Journal of Integrative Neuroscience - Volume 17, issue 3-4

Authors: Zhang, Qing-Lin | Xu, Ming-Jun | Wang, Tian-Long | Zhu, Zi-Qiong | Lai, Fancai | Zheng, Xiao-Chun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: To investigate the relationship between acetyl cholinesterase associated collagen gene (COLQ) mutation in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency and its clinical characteristics. Serum and red blood cell acetyl cholinesterase from patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency (n = 6 ) and normal controls (n = 20 ) were measured by butyryl thiocholine substrate. COLQ gene variations were detected by sequencing. And the cholinesterase (ChE) genotypes were measured by dibucaine inhibition in vitro. The distributions of ChE surrounded the blood vessels and nerve fibers in lung or pancreas tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunofluorescence. …Serum lactic acid, ammonia and other clinical data were analyzed. Serum ChE in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency were only 1/50 to 1/1000 fold of normal controls. Comparing to controls, dibucaine inhibition values of patients were significantly lower, while there were no differences in red blood cells acetyl cholinesterase. Serum lactic acid and ammonia in patients were significantly higher than controls. Inser 1281-1282 GC of COLQ gene was found in 2 patients, while IVS 6 + 21 T > A, IVS 6 + 30 G > T, IVS 6 + 34 T > C and IVS66 + 12 inser T mutations were found in the other 4 patients, respectively. In addition, the patients with COLQ gene mutation were resistant to regular doses of anesthetics. COLQ gene mutation may be an important reason for the lack of serum ChE in patients with acetyl cholinesterase deficiency. Show more

Keywords: Acetyl cholinesterase, genetic variation, COLQ gene mutation, release disorder

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180080

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 439-446, 2018

Authors: Hussain, Iqtadar | Anees, Amir | Algarni, Abdulmohsen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Thermal images play a vital character at nuclear plants, Power stations, Forensic labs biological research, and petroleum products extraction. Safety of thermal images is very important. Image data has some unique features such as intensity, contrast, homogeneity, entropy and correlation among pixels that is why somehow image encryption is trickier as compare to other encryptions. With conventional image encryption schemes it is normally hard to handle these features. Therefore, cryptographers have paid attention to some attractive properties of the chaotic maps such as randomness and sensitivity to build up novel cryptosystems. That is why, recently proposed image encryption techniques progressively …more depends on the application of chaotic maps. This paper proposed an image encryption algorithm based on Chebyshev chaotic map and S 8 Symmetric group of permutation based substitution boxes. Primarily, parameters of chaotic Chebyshev map are chosen as a secret key to mystify the primary image. Then, the plaintext image is encrypted by the method generated from the substitution boxes and Chebyshev map. By this process, we can get a cipher text image that is perfectly twisted and dispersed. The outcomes of renowned experiments, key sensitivity tests and statistical analysis confirm that the proposed algorithm offers a safe and efficient approach for real-time image encryption. Show more

Keywords: Thermal image, chaos, substitution box, Chebyshev system, statistical analysis and key sensitivity

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180081

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 447-461, 2018

Authors: Saleem, Muhammad | Sharif, Kashif | Fahmi, Aliya

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Applications of Pareto distribution are common in reliability, survival and financial studies. In this paper, A Pareto mixture distribution is considered to model a heterogeneous population comprising of two subgroups. Each of two subgroups is characterized by the same functional form with unknown distinct shape and scale parameters. Bayes estimators have been derived using flat and conjugate priors using squared error loss function. Standard errors have also been derived for the Bayes estimators. An interesting feature of this study is the preparation of components of Fisher Information matrix.

