Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism - Volume 15, issue 3

Authors: Tuğgüm, Sergen | Bozkır, Çiğdem | Aslan, Serkan | Yılmaz, Ahsen | Çelikkol, Aliye

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes with an increasing prevalence is a public health problem. Irisin and vaspin, which are secreted a majority from adipose tissue, are discovered hormones recently, and their effects on diabetes are studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to the effects of diet on these hormones levels in diabetic rats. METHODS: In this study, ten-week-old 18 Wistar-Albino rats were divided into three groups randomly. The diabetic group (n  = 6) was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Other rats were divided into two control groups, one of them (n  = 6) was fed a control diet (CD), and the …other group (n  = 6) was fed HFD. The feeding time for all groups was 4 weeks. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used for diabetes induction in rats. RESULTS: At the end of the four weeks, the body weight of the diabetic group decreased significantly. In the diabetic group compared to the control groups, it was observed that besides high fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. Vaspin levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats, while irisin levels were similar between groups. Besides, vaspin level correlation with biochemical parameters such as glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR score was significant. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study showed that besides the evidence that vaspine is a hormone associated with diabetes, diet composition could give an opinion about the type-2 diabetes process by looking at hormone levels. Show more

Keywords: Diabetes, irisin, vaspin, nutrition, high fat diet

DOI: 10.3233/MNM-211586

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 419-428, 2022

Authors: Adams, Moses Dele | Eze, Ejike Daniel

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Borassus aethiopum fruit is claimed to be used for the management of diabetes without scientific validation. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of ethanol fruit extract of Borassus aethiopum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: 36 rats were placed in six groups (i-vi) (n  = 6). Animals in group i (standard) were given 0.4 mls of distilled water (d.w) whereas the ones assigned to group ii, iii, iv, v and vi which were induced into diabetes (by intake of 140 mg/kg body weight [b.w] of alloxan) were also respectively given d.w, 50 mg/kg b.w …of metformin, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w of ethanol fruit extract of Borassus aethiopum , once daily for 14 days. RESULTS: Flavonoid found in the extract (24.04 mg/ml) occurred the most with phenolic (0.35 mg/ml) being the least. While alloxan substantially (p  < 0.05) increased the levels of some biological molecules and enzyme activity, it lowered those of others. The extract however significantly (p  < 0.05) reversed all the alloxan-induced alterations, with the extract at 100 mg/kg b.w producing figures that compared (p  > 0.05) well with those of the d.w treated non-diabetic animals and metformin-treated diabetic animals. The extract also renewed the wholeness of histological damage in the pancreas. CONCLUSION: The bioactive agents of B. aethiopum presented antihyperglycaemic property by preventing diabetes via reversal of alloxan-treatment alterations in the animals. Show more

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Borassus aethiopum , insulin, Arecaceae

DOI: 10.3233/MNM-211589

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 429-445, 2022