Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume 36, issue 4

Authors: Yüce, Ali | Erkurt, Nazım | İğde, Niyazi | Mısır, Abdulhamit

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Videos uploaded to YouTube do not go through a review process. The educational aspect of these videos may be insufficient for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFP). OBJECTIVE: To examine the reliability and educational quality of PFP videos on YouTube. METHODS: A standard search was performed in the YouTube database using the following terms: patellofemoral pain syndrome/anterior knee pain syndrome/anterior knee pain/patellofemoral pain. For each search term, the top 50 videos based on “relevance” assignment of YouTube’s algorithm were included in the examination. The remaining 96 videos after exclusion were included in the study. …The educational quality and reliability of videos was analyzed using DISCERN, JAMA (The criteria of Journal of the American Medical Association), GQS (Global Quality Score) and PFPSS (Patellofemoral Pain Specific Score). RESULTS: According to PFPSS, 81.2% of the videos were evaluated as low and very low quality. According to the DISCERN classification, 74.9% of the videos were evaluated as poor and very poor. According to GQS, 59.4% of the videos had scores of 2 or less, which were considered poor quality. According to JAMA, 41.7% of the videos scored 2 and below. CONCLUSIONS: The information content of YouTube videos is inadequate. Video design should be created to be understandable by patients and to attract their attention while making these videos. Show more

Keywords: Patellofemoral pain syndrome, DISCERN, patient education, quality of information, YouTube

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220158

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 903-910, 2023

Authors: Nanjo, Keigo | Ikeda, Takashi | Nagashio, Naoko | Sakai, Tomoko | Jinno, Tetsuya

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The population of older adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related disabilities is increasing globally. However, studies regarding instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in older adults with knee OA are limited. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the psychological factors associated with IADL disability in older adults with moderate to severe knee OA. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 179 patients with knee OA aged ⩾ 65 years. The six-item short form of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-6), the four-item short form of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-4), and the fifteen-item …Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were used to assess psychological factors. The participants were divided into IADL disabled and non-disabled groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed with the IADL disability status as the dependent variable. The PCS-6, PSEQ-4, and GDS-15 tools were included as independent variables in the logistic regression model. RESULTS: Of the 179 participants, 88 (49.1%) showed disability in conducting IADL. PSEQ-4 (odds ratio = 0.90, 95%; confidence interval = 0.82–0.99, p = 0.02) was a significant independent variable among all psychological factors. CONCLUSION: Even after controlling for cofounders, our study found that self-efficacy, assessed using the PSEQ-4, was related to IADL disability in older adults with moderate to severe knee OA. Show more

Keywords: Gait speed, activities of daily living, knee osteoarthritis, aged, pain, self-efficacy

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220197

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 911-920, 2023

Authors: Shaheen, Afaf A.M. | Masoud, Afnan | Omar, Mohammed T.A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pediatric Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (PedsFACIT-F) measures fatigue in various clinical settings. OBJECTIVE: To verify the measurement properties of the Arabic version (PedsFACIT-F-Ar) in patients with cancer. METHODS: In this cross-sectional validation study, the PedsFACIT-F and the Pediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS) were administered to 114 participants (74 boys and 40 girls) aged 8–18. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the structural validity of PedsFACIT-F-Ar. Its construct validity was investigated using the hypothesis testing method to predict a moderate correlation (rho ⩾ …0.4) with the PedsQL-MFS domains and the total score. Its reliability was also tested. RESULTS: The PedsFACIT-F-Ar is a two-factor model that explains 67.38% of the total variance. It is significantly correlated with PedsQL-MFS (rho > 0.84). It displayed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.93) and test-retest reliability (ICC 2.1 = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.96–0.99). Bland–Altman’s analysis revealed the absence of a systematic error between the two test sessions. The standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change (MDC 95 ), and MDC% were 0.92, 2.56 points, and 2.88%, respectively, with no floor or ceiling effects. CONCLUSIONS: The PedsFACIT-F-Ar demonstrated excellent psychometric properties. The findings suggest the clinical usefulness of this scale. Show more

