Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume 32, issue 6

Authors: Akbaba, Yildiz Analay | Can, Ata | Erdogan, Fahri

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal rehabilitation program for patients with post-total hip arthroplasty (THA) after developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes, to define a postoperative rehabilitation program, and to report the complication rate of THA in patients with DDH. METHODS: DDH hips (n = 89) were recruited. The transverse proximal femoral shortening osteotomy was applied to all patients. The rehabilitation program was performed on the first day immediately after operation to the 6 th …week. Pain was assessed via Visual Analogue Scale, and the function was evaluated by the Harris Hip Score at the end of the 3 rd month and the first year. The weakness of hip abduction was assessed via the Trendelenburg test before the operation and at one year. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvements were seen for pain (p < 0.001) and function (p < 0.001) in the third month. This improvement continued for pain from three months to one year (p < 0.001). However, the function did not increase from month three to one year (p = 0.47). The Trendelenburg test was positive in all cases in the first assessment; it decreased to 24.7% at one year. The complication rate was 11.23%. CONCLUSIONS: The pain and function of patients who performed exercise following THA due to DDH might improve, especially in the first three months. Show more

Keywords: Pain, function, arthroplasty, exercises, rehabilitation, hip, developmental dysplasia of the hip

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181367

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 913-919, 2019

Authors: Polat, Sema | Öğüt, Emre | Göker, Pınar | Bozkır, M. Gülhal | Yücel, Ahmet Hilmi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study determined the hand muscle strength parameters and reference values in healthy subjects using the Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester (NMMT) and Manual Muscle Test (MMT) and compared these methods. METHODS: The study was carried out with 200 (102 males, 98 females) healthy adults aged between 18–25 years. Muscle strength evaluations of the hand were performed to determine hand motor ability using both NMMT and MMT. RESULTS: The mean values of age, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were 19.48 ± 0.95 years, 60.66 ± …8.82 kg, 165.30 ± 7.95 cm and 22.14 ± 2.25 kg/m 2 , respectively, in females, whereas the same values were found as 20.40 ± 1.34 years, 72.53 ± 9.45 kg, 176.20 ± 6.29 cm and 23.25 ± 2.90 kg/m 2 , respectively, in males. There was a statistically significant difference in all demographic data between genders (p < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation coefficient in NMMT was found to be between 0.503 and 0.954. However, there was no correlation between the MMT and NMMT results. CONCLUSION: The observations presented need to be taken into consideration for evaluate musculoskeletal problems and also can be used as reference values for evaluating treatment outcomes. Show more

Keywords: Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester, hand muscles, muscle strength, Manual Muscle Test

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-170915

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 921-929, 2019

Authors: Kumamoto, Tsuneo | Seko, Toshiaki | Matsuda, Ryo | Miura, Sayo | Okumura, Takayuki | Nitta, Sinnosuke

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimum repetition number of standing back-extension exercise (SBEE) effective for the prevention and improvement of low back pain (LBP) is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of physiotherapy on LBP by investigating the optimum repetition number of SBEE via optical analysis and electromyographic (EMG) examination of the multifidus muscles. METHODS: Hemodynamics and multifidus muscle activity were examined in 16 healthy adult men using near-infrared spectroscopy and surface EMG after performing repetitive SBEE. RESULTS: Oxidized hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) levels significantly increased in the second extension phase but decreased in the …third and subsequent extension phases; deoxidized hemoglobin (deOxy-Hb) levels increased in the third and subsequent extension phases. In the standing phase, no significant difference was observed; in the third and subsequent phases, Oxy-Hb levels decreased and deOxy-Hb levels increased. Muscular activity significantly decreased in the second standing phase but increased in the third and subsequent phases. No significant difference was observed in the extension phase with respect to the number of SBEE repetitions performed. In healthy individuals, hemodynamics improved up to second repetition of SBEE; subsequent repetitions may decrease hemodynamics because of increased activity of the multifidus muscles. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy individuals, hemodynamics improved up to second repetition of SBEE. Show more

Keywords: Near-infrared spectroscopy, low back pain, standing back-extension exercise

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181390

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 931-936, 2019

Authors: Zabit, Ferdiye | Iyigun, Gozde

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The quality of life of breast cancer survivors who had a mastectomy may decrease due to potential physical problems and reduced upper extremity functions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the physical characteristics, upper extremity functions and quality of life of breast cancer survivors and healthy women. METHODS: A total of 66 women participated in this study: breast cancer survivors (n = 33) and healthy counterparts (n = 33) participated in this study. The Lateral Scapular Dyskinesia Slide Test was used to …evaluate scapular dyskinesia, the hand-held dynamometer was used to measure upper extremity muscular strength, the Angle Reproduction Test was used to measure upper extremity position sense, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire was used to assess upper extremity functions, and the Short Form-36 was used to assess the quality of life. RESULTS: The findings showed that the prevalence of scapular dyskinesia was higher, whereas upper extremity muscle strength, shoulder joint position sense, upper extremity functions and many sub-dimensions of quality of life were reduced in breast cancer survivor women compared to the healthy women (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Several physical characteristics, upper extremity functions and quality of life of breast cancer survivor women who had a mastectomy were affected more in comparison to healthy women. Thus, these parameters should be included in physiotherapy assessment and treatment programs. Show more

Keywords: Breast cancer survivor, scapular dyskinesia, muscle strength, position sense, functions, quality of life

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181362

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 937-945, 2019

Authors: Wang, Man-Man | Feng, Ya-Shuo | Xing, Ying | Dong, Fang | Zhang, Feng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Arthrofibrosis is a common complication for patients with bone fracture following external and internal fixation. In this review, we summarize the related factors and significant pathways for joint adhesion following fracture surgery. Moreover, the different types of treatments and related preventive measures are also discussed. Many factors related to the development and treatment of arthrofibrosis are discussed in this review in order to provide possible clues for the prospective targets to develop new medication or treatments for preventing or reducing the joint adhesion following orthopedic surgery.

Keywords: Fibrosis, tissue adhesions, fracture fixation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-191499

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 947-954, 2019

Authors: Roberts, Simon B. | Calligeros, Kosta | Tsirikos, Athanasios I.

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: This narrative review will summarise a clinical approach to the investigation of back pain in children and adolescent patients, including a discussion of the epidemiology, presentation, investigation and clinical management of back pain in children and adolescents. This will assist the prompt and accurate diagnosis of spinal disorders that require significant medical intervention. Existing evidence suggests a relatively high incidence of non-specific back pain among young people; 27–48% of presentations of back pain in children and adolescents are attributed to non-specific back pain. Low back pain among schoolchildren is often linked to psychosocial factors and only occasionally requires medical attention, …as pain is benign and self-limiting. Nonetheless, those young patients who seek medical assistance exhibit a higher incidence of organic conditions underlying the major symptom of spinal pain. A cautious and comprehensive strategy – including a detailed history, examination, radiographic imaging and diagnostic laboratory studies – should be employed, which must be accurate, reliable, consistent and reproducible in identifying spinal pathologies. A specific diagnosis can be reached in 52–73% of the cases. For cases in which a specific diagnosis cannot be made, re-evaluation after a period of observation is recommended. At this later stage, minor symptoms unrelated to underlying pathology will resolve spontaneously, whereas serious pathologies will advance and become easily identified. Show more

Keywords: Back pain, clinical assessment, management, children, adolescents

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-170987

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 955-988, 2019