Keywords: Maximum likelihood estimators, Fisher information matrix, Bayes estimators, uninformative priors, informative priors, predictive intervals, right censoring, probabilistic mixing

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180082

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 463-477, 2018

Authors: Santhosh, H.B. | Mahesha, | Raju, C.S.K.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study explores the magneto hydrodynamic Carreau fluid in the interruption of titanium alloy nanoparticles with heat generation and porosity. The simulation is performed by combination of titanium alloy nanoparticles into base water. Titanium is strong and light in weight and sit is used in military and aerospace, in bio science it is used as anti-microbial, anti-biotic, and anti-fungal agents. The arising set of partial differential equations (P.D.E) are converted into set of ordinary differential equation (O.D.E) using suitable similarity transformation and then solved by the help of Runge–Kutta with shooting method technique. The computational results for non-dimensional temperature and …velocity are presented with graphs. We analyzed the numerical values of physical quantities (friction factor and local Nusselt number) for various values physical parameters and they are presented in tables. We also compared the current result with existing result under some limited cases. At end of our analysis we notified that the temperature profiles are enriched with increasing values of heat generation and porosity parameter. Show more

Keywords: Porosity parameter, heat generation parameter, Titanium particles, Carreau fluid, dust particles

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180083

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 479-492, 2018

Authors: Wu, Yuepeng | Chen, Meihua | Cui, Yu | He, Xiying | Niu, Jingzhong | Zhang, Yanbo | Zhou, Li

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Objective: Our aim was to study the character of quantitative EEG of viral encephalitis. Method: Collect the EEG data of hospitalized children with viral encephalitis diagnosed by pediatricians from January 2013 to September 2016, and EEG data of normal cases at the same age were control group. Using quantitative EEG analysis technologies to obtain power spectrum value, power spectrum value, 1 power spectrum value, 12 power spectrum value, 21 power spectrum value, and 12 power spectrum value. Relative power spectrum values of 2 and were obtained by calculation. All the cases were divided into 5 groups according to the EEG …character: age 3 group, age 4 group, age 5–6 group, age 7–9-year group, and age 10–14-year group. Viral encephalitis group and normal cases group were statistically compared to obtain characters of quantitative EEG with viral encephalitis. Results: Power spectrum values and power spectrum values of 3–14-year-old cases with encephalitis increased. 1 power spectrum values existed in age 3 group with viral encephalitis and declined at the post-head lead, while 11 and 12 power spectrum values existed in age 4–14 group with viral encephalitis declined at the post-head lead. The value of 2 Power spectrum values of age 3–9 group was limited in diagnosing viral encephalitis. 1 and 12 power spectrum values decrease in age 10–14 group with viral encephalitis. Relative power spectrum values of 2 and increased in age 3–14 group with viral encephalitis; Relative power spectrum values of decreased in age 3–14 group with viral encephalitis, most lead of relative power spectrum decreased in age 3–14 group with viral encephalitis. Conclusion: The character of quantitative EEG of cases with viral encephalitis is similar to EEG, but more detailed, more precise, more intuitive and can be used for clinical diagnose of viral encephalitis. Show more

Keywords: Quantitative EEG, viral encephalitis

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180084

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 493-501, 2018

Authors: Alderremy, A.A. | Saleem, S. | Hendi, F.A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this work, a comparative study of seven well-known mathematical techniques for the coupled Burgers’ equations is reported. The techniques involve in this comparison are as follows: Laplace transform Adomian decomposition method, Laplace transform homotopy perturbation method, Variational iteration method, Variational iteration decomposition method, Variational iteration homotopy perturbation method, the optimal homotopy asymptotic method, and OHAM with Daftardar–Jafari polynomial. Here we considered a practical example which consists of coupled Burgers’ equations with the kinematic viscosity ε = 1 . Convergence and stability analysis is a major part of this analysis. After a careful observation, it is found that …the variational iteration method has faster convergence than all the remaining methods. Adomian decomposition method and Homotopy perturbation method show weaker stability in comparison with other involved techniques. Show more

Keywords: Burgers’ equations, Laplace transform Adomian decomposition method, homotopy perturbation method, variational iteration method, optimal homotopy asymptotic method, Daftardar–Jafari polynomials