Keywords: Validity, reliability, neoplasm, fatigue, assessment

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220234

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 921-930, 2023

Authors: Chen, Can | Yang, Sen | Tang, Yong | Zhang, Chengmin | Yu, Xueke | Li, Kai | Chen, Chunhua | Dai, Wei | Rong, Zhigang | Luo, Fei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of degenerative spinal deformity (DSD) has gradually increased in the elderly. Currently, the relationship between the functional status of trunk muscle and the spinal-pelvic parameters of DSD patients remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to explore the relationship between the two factors and provide new clues for exploring the mechanism of the occurrence and development of DSD. METHODS: A total of 41 DSD patients treated in our hospital (DSD group) and 35 healthy volunteers (control group) were selected. Muscle strength was evaluated using an IsoMed-2000 isokinetic dynamometer, and the …trunk flexor and extensor peak torque (PT) of subjects was measured at a low, medium, and high angular velocity of 30 ∘ /s, 60 ∘ /s, and 120 ∘ /s, respectively. Hand grip strength (HGS) was assessed using an electronic grip dynamometer and Surgimap software was used to measure the spinal-pelvic parameters, including the sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence rate (PI), and PI-LL, and the relationship between trunk muscle function and various parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: Under the three angular velocities, the flexor and extensor PT values in the DSD group were lower than those in the control group, and only the extensor PT showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in HGS between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the DSD group, the extensor PT at 30 ∘ /s was significantly negatively correlated with SVA (P < 0.05). At 60 ∘ /s and 120 ∘ /s, the extensor PT was significantly negatively correlated with SVA and PT (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Trunk extensor strength is significantly lower in DSD patients than in normal controls. The decline in trunk extensor strength in DSD patients is a type of local muscle dysfunction more closely related to the deformity, which is likely involved in the compensatory mechanism of DSD and may reflect the overall imbalance of the trunk. Show more

Keywords: Muscle strength, radiology, spinal curvatures, abnormalities

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220288

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 931-940, 2023

Authors: Ikeda, Takuro | Takeda, Koichi | Ikeda, Masashi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported altered neural activity in the motor cortex after short-term cast immobilization, even in healthy participants. However, the effects of short-term movement restriction on tissue structure are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of short-term lower limb immobilization on muscle tissue hardness. METHODS: Seventeen healthy participants were enrolled in the study. Each participant’s non-dominant lower limb was fixed with a soft bandage and medical splint for 10 h. Gastrocnemius muscle tissue hardness was measured using a tissue hardness meter before cast application and immediately after cast removal. …Measurements were performed five times for each lower limb, and the three values with the lowest coefficient of variance were adopted as the value of muscle tissue hardness. RESULTS: Gastrocnemius muscle tissue hardness in the immobilized limb was lower after cast removal than that before cast application (from 53.6 to 51.8; p < 0.01), whereas the non-fixed limb showed an increase in muscle tissue hardness at the end of the experiment (from 52.9 to 54.3; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that 10 h movement restriction induced a reduction in muscle tissue hardness, suggesting acute adverse effects of cast immobilization for orthopedic treatment. Show more

Keywords: Immobilization, lack of physical activity, orthopedic fixation devices, muscular diseases

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220339

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 941-946, 2023

Authors: Dudoniene, Vilma | Adomaitytė, Andrė | Žlibinaitė, Laura

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Different interventions are used during rehabilitation after hip replacement surgery, but it is unclear if task-oriented exercise is more effective than conventional physiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effectiveness of conventional physiotherapy (CPT) programme with task-oriented exercise (TOE) on hip pain, function, static and dynamic balance during the early rehabilitation stage after total hip replacement. METHODS: This randomized controlled parallel-group trial was executed in an inpatient physical medicine and rehabilitation centre. The study included 40 patients who were randomly classified into CPT and TOE groups (n = …20 in each). Hip pain (assessed by visual analogue scale), function in the operated leg (assessed by modified Harris Hip Score, mHHS), static balance (assessed by Abili Balance analyser system) and dynamic balance (assessed by Berg Balance Scale) were evaluated at baseline and after 18 days of rehabilitation. Cohen’s effect size (d ) was calculated. RESULTS: Greater pain reduction (p < 0.05; d = 0.08) was observed after TOE (1.6 ± 0.68 scores) compared with the CPT programme (2.2 ± 0.83 scores). Hip function assessed by the modified mHHS improved more (p < 0.05; d = 0.30) in the TOE group (73.45 ± 6.23 scores) than in the CPT group (54.90 ± 6.28 scores). Static balance improved significantly in both groups after the interventions but did not differ significantly between the groups. The improvement in dynamic balance was significantly greater (p < 0.05; d = 0.45) after TOE (50.55 ± 1.57 scores) than after CPT (38.55 ± 3.43 scores). CONCLUSION: Both interventions reduced pain and improved function of the operated leg and static and dynamic balance. The effect on hip function was superior for TOE compared with CPT. Show more

