Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine - Volume 6, issue 2

Authors: Hasvold, J. | Bradford, L. | Nelson, C. | Harrison, C. | Attar, M. | Stillwell, T.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among term and preterm infants. Ampicillin and gentamicin are standard empiric therapy for early onset sepsis. Four cases of neonatal sepsis secondary to Escherichia coli (E. coli) found to be gentamicin resistant occurred within a five week period in one neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). To determine whether these cases could be tied to a single vector of transmission, and to more broadly evaluate the incidence of gentamicin resistant strains of E. coli in the neonatal population at our institution compared to other centers, we reviewed the charts of the …four neonates (Infants A through D) and their mothers. The E. coli isolates were sent for Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) to evaluate for genetic similarity between strains. We also reviewed all positive E. coli cultures from one NICU over a two year period. Infants A and B had genetically indistinguishable strains which matched that of urine and placental cultures of Infant B's mother. Infant C had a genetically distinct organism. Infant D, the identical twin of Infant C, did not have typing performed. Review of all cultures positive for E. coli at our institution showed a 12.9 percent incidence of gentamicin-resistance. A review of other studies showed that rates of resistance vary considerably by institution. We conclude that gentamicin-resistant E. coli is a relatively uncommon cause of neonatal sepsis, but should remain a consideration in patients who deteriorate despite initiation of empiric antibiotics. Show more

Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, antibiotic resistance

DOI: 10.3233/NPM-1365512

Citation: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 173-177, 2013

Authors: Russo, A. | Mirani, A. | Perlman, J. | Miller, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors have been used in the neonatal population for both cardiac and renal diseases. Past reports have described deleterious renal and neurological consequences as a result of these drugs. This report describes two infants receiving enalapril for different indications who suffered renal impairments, likely a result of concomitant diuretic use. These cases demonstrate the risks associated with ACE inhibitor use and the importance of vigilant monitoring when using these medications.

Keywords: Hypotension, ACE inhibitors, oliguria, congestive heart failure

DOI: 10.3233/NPM-1366012

Citation: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 179-181, 2013

Authors: Tsoni, K. | Papadopoulou, E. | Michailidou, E. | Kavaliotis, I.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of gastroenteritis especially in childhood. However, extraintestinal manifestations of C. jejuni such as bacteremia, cholecystitis, pancreatitis and osteomyelitis are rare. Meningitis in newborns caused by this organism is unusually rare. We report a case of neonatal meningitis in a 15-day old term boy caused by Campylobacter jejuni.

Keywords: Meningitis, campylobacter, gastroenteritis

DOI: 10.3233/NPM-1366612

Citation: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 183-185, 2013

Article Type: Abstract

DOI: 10.3233/NPM-1399000

Citation: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 187-201, 2013