONSO LAB, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus Vida Avenida Barcelona, Santiago de Compostela, Spain | [f] Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, Lab of Nanotechnology and Magnetism (NANOMAG), Ceramic Institute of Galicia ICG, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Cintia Micaela Chamorro Petronacci, Unit of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Entrerríos s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Tel.: 0034 651 011 815; E-mail: cintia.chamorro.petronacci@gmail.com

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Bone volume augmentation is a routine technique used in oral implantology and periodontology. Advances in the surgical techniques and the biomaterials field have allowed a greater accessibility to these treatments. Nevertheless, dehiscence and fenestrations incidence during dental implant procedures are still common in patients with bone loss. OBJECTIVE:The main objective is to evaluate in a pilot experimental study the biological response to mesoporous silica (MS) hybrid scaffolds and its regenerative capacity in different formulations. METHODS:Two defects per rabbit tibia were performed (one for control and other for test) and the biomaterials tested in this study have been used to fill the bone defects, prepared in two different formulations (3D hybrid scaffolds or powdered material, in 100% pure MS form, or 50% MS with 50% hydroxyapatite (HA). Euthanasia was performed 4 months after surgery for bone histopathological study and radiographic images were acquired by computerized microtomography. RESULTS:Results showed that radiographically and histopathologically pure MS formulations lead to a lower biological response, e.g when formulated with HA, the osteogenic response in terms of osteoconduction was greater. CONCLUSIONS:We observed tolerance and lack of toxicity of the MS and HA, without registering any type of local or systemic allergic reaction.

Keywords: Animal model, rabbit, mesoporous silica, hydroxyapatite, bone augmentation

DOI: 10.3233/BME-201144

Journal: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 281-294, 2021