Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - Volume 32, issue 3

Authors: Ruescas-Nicolau, M.A. | Sánchez-Sánchez, M.L. | Marques-Sule, E. | Espí-López, G.V.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the immediate effect on dynamic and static balance of a manual protocol of plantar stimulation in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Of the 144 healthy and physically active volunteers recruited, 98 subjects participated. Subjects were randomly assigned and allocated to the experimental group (EG) (n = 50), in which a 10-min manual protocol of plantar stimulation was applied on the right foot, or to the control group (CG) (n = 48). The change scores of the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) and …the Unipedal Stance Test (UPST) were used to assess the immediate effect of the protocol on dynamic and static balance, respectively. RESULTS: In the dynamic balance, a group effect was found in the anterior direction, posteromedial direction and composite scores of the mSEBT when groups were compared by limb. Changes in the posteromedial direction of both limbs (right limb: p = 0.002, left limb: p = 0.05) and composite score of the right limb (p = 0.009) were significantly greater in the EG versus the CG. Non-significant results were found in the static balance (UPST time). CONCLUSIONS: The application of a 10-minute manual stimulation protocol without joint mobilization, addressed to stimulate the plantar cutaneous mechanoreceptors, could elicit benefits on dynamic balance. This improvement was observed bilaterally even though only one plantar surface was stimulated. As balance deficits may impair functional movements and regular training in sports, this intervention aims to ameliorate dynamic balancing ability could improve the functional recovery of sport gestures. Show more

Keywords: Plantar stimulation, physical therapy, postural balance, modified Star Excursion Balance Test, Unipedal Stance Test

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181145

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 453-461, 2019

Authors: Adel, Jilan | Koura, Ghada | Hamada, Hamada Ahmed | El Borady, Amal A. | El-Habashy, Hala | Balbaa, Alaa Eldin | Saab, Ibtissam M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral osteoarthritis is a common presentation in the outpatients’ physical therapy clinics. The muscle imbalance between the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis muscles is one of the main factors that lead to the development of this condition. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of a squatting versus squatting with hip adduction in management of patellofemoral osteoarthritis. METHODS: Patients in group A received a traditional physical therapy program in addition to squatting exercise and those in group B received a traditional physical therapy program in addition to squatting with hip adduction exercise for …four weeks. The primary outcome measures were pain on the numerical rating scale (NRS) and performance of functional activities by Kujala scale, while the secondary outcomes were vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) amplitudes as well as the VMO:VL ratio by surface electromyography were considered before and after intervention. RESULTS: Thirty patients (group A n = 15; group B n = 15) were randomized and analyzed. Comparing both groups post-program revealed that there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the vastus medialis oblique activity, VMO:VL ratio, pain intensity and performance of functional activities. CONCLUSION: Both a traditional physical therapy program in addition to squatting exercise and a traditional physical therapy program in addition to squatting exercise with hip adduction are effective in reduction of pain intensity increases performance of functional activities, and vastus medialis oblique amplitude. However, there is no superiority of one program over the other. Show more

Keywords: EMG, patellofemoral osteoarthritis, squatting exercise, VMO

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-171073

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 463-470, 2019

Authors: Ata, Emre | Kösem, Murat | Adiguzel, Emre

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Myofascial pain syndrome is a common form of musculoskeletal disorder that originates from a painful site in a muscle or related fascia. There are various non-invasive and invasive treatment methods. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of myofascial trigger point kinesiotaping with that of local anesthetic injection alone on the degree of pain and quality of life in myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with myofascial pain syndrome were randomly assigned to three study groups. Group 1 (n = 26) received only local anesthetic (1 ml lidocaine of …0.5% for each trigger point) injection. Group 2 (n = 25) received local anesthetic injection + sham kinesiotaping. Group 3 (n = 25) received local anesthetic injection + kinesiotaping. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline, immediately after treatment, and in the 1st and 4th week post-treatment. To evaluate the effect of treatment on quality of life, Short Form-12 (SF-12) was used at baseline and at 4th week post-treatment. RESULTS: Group 3 showed significantly more improvement than other groups at post-treatment VAS, SF-12 physical component evaluations (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between groups 2 and 3 in the mental component of SF-12 (p > 0.05), but the patients in group 3 performed significantly better than group 1 (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 in VAS, SF12 Physical Components Summary and SF-12 Mental Components Summary scores at post-treatment evaluations. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that kinesiotaping may be useful to increase the efficacy of myofascial trigger point lidocaine injection in myofascial pain syndrome. Show more