Keywords: Inpatients, leg, quality of life, pain, osteoarthritis

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220340

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 947-955, 2023

Authors: Cuyul-Vásquez, Iván | Ponce-Fuentes, Felipe | Salazar, Joaquín | Fuentes, Jorge | Araya-Quintanilla, Felipe

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has suggested that reversal of gray or white matter abnormalities could be a criterion of recovery in patients with chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions in reversing gray and white matter abnormalities in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHODS: An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE (Via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, PEDro, and CENTRAL databases. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, which assessed the change in gray and white matter abnormalities after exercise-based interventions were selected. The …risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias II tool. RESULTS: Four RCTs were included (n = 386). Three studies showed reversal of abnormalities with exercise-based interventions compared to control groups. The reversal was observed in the gray matter volume in the medial orbital prefrontal cortex and in the supplementary motor area of patients with osteoarthritis, in the hippocampus, insula, amygdala and thalamus in fibromyalgia patients. Furthermore, in patients with chronic spinal pain, reversal was observed in the gray matter thickness of the frontal middle caudal cortex and in the caudate, putamen and thalamus gray matter volume. CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for reversing gray and white matter abnormalities in patients with chronic pain. Further studies are still needed in this field. Show more

Keywords: Chronic pain, musculoskeletal pain, exercise therapy, exercise, rehabilitation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220349

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 957-968, 2023

Authors: Baykal, Tuba | Köfkeci, Meliha Nur | Çelik, Gökçen Arslan | Erdemir, Esra | Soyupek, Feray

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Kinesiotape application is one of the non-pharmacological methods frequently used in patients with knee OA. Guidelines do not have a consensus on its use in knee osteoarthritis (OA). OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the acute effect of kinesiotape application on pain, balance, and gait performance in patients with knee OA. METHODS: We included 164 patients with grade 1–3 knee OA according to the Kellgren-Lawrence staging system in the study. Patients were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), 10-meter walking test (10MeWT), timed-up and go test (TUG-T), single leg stance …test (SLST), and functional reach test (FRT) before and after taping. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the post-taping scores of all evaluation parameters in the kinesiotaping group compared with pre-taping scores. Statistically significant improvement was found in all scores of evaluated parameters except FRT scores in the placebo taping group. We found a significant superiority in the mean recovery scores of the kinesiotaping group compared to the placebo-taping group in all parameters except for 10MeWT. CONCLUSIONS: We found significant improvements in both groups. The mean improvement levels in pain and balance scores were better in the KT group than in the PT group. Show more

Keywords: Kinesiotaping, knee osteoarthritis, pain, balance, gait

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220357

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 969-977, 2023

Authors: Nim, Casper Glissmann | Hansen, Anders | Backmann, Tina | Ziegler, Dorthe Schøler | O’Neill, Søren

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Persistent and severe low back pain is challenging to treat. Multidisciplinary care with systematic follow-up may be more effective than usual care. However, such a model has yet to be developed and tested. OBJECTIVE: Our objectives were to develop and test the feasibility of a three-month multidisciplinary intervention with systematic follow-up in a specialized hospital spine center for patients with severe and persistent low back pain. METHODS: Using the Medical Research Council and National Institute for Health and Care Research framework for the development and testing of complex interventions, we …developed a multidisciplinary intervention with systematic follow-up and tested its feasibility, using a-priori-determined outcomes during three months for 24 patients seen at a regional diagnostic spine center unit. As part of the evaluation, we conducted semi-structured interviews with participants and a focus-group interview with clinicians. RESULTS: Of the 24 patients included, only 17 completed the course of care and provided complete data for feasibility assessment. We failed to reach our a-priori feasibility outcomes, had difficulty with inclusion, and participants did not find the intervention effective or satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was not feasible as barriers existed on multiple levels (e.g., clinical, administrative, and patient). Excessive study moderations must be made before the intervention is feasible in a randomized trial. Show more

Keywords: Hospital medicine, secondary care, methods, health care quality, access, and evaluation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-220369

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 979-991, 2023