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180085

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 503-523, 2018

Authors: Sandeep, N. | Kumaran, G. | Saleem, S.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The flow of magnetohydrodynamic Carreau liquid with the Brownian moment, thermophoresis and cross diffusion effects is investigated numerically. The buoyancy persuades on the flow is contemplated in such a way that the surface is neither perpendicular/horizontal nor wedge/cone. This is very helpful in the design of jet-engine. The equations govern the flow are transmuted using acceptable similarity variables and numerically solved by recruiting Runge–Kutta based Newtons method. The graphical results are obtained to discuss the stimulus of flow, thermal and concentration fields for different parameters of interest. The wall friction, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are examined with the assistance …of tables. It is noticed that the parabolic flow is controlled by the buoyant forces developed by the temperature difference. Since the flow is laminar, the Reynolds number considered as <1000. This study has applicable in man-made products and various industries like pumps and oil purification, petroleum production, power engineering and chemical engineering processes. Show more

Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), Carreau fluid, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, Soret and Dufour effects, parabolic flow

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180086

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 525-546, 2018

Authors: Elaiw, A.M. | AlShamrani, N.H.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper we propose and analyze a pathogen dynamics model with antibody and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses. We incorporate latently infected cells and three distributed time delays into the model. We show that the solutions of the proposed model are nonnegative and ultimately bounded. We derive four threshold parameters which fully determine the existence and stability of the five steady states of the model. Using Lyapunov functionals, we established the global stability of the steady states of the model. The theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

Keywords: Pathogen infection, distributed time delay, global stability, adaptive immune response, Lyapunov function

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180087

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 547-576, 2018

Authors: Motamed, Sara | Setayeshi, Saeed | Rabiee, Azam

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Speech emotion recognition is a challenging obstacle to enabling communication between humans and machines. The present study introduces a new model of speech emotion recognition based on the relationship between the human brain and mind. According to this relationship, the proposed model consists of two parts: the brain short term memory (BSTM) and mind long term memory (MLTM). The input of the BSTM is emotional speech signals. Then, this part gives one copy of information to the MLTM. The reason is that the brain needs to save information as knowledge in a bigger and safer place similar to the human …mind. The proposed model not only provides a computational model of speech emotion recognition based on the relationship between the BSTM and MLTM, but also illustrates a new relationship between brain and mind. The proposed model has been compared with different models of recognition. As the aim is to prove the efficiency of the suggested model, the effect of noise with different noise rates on the input signals has been analyzed in the experiment part. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a powerful capability to identify and explore human emotion even in the noisy environment. Show more

Keywords: Emotional speech, brain and mind emotional learning (BMEL), adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), learning automata, knowledge

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180088

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 577-591, 2018

Authors: Alghamdi, Badrah Saeed Ali

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects an estimated 5.4 million people worldwide. However, there remains no curative treatment for the condition. Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation are the main hallmarks of the disease; they interfere with glutamate uptake and mediate glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and neurodegeneration. As virgin coconut oil (VCO) is well-known as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory natural compound, the purpose of the present study was to assess the possible prophylactic effect of VCO on aluminium chloride (AlCl3 )- induced AD in rat. Alzheimer was induced by intraperitoneal injections of aluminium chloride (AlCl3 …) for 45 days (40 ml/kg per day), and our results showed that oral administration of VCO (5 ml per day for 30 days) prior to the administration of AlCl3 significantly reduced the glutamate level in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex compared to an VCO non-administrated AD group. Moreover, VCO significantly increased the glutathione (GSH) level in both the hippocampus and cortex and significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in only the cortex of the AlCl3 -induced AD rat model compared to an AlCl3 -induced AD rat model with no VCO. Our findings therefore show that VCO preserved the ultrastructural morphology of the hippocampus and cortex of the AlCl3 -induced AD rat model, potentially providing protection against the neurodegeneration in AD of both cortical and hippocampal neurons. In conclusion, VCO has a potential prophylactic effect for memory enhancement, anti-excitotoxicity and antioxidants in AD model. AD is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and it has no particular effective cure. The AD incidence rate increases with age and causes neurodegeneration and memory impairment. As virgin coconut oil (VCO) is well-known as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory natural compound, this study focused on investigating the possible prophylactic effect of VCO on AD. Show more

Keywords: Virgin coconut oil, glutamate, MDA, GSH, Alzheimer’s disease

DOI: 10.3233/JIN-180089

Citation: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 3-4, pp. 593-607, 2018