Keywords: Myofascial pain syndromes, trigger point, injection, kinesiotape

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-171035

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 471-477, 2019

Authors: Yıldırım, Necmiye Ün | Büyüköztürk, Şener | Bayramlar, Kezban | Özengin, Nuriye | Külünkoğlu, Bahar Anaforoğlu | Çoban, Özge

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain in wheelchair (WC) basketball players is common. Yet there was no scale to define shoulder pain. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to develop a shoulder pain scale for WC basketball players. METHODS: A five-step procedure was followed: Identifying the feature, writing down the items and drafting the form, formulating the final form, pre-pilot-pilot implementation, and validity-reliability analyses. The final form of the scale consisted of 15 items about self-care and sport-specific activities. RESULTS: External factor analysis showed that the scale had a two-factor structure which is “Shoulder …Pain during Sports” and “Shoulder Pain during Self-care Activities”. Pre-rotation results of factor analysis showed that if all of the items were loaded on the first factor, it would have an eigenvalue more than 7 times larger than the eigenvalue of the second factor. Therefore, it can be concluded that the scale can be used as a one-dimensional scale. The Cronbach’s Alpha values were found to be 0.94 and 0.92 for the shoulder pain factor during sports and self-care activities, respectively. Total value was found to be 0.95. The corrected item-total correlation values were all above 0.60. CONCLUSIONS: This newly developed valid, reliable scale allows assessment of the shoulder pain of WC basketball players. Show more

Keywords: Wheelchair basketball, shoulder pain, scale

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181192

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 479-485, 2019

Authors: Neamat Allah, Neama | Sigward, Susan | Mohamed, Ghada | Elhafez, Salam | Emran, Ihab

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) accounts for up to 30% of patients with low back pain. Rigid taping techniques are often used for conservative treatment of SIJD related symptoms; however, its effectiveness has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of rigid tape on pain, malalignment and mobility deficits associated with anterior innominate SIJD. METHODS: Two groups (n = 37; experimental and control) diagnosed with SIJD participated in a randomized, controlled trial. Tape was applied for 2 weeks in the …experimental group, whereas the control group received no treatment. 2 × 2 (group × time) GLM-MANOVA assessed effects of tape on pain; innominate rotation; and hip rotation range of motion. Chi-square and McNemar tests assessed the effect of tape on Gillet and Sitting forward flexion mobility tests; the Patrick, Posterior shear and Gaenslen pain provocation tests were used to test pain. Variables were assessed before (PRE) and after (POST) two weeks. RESULTS: No group differences were observed for any variable PRE. Pain intensity, innominate rotation (p < 0.05) and number of positive mobility and pain provocation tests (p < 0.05) decreased from PRE versus POST in the experimental group. No differences were observed in the control group. CONCLUSION: Two weeks of rigid tape for anterior innominate correction successfully reduced symptoms related to SIJD. Show more

Keywords: Sacroiliac joint, malalignment, mobility deficits, pain, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, rigid tape

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181156

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 487-496, 2019

Authors: Ozdemir, Kadirhan | Keser, Ilke | Sen, Ilker | Ozgur Tan, Mustafa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the parameters of fatigue, quality of life and leisure time physical activity in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. This is the first study in the literature to report interaction between these parameters from the perspective of physiotherapy and rehabilitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight out-patients were enrolled in this study. In an oncologic rehabilitation unit, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Questionnaire (FACIT-F), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate Questionnaire (FACT-P) and Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) were utilized to evaluate fatigue, quality of life and …physical activity, respectively. Frequencies and the relationships between the results of the parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 67.68 ± 7.54 years. Mean scores of FACIT-F [42.94 ± 8.25] and FACT-P [118.81 ± 13.39] were determined. The median score of GLTEQ was 14 (0–70). There were positive correlations between FACIT-F and FACT-P (r = 0.633, p < 0.001); GLTEQ and FACT-P (r = 0.275, p < 0.05) and; FACIT-F and GLTEQ (r = 0.297, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Increased fatigue and decreased leisure time physical activity level may affect quality of life negatively. Moreover, it was observed that decreasing leisure time physical activity level affects fatigue negatively. Accordingly, physiotherapists with PCa patients may focus on developing physical activity levels in various ways to address the multidimensional problems of fatigue and quality of life. Show more

