Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology - Volume 29, issue 2

Authors: Chen, Liang | Zhang, Min | Jiang, Jinqi | Lei, Bei | Sun, Xiaoyan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: PURPOSE: To further investigate the clinical significance of transient ischemic dilation (TID) on myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) by analyzing the effect of anisodamine hydrobromide (a drug that can effectively ameliorate microcirculation) on the patients with isolated TID and the findings of previous literatures. METHODS: Total 107 patients with isolated TID (TID value≥1.11) were randomly divided into group A (n  = 36; intravenous administration of anisodamine hydrobromide), group N (n  = 36; intravenous administration of isosorbide dinitrate), and group C (n  = 35; intravenous administration of normal saline). MPI and treadmill exercise test (TET) were performed again after 14-day course of intervention. …Pre- and post-intervention frequencies of symptom were recorded. RESULTS: In group A, after intervention of anisodamine hydrobromide, the summed stress score (SSS) and TID value on MPI significantly decreased than those before intervention (P  < 0.001), the durations of exercise (DEs) and metabolic equivalents (METs) in TET notably ascended (P  < 0.001), as well as the symptom remarkably improved. In group N and group C, there were no significant differences in SSS, TID value, DEs, METs, and frequencies of symptom between pre- and post-intervention (P  > 0.05). No significant improvement of symptoms in group N before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: TID with perfusion defect may usually predict a possibility of severe and extensive coronary artery disease (CAD). An isolated TID should be considered as a likelihood of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). TET and coronary CT angiography (cCTA) are extremely helpful for the antidiastole on CAD and CMD. The administration of anisodamine hydrobromide might be an optional treatment for the patients with isolated TID. Show more

Keywords: Transient ischemic dilation, myocardial perfusion imaging, coronary microvascular dysfunction, coronary artery disease, anisodamine hydrobromide

DOI: 10.3233/XST-200803

Citation: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 347-360, 2021

Authors: Li, Lu-Lu | Wang, Huang | Song, Jian | Shang, Jin | Zhao, Xiao-Ying | Liu, Bin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the feasibility of achieving diagnostic images in low-dose abdominal CT using a Deep Learning Image Reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm. METHODS: Prospectively enrolled 47 patients requiring contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans. The late-arterial phase scan was added and acquired using lower-dose mode (tube current range, 175–545 mA; 80 kVp for patients with BMI ≤24 kg/m2 and 100 kVp for patients with BMI > 24 kg/m2 ) and reconstructed with DLIR at medium setting (DLIR-M) and high setting (DLIR-H), ASIR-V at 0% (FBP), 40% and 80% strength. Both the quantitative measurement and qualitative analysis of the five types of reconstruction methods were compared. In …addition, radiation dose and image quality between the early-arterial phase ASIR-V images using standard-dose and the late-arterial phase DLIR images using low-dose were compared. RESULTS: For the late-arterial phase, all five reconstructions had similar CT value (P  > 0.05). DLIR-H, DLIR-M and ASIR-V80% images significantly reduced the image noise and improved the image contrast noise ratio, compared with the standard ASIR-V40% images (P  < 0.05). ASIR-V80% images had undesirable image characteristics with obvious “waxy” artifacts, while DLIR-H images maintained high spatial resolution and had the highest subjective image quality. Compared with the early-arterial scans, the late-arterial phase scans significantly reduced the radiation dose (P  < 0.05), while the DLIR-H images exhibited lower image noise and good display of the specific image details of lesions. CONCLUSIONS: DLIR algorithm improves image quality under low-dose scan condition and may be used to reduce the radiation dose without adversely affecting the image quality. Show more

Keywords: DLIR algorithm, low-dose abdominal CT, image quality

DOI: 10.3233/XST-200826

Citation: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 361-372, 2021

Authors: Alhuthali, Abdullah M.S. | Kumar, Ashok | Sayyed, M.I. | Al-Hadeethi, Y.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The main objective of this work is to explore the X-ray interaction properties of P2 O5 - SnCl2 -SnO bioactive glass system using Photon Shielding and Dosimetry (Phys-X/PSD) software in the energy range 10–150 keV. The study of these parameters will have applications in various fields of nuclear medicine, medical technology, and other medical applications. The value of mass attenuation coefficients (μ m ) and effective atomic numbers (Zeff ) decrease whereas the value of mean free path as well as half value layer increases with rises in energy in the selected energy range. The study results indicate that bioactive glass …composition of T2 of chemical composition (35P2 O5 - 55SnCl2 -10SnO) possesses the lowest value of mean free path (MFP), and highest value of μ m , and Zeff , among the chemical composition. Show more

Keywords: X-ray, Phys-X/PSD, bioactive glasses, nuclear medicine

DOI: 10.3233/XST-200821

Citation: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 373-382, 2021