Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering - Volume 13, issue 1-2

Authors: Nimtz, Günter

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Superluminal signal velocity is widely assumed to confront Einstein causality and thus the Special Theory of Relativity (STR). Actually, there is only the tunneling mechanism known to permit superluminal signal velocities at present. The demonstrated negative group velocity experiments don't represent superluminal signal velocities. In those experiments only the signal's peak traveled faster than light and the signal was reshaped. In this Note we shall discuss why tunneling allows superluminal signal velocities. However, opposed to text books on STR we have shown that a superluminal signal beam does not allow the design of a time machine.

Keywords: Tunneling, virtual particles, superluminal

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120459

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 171-176, 2013

Authors: Pardy, Miroslav

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Poincaré model of the Lobačevskii geometry is derived from the Fermat principle. The Lobačevskii geometry is interpreted as the Lobačevskii-Fok velocity space geometry of moving particles. The relation of this geometry to the decay of the neutral pi-meson is considered. The generalization of the Lobačevskii geometry is performed and the new angle of parallelism is derived. The light confined circularly in the optical medium is defined as the optical black hole. The existence of the centrifugal force acting on the photon is discussed.

Keywords: The Fermat principle, light ray trajectories, optics, the Poincaré model of the Lobačevskii geometry, Lobačevskii-Fok geometry, generalized Lobačevskii geometry, optical black hole

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120460

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 177-188, 2013

Authors: Rowlands, Peter

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The maximal failure of the quantum prediction of the ‘cosmological constant’ creates difficulties for a quantum theory of gravity, and for gravity as a local force, as does the failure of quantum gravity to preserve locality. The attractive nature of the gravitational force and the negative sign of its energy may be indications that it is intrinsically nonlocal and not limited to speed of light transfer. If we assume that gravity is nonlocal, a new set of equations will be needed to reconcile its effects with those observed under local measuring conditions. The cosmological redshift, microwave background radiation and arrow …of time now become purely physical phenomena suggesting a totally different cosmology from the one currently generally accepted. The ‘cosmological constant’ is a necessary consequence and was predicted by this method long before it was experimentally discovered. The calculations also provide values for important astronomical constants in good agreement with measured results, and allow us to make predictions in particle physics such as the masses of the lightest neutrinos. Any cosmology that follows will be a result of fundamental physical laws and not a merely historical record of arbitrary events that just happened to take place in some inexplicable sequence. Show more

Keywords: Nonlocal gravity, cosmological constant, redshift, microwave background radiation, nilpotent quantum mechanics, holographic principle

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120461

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 189-210, 2013

Authors: Roy, Sisir | Roy, Malabika | Kafatos, Menas

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The present authors have explored Dynamic Multiple Scattering (DMS) theory for explaining the shift as well as spectral line broadening, based on Wolf's idea of induced correlation mechanism of the spectral lines. Our recent work, based on the statistical analysis of the Véron-Cetty data (2006) and SDSDD (DR3) data support supports that quasar redshifts fit the overall Hubble expansion law, as in the case of galaxies, for z ⩽ 0.295 but not for higher redshifts, indicating clearly the inadequacy of the Doppler effect as the sole mechanism in explaining the redshifts for high redshift quasars (z ⩾ 0.295). We found …that the redshift possess an additive, “discordant” component of the frequency shifting due to this correlation induced mechanism (DMS) which becomes more effective for ∼ 0.295 ⩽ z ⩽ 3.0. The recent observational data on redshift z versus apparent magnitude (m) (Hubble diagram) are found to be in good agreement for suitable range of values of the induced correlation parameters. Our analysis emphasize on the importance of the local effects i.e., of the environmental aspects of relevance (recent observations of molecular gases, the plasma like environment with spatial and temporal variations of the density, temperature and ionization content of the medium) around quasars, especially, for the higher redshifts (z ⩾ 0.3) limits. Show more

Keywords: Induced correlation mechanism, Dynamic Multiple Scattering, Doppler shift, shifting and broadening of spectral line, quasars, Hubble law