Keywords: Prevention, cancer control strategies, modifiable and predicted risk factors

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181220

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 497-503, 2019

Authors: Doroudian, Alireza | Roostayi, Mohammad Mohsen | Naimi, Sedigheh Sadat | Rahimi, Abbas | Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The Flexi-Bar and Bodyblade are oscillatory tools used in rehabilitation centers worldwide to enhance muscle activity. Because of a lack of reports on the Flexi-Bar, this study focused on erector spinae (ES) muscle activation under different conditions. METHODS: Twelve university students (age 21 ± 2.5 years old) were recruited in this study and were tested while using a loaded Flexi-Bar for 10 seconds. Comparison between muscle activation on the right and left sides in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions was measured by electromyography during two-leg and one-leg (left and right) standing. …RESULTS: The results showed that during oscillation using the right hand, the right cervical muscles showed significantly higher activation levels than the left cervical muscles, while the thoracic and lumbar regions showed significantly higher muscle activities on the left side. CONCLUSION: The current study showed that the Flexi-Bar might be used for muscle activation and reeducation, as well as for specific exercise therapy in spinal muscle imbalance. Show more

Keywords: Flexi-Bar, Body-blade, electromyography, erector spinae, muscle activation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-171011

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 505-509, 2019

Authors: Mohi Eldin, Mohamed | Sorour, Omar O. | Hassan, Ahmed Salah Aldin | Baraka, Mohammad | Ahmed, Mostafa Fekry

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a common cause of low back pain. Injection of autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the affected joint is a new option in this disorder management. OBJECTIVE: To compare platelet concentrates (PRP and PRF) in injectable form in sacroiliac joint dysfunction. METHODS: This is a non-randomized controlled trial between two groups (124 PRF patients and 62 PRP patients). All cases are treated by sacroiliac joint injection for sacroiliac joint pain. RESULTS: Over 6 months of follow-up, there were statistically significant …improvements in participants who received SIJ PRF injection with regards to pain measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), in comparison to PRP. In the two groups (PRF and PRP), there was significant difference in the post 2 VAS (6 months after the procedure) as the P value was 0.045. There was no significant difference in the pre VAS (P value of 0.909) and post 1 VAS (one month after the procedure) as the P value was 0.154. No adverse events of infection, neurologic injury, or any other complication were reported following the injection. CONCLUSIONS: Participants who received SIJ PRF experienced significant clinical improvement compared to those who received PRP in the late follow-up. Show more

Keywords: Sacroiliac joint, platelet rich fibrin, platelet rich plasma, VAS, injection

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181366

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 511-518, 2019

Authors: Akbaba, Yildiz Analay | Mutlu, Ebru Kaya | Altun, Suleyman | Turkmen, Ezgi | Birinci, Tansu | Celik, Derya

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have emphasized the importance of the presence of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in patients with rotator cuff pathologies and the high frequency of MTrPs in rotator cuff muscles. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of active MTrPs in patients with rotator cuff pathologies. METHODS: Fifty-three patients with rotator cuff tear were randomized into two groups. All patients received the same standard conservative treatment twice a week for 6 weeks. Patients in Group 1 additionally received ischemic compression (IC) of MTrPs. Pain, range of motion (ROM), function, and anxiety and depression were …assessed. MTrPs in rotator cuff muscles were assessed manually, and the number of MTrPs on the shoulder complex was counted. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of changes in resting/activity/night pain, ROM, function, or anxiety and depression (p > 0.05). Pain scores improved only in Group 1. However, the total number of MTrPs was significantly decreased in Group 1 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: A six-week course of IC helps treat active MTrPs. A standard conservative treatment program reduced pain and increased function; the addition of MTrP treatment did not improve clinical outcomes in patients with rotator cuff pathologies. Show more

Keywords: Shoulder pain, trigger points, range of motion, rehabilitation

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-181306

Citation: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 519-527, 2019