Cancer Biomarkers - Volume 17, issue 1

Authors: Koch, Michael O. | Cho, Jane S. | Kaimakliotis, Hristos Z. | Cheng, Liang | Sangale, Zaina | Brawer, Michael | Welbourn, William | Reid, Julia | Stone, Steven

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Determining the optimal treatment for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) is challenging. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the ability of CCP score (a prognostic RNA expression signature) to discriminate between systemic disease and local recurrence in patients with BCