Journal of Cellular Biotechnology - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Avila, Fabiola Lopez | Stürmer, Sophie | Monteleone, Adrian | Neely, Dave | Kuhajda, Bernard R. | George, Anna | Knoll, Martin | Schary, Weronika | Fath, Andreas

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND, Different preservation media used on fish samples may influence the digestion of organic matter for microplastic (MP) particle detection. Comparison of fresh and conserved fish is thereby problematic. OBJECTIVE, For quality assurance purposes and comparability of MP research, a method for digestion of preserved tissue like intestine with little impact on most MP particles was implemented. METHODS, Conserved fish samples were digested using SDS, KOH and Fenton’s reagents. The effect of the different chemicals used on different MP particles was then analyzed using Raman hit quality. Therefore, different filter materials were investigated using PMMA particles. …RESULTS, Moist grided nitrocellulose filter was found best suited for this study. The effects of this digestion protocol on different polymer particles differed among polymers. Two of the used polymer particles dissolved during SDS + KOH treatment. PVC hard showed the highest loss of Raman hit quality (29.5 %). Some fish showed residues of sand or chitin from insects depending on their feeding strategy which could not be digested using this protocol. CONCLUSION, Not every polymer could be detected reliably using this protocol. For residues like sand or chitin, a density separation and enzymatic chitin degradation using chitinase may be needed, which could be implemented into this protocol. Show more

Keywords: Microplastic analysis, ingestion, preserved fish, preparation, recovery, digestion methods, Raman spectroscopy, digestive fish tract

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-220076

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2022

Authors: Zhang, Zhongbai | Qin, Xueting | Chen, Jingxun | Li, Yanchun | Chen, Huaxin | Xie, Hongwei | Yang, Min | Li, Chuang | Wang, Zhenghui | Zhang, Mei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is an important threat to human health. The pathological basis is atherosclerosis, and foam cell formation is the key link in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Here, foam cell models were established using 50 ng/ml oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to stimulate in vitro cultures of THP-1 cells for 72 h. The expression of ZNF580, a Cys2–His2 (C2H2) zinc finger protein containing 172 amino acids that was originally cloned by screening a human aortic cDNA library, was measured in foam cells, and its interaction with various regulatory factors during foam cell formation was investigated. Oil red O (ORO) staining …was used to observe cell morphology and intracellular lipid levels. Lentivirus transfection was used to induce high ZNF580 expression (Ad-ZNF580) and low ZNF580 expression (Si-ZNF580) in THP-1 cells, and a fluorescent inverted microscope was used to observe the distribution of ZNF580 immunofluorescence to deduce the transfection rate. RNA and total protein were extracted, and the expression levels of ZNF580, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The protein levels were examined by western blotting to evaluate the interaction between ZNF580 and associated regulatory factors. ZNF580 can significantly increase the expression levels of ApoE and ABCA1 and significantly decrease the expression levels of CD36 and PPAR-γ, suggesting that ZNF580-mediated inhibition of foam cell formation is associated with the PPAR-γ-CD36 signalling pathway. Based on these findings, ZNF580 might be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Show more

Keywords: ZNF 580, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, foam cells

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-220063

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2022

Authors: Joshi, Sourabh | Pendyala, Gowri | Padmawar, Neeta | Mopagar, Viddyasagar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Enamel Matrix Derivatives (EMD) is a novel biomaterial that has been discovered in the late ’90 s and has found numerous uses in the field of periodontics. It is mainly used in areas that require natural regeneration and healing. It has found applications in other branches of dentistry, such as; wound healing, regenerative procedures, endodontics, pedodontics, and others. It mainly consists of amelogenins and other proteins such as amelin, enamelin, tufetelin etc. It is known to increase cementogenesis and improve periodontal attachment. The amount of research done on this product is very little and very scattered. The maximum amount of research …has been done regarding its use in periodontic surgery and other related procedures since it had been initially discovered as a material that would increase periodontal attachment. Given its various biological properties, it is safe to say that it has the potential to succeed in other branches. Our review, therefore, aims to collect and present the research performed and ongoing research potential regarding EMD products, which are now available in a gel-based form known as Emdogain. Show more

Keywords: Biomaterials, clinical applications, enamel matrix proteins, enamel matrix derivatives, Emdogain

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-220078

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2022

Authors: Bandre, Gulshan | Bankar, Nandkishor | Makade, Jagadish | Hawale, Dattu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Bacteria may develop antibiotic resistance due to unintentional DNA alterations that give them a survival advantage. Bacteria may develop antibiotic resistance due to unintentional DNA alterations that give them a survival advantage. Finding genetic changes and understanding how they enable bacteria to withstand antibiotic attacks will be crucial to our ability to develop new medications to combat them.

Keywords: Antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, mutation, drug-resistant microorganisms

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-230086

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2023