Mobile Information Systems - Volume 10, issue 1

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130168

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-2, 2014

Authors: Jara, Antonio J. | Varakliotis, Socrates | Skarmeta, Antonio F. | Kirstein, Peter

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Emerging Internet of Things (IoT)/Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems require a transparent access to information and services through a seamless integration into the Future Internet. This integration exploits infrastructure and services found on the Internet by the IoT. On the one hand, the so-called Web of Things aims for direct Web connectivity by pushing its technology down to devices and smart things. On the other hand, the current and Future Internet offer stable, scalable, extensive, and tested protocols …for node and service discovery, mobility, security, and auto-configuration, which are also required for the IoT. In order to integrate the IoT into the Internet, this work adapts, extends, and bridges using IPv6 the existing IoT building blocks (such as solutions from IEEE 802.15.4, BT-LE, RFID) while maintaining backwards compatibility with legacy networked embedded systems from building and industrial automation. Specifically, this work presents an extended Internet stack with a set of adaptation layers from non-IP towards the IPv6-based network layer in order to enable homogeneous access for applications and services. Show more

Keywords: Internet of Things, network communications, internetworking, wireless sensor networks, backwards compatibility, system architecture, IPv6

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130169

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 3-17, 2014

Authors: Oliveira, Luis M.L. | Rodrigues, Joel J.P.C. | Elias, André G.F. | Zarpelão, Bruno B.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) belongs to a new trend in technology in which tiny and resource constrained devices are wirelessly interconnected and are able to interact with the surrounding environment by collecting data such as temperature and humidity. Recently, due to the huge growth in the use of mobile devices with Internet connection, smartphones are becoming the center of future ubiquitous wireless networks. Interconnecting WSNs with smartphones and the Internet is a big challenge and new …architectures are required due to the heterogeneity of these devices. Taking into account that people are using smartphones with Internet connection, there is a good opportunity to propose a new architecture for wireless sensors monitoring using push notifications and smartphones. Then, this paper proposes a ubiquitous approach for WSN monitoring based on a REST Web Service, a relational database, and an Android mobile application. Real-time data sensed by WSNs are sent directly to a smartphone or stored in a database and requested by the mobile application using a well-defined RESTful interface. A push notification system was created in order to alert mobile users when a sensor parameter overcomes a given threshold. The proposed architecture and mobile application were evaluated and validated using a laboratory WSN testbed and are ready for use. Show more

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Internet of Things, ubiquitous computing, network monitoring, mobile computing, RESTful Web Services, push notifications, Android applications

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130170

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 19-35, 2014

Authors: Jara, Antonio J. | Fernandez, David | Lopez, Pablo | Zamora, Miguel A. | Skarmeta, Antonio F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Mobility management is a desired feature for the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). Mobility aware solutions increase the connectivity and enhance adaptability to changes of the location and infrastructure. IoT is enabling a new generation of dynamic ecosystems in environments such as smart cities and hospitals. Dynamic ecosystems require ubiquitous access to Internet, seamless handover, flexible roaming policies, and an interoperable mobility protocol with existing Internet infrastructure. These features are challenges for IoT …devices, which are usually constrained devices with low memory, processing, communication and energy capabilities. This work presents an analysis of the requirements and desirable features for the mobility support in the IoT, and proposes an efficient solution for constrained environments based on Mobile IPv6 and IPSec. Compatibility with IPv6-existing protocols has been considered a major requirement in order to offer scalable and inter-domain solutions that were not limited to specific application domains in order to enable a new generation of application and services over Internet-enabled dynamic ecosystems, and security support based on IPSec has been also considered, since dynamic ecosystems present several challenges in terms of security and privacy. This work has, on the one hand, analysed suitability of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec for constrained devices, and on the other hand, analysed, designed, developed and evaluated a lightweight version of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec. The proposed solution of lightweight Mobile IPv6 with IPSec is aware of the requirements of the IoT and presents the best solution for dynamic ecosystems in terms of efficiency and security adapted to IoT-devices capabilities. This presents concerns in terms of higher overhead and memory requirements. But, it is proofed and concluded that even when higher memory is required and major overhead is presented, the integration of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec for constrained devices is feasible. Show more

Keywords: Internet of Things. mobility, IPv6, Mobile IPv6, IPSec, lightweight, smart cities, hospital wireless sensor networks, handover

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130171

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 37-77, 2014

Authors: López-de-Armentia, Juan | Casado-Mansilla, Diego | López-Pérez, Sergio | López-de-Ipiña, Diego

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Society wastes much more energy than it should. This produces tons of unnecessary CO_2 emissions. This is partly due to the inadequate use of electrical devices given the intangible and invisible nature of energy. This misuse of devices and energy unawareness is particularly relevant in public spaces (offices, schools, hospitals and so on), where people use electrical appliances, but they do not directly pay the invoice to energy providers. Embedding intelligence within public, shared …appliances, transforming them into Eco-aware things, is valuable to reduce a proportion of the unnecessarily consumed energy. To this end, we present a twofold approach for better energy efficiency in public spaces: 1) informing persuasively to concerned users about the misuse of electronic appliances; 2) Customizing the operating mode of this everyday electrical appliances as a function of their real usage pattern. To back this approach, a capsule-based coffee machine placed in a research laboratory has been augmented. This device is able to continuously collect its usage pattern to offer feedback to coffee consumers about the energy wasting and also, to intelligently adapt its operation to reduce wasted energy. To this aim, several machine learning approaches are compared and evaluated to forecast the next-day device usage. Show more

Keywords: Smart everyday objects, social devices, eco-awareness, energy-efficiency, coffee machines, predictive models

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130172

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 79-103, 2014

Authors: Sun, Yunchuan | Yan, Hongli | Lu, Cheng | Bie, Rongfang | Zhou, Zhangbing

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An exciting paradise of data is emerging into our daily life along with the development of the Web of Things. Nowadays, volumes of heterogeneous raw data are continuously generated and captured by trillions of smart devices like sensors, smart controls, readers and other monitoring devices, while various events occur in the physical world. It is hard for users including people and smart things to master valuable information hidden in the massive data, which is more useful …and understandable than raw data for users to get the crucial points for problems-solving. Thus, how to automatically and actively extract the knowledge of events and their internal links from the big data is one key challenge for the future Web of Things. This paper proposes an effective approach to extract events and their internal links from large scale data leveraging predefined event schemas in the Web of Things, which starts with grasping the critical data for useful events by filtering data with well-defined event types in the schema. A case study in the context of smart campus is presented to show the application of proposed approach for the extraction of events and their internal semantic links. Show more

Keywords: Web of Events, Web of Things, restful, information extraction, mobile

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130173

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 105-125, 2014

Authors: Fontecha, Jesús | Hervás, Ramón | Bravo, José

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The early detection and diagnosis of frailty is important in improving the quality of elderly life. Physicians must take many factors into account to achieve an objective and standardised method of frailty assessment. In this work, we present a novel mobile service infrastructure to improve the accuracy of frailty diagnosis in a population of elders, focusing on the main frailty risk factors and applying similarity algorithms based on Gower's coefficient. In addition, we have developed a …mobile application to obtain the assessment results from the implemented services. The results are displayed on the mobile device using hierarchical visualisation structures known as treemaps. The system has been evaluated as a frailty diagnosis tool in a group of elderly patients. Show more

Keywords: Frailty, elderly people, mobile service, similarity coefficient, treemap visualisation

DOI: 10.3233/MIS-130174

Citation: Mobile Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 127-146, 2014