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120462

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 211-233, 2013

Authors: Sacerdoti, Michele

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The speech reviews the Cern experiments AEgIS, ALPHA, ATRAP and ASACUSA for anti-hydrogen production and measure of its characteristics. They all use the Antiproton Decelerator at Cern. AEgIS (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy) is a collaboration of physicists from Cern, France, Italy, Uk, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, Czech Republic, Norway, Qatar. The primary scientific goal of the AEgIS experiment is the direct measurement of the Earth's gravitational acceleration g on antihydrogen. In the first phase of the experiment, a gravity measurement with 1% precision will be carried out by sending an antihydrogen beam through a classical Moire …deflectometer coupled to a position sensitive detector. This will represent the first direct measurement of a gravitational effect on an antimatter system. ALPHA is an international collaboration based at CERN, and whose aim is stable trapping of antihydrogen atoms, the antimatter counterpart of the simplest atom, hydrogen. By precise comparisons of hydrogen and antihydrogen, the experiment hopes to study fundamental symmetries between matter and antimatter. It is a collaboration of physicists from Cern, Denmark, Usa, Canada, UK, Israel, Japan, Brazil, Sweden. Alpha has successfully trapped antihydrogen atoms for at least 1000 seconds. ATRAP is an antimatter experiment at Cern whose long term goal is the precise laser or microwave spectroscopy of trapped antihydrogen to make the most stringent lepton and baryon CPT tests. It is a collaboration of physicists from Usa, Germany, Uk. ASACUSA (Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) is an antimatter experiment studying: laser and microwave precision spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium atoms (i.e., antiproton+electron+helium nucleus) for testing the CPT (matter-antimatter) symmetry, and contributing to the fundamental physical constants, antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine splitting measurement, for testing the CPT symmetry, atomic and nuclear collision cross sections at extremely low energies. It is a collaboration of physicists from Cern, Austria, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Uk, Northern Ireland. Show more

Keywords: Antimatter, gravity, antihydrogen, CERN, AEGIS, ATRAP, ALPHA, ASACUSA

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120463

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 235-243, 2013

Authors: Trell, Erik

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the immediate intuitive as well as penetrating logical contemplation, the universe stands forth as an ever-present entity; consisting solely of itself, and fulfilling solely itself. A truism and a truth, and also a conclusion by proxy because its shape expressions are covered by curvilinear mathematical functions which completely exhaust their solution spaces, displacing any ‘parallel’ universes to isolates of less perfection since the fundamental formative categories of straight and round are thereby already consummated by our version. My first impression, under the northern light upon the velvet screen in starry polar nights of childhood Lapland, still holds, then, of …the shining moon continuously swirling along with me and everything else from our preceding moment into our next, with the advancing now-slice flanked by the blackened archive of used and pending slices always restoring precisely enough room for the whole past and future at the one and same time. This vision and its lingering question may here be resolved by a facts and findings-based scientific testing which I feel is facilitated by my meantime experience as a rational researcher in a related field of descriptive natural history as well as by another archetypal arctic apprehension hard to miss when witnessing the instant change of water to ice from hence isotropically dispersed origins at once inflated over the entire surface of a freezing lake: it is a phase transition, where one uniform element alone is simultaneously spanned into an alternative principal form of space-filling alignment and where dynamics flares up in that timeless quantum fluctuation. Like the partial derivatives of differential equations the irreducible unit in question is the infinitesimal straight line undergoing the classical three-dimensional Euclidean space Lie algebra transformation of its orientation “between the Plücker line geometry and a geometry whose elements are the space's spheres”. Coming back later to the ontology and prescribed machinery of this, the fully and easily reproducible outcome comprises the complete observed elementary particle spectroscopy with detailed mass numbers, charge levels and angular momentums organized in a continuously space-filling polyhedral space frame lattice architecture that over sequential levels of self-expansion meets up with presently disclosed nanotechnological structures so as to directly making up matter in a binary digital mode which is essentially that of dialectics and logic, too, consorting the Cartesian cut between concrete and abstract; matter and mind; structure and language from the very start. As actual realization as well as computational method, the only, and prior, and equally definite and uncircumventable parallel is professor Santilli's revolutionary iso-. geno- and hypermathematics, whereas for structure the only parallel to straight is-straight, leaving scant latitude at least for a simpler workable universe. Show more

Keywords: Antiparticles, atom honeycombs, computational method, digital universe, elementary particle spectroscopy, Euclidean space, hadronic mechanics, information systems, Lie algebra realization, mass numbers, nanotechnology, periodic system, phase transition, quarks, regular solids, truncated octahedron

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120464

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 245-270, 2013

Authors: Udrişte, Constantin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper studies a nonholonomic black hole system as kernel of a Gibbs-Pfaff form or by the span of four appropriate vector fields. Joining techniques from Riemannian geometry, optimal control and thermodynamics, we create a new geometrical model for black holes systems that produce meaningful results. We give the solution of a two-time optimal control problem describing the torsion of a nonholonomic black hole, taken as parameters of evolution the entropy and the angular momentum. Also we prove that the nonholonomic black holes systems can be controlled by uni-temporal or bi-temporal bang-bang controls.

Keywords: Nonholonomic black hole, Lorentz-Vrănceanu geometrization, torsion of a nonholonomic black hole, bang-bang controls

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120465

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 271-278, 2013

Authors: Verreault, René

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: After some 170 years of Foucault pendulum experiments, the linear theory fails to quantitatively explain the results of any honest meticulous experiment. The pendulum motion usually degenerates into elliptical orbits after a few minutes. Moreover, unexplained discrepancies up to ± 20% in precession velocity are not uncommon. They are mostly regarded as a consequence of the elliptic motion of the bob associated with suspension anisotropy or as a lack of care in starting the pendulum motion. Over some 130 years, an impressive amount of talented physicists, engineers and mathematicians have contributed to a better partial understanding of the pendulum behaviour. …In this work, the concept of biresonance is introduced to represent the motion of the spherical pendulum. It is shown that biresonance can be represented graphically by the isomorphism of the Poincaré sphere. This new representation of the pendulum motion greatly clarifies its natural response to various anisotropic situations, including Airy precession. Anomalous observations in pendulum experiments by Allais are analyzed. These findings suggest that a pendulum placed within a mass distribution such as the earth, the moon and the sun should be treated as an interior problem, which can better be addressed by Santilli's new theory of gravitation than by those of Newton and Einstein. Show more

Keywords: Pendulum, gravitation, anisotropy, Poincaré sphere, biresonance, linear biresonance, circular biresonance, syzygy

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120466

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 279-290, 2013

Authors: Whitney, Cynthia Kolb

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper is about some of the ways in which the study of Cosmology has been key, both in initially developing, and in probing retroactively into, the foundations of modern physics. The past role of cosmological observations in triggering the development of mathematical physics, and modern science in general, is well known. But the present role of cosmological observations in possibly triggering a review of some never-challenged assumptions is playing out only presently, and so is not completely known yet. The cosmological observations cited in this paper concern the apparently universal pattern displayed by barred spiral galaxies. The typical barred …spiral galaxy follows a common ‘body plan’ consisting of two spiral arms, acutely curved, and a central bar, not exactly straight. The arm curvature seems about the same for all such galaxies, and the bar wandering, if it is visible, is similar in initial slope to the arms. The several issues in physical theory that this so-common pattern invites us to acknowledge and investigate first arose in Electrodynamics. They then propagated into Quantum Mechanics and into Special Relativity Theory, and then into General Relativity Theory. Quantum Mechanics and Relativity Theory are the main pillars of twentieth century physics. So better clarifying the issues in Electrodynamics is important. If that elucidation comes to pass, Cosmology will have driven modern science, yet again, to a new level of understanding. Show more

Keywords: Galaxy evolution, galaxy morphology, Galilean transformations, Gaussian pulses, general relativity, generalized functions, Hermite polynomials, Liénard-Wiechert potentials and fields, Lorentz transformations, Maxwell's equations, quantum gravity, quantum mechanics, special relativity, tensor analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120467

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 291-302, 2013

Authors: Ying, Leong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It is proposed that the normal particle states of matter and antimatter has identical twin states with reversed negative quantities, including time-reversal. These negative-valued particles will be referred to as anti-matter and anti-antimatter to differentiate them from normal particles.

Keywords: Antimatter, twin universe, dark fluids, space, time, energy, entropy

DOI: 10.3233/JCM-120468

Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1-2, pp. 303-305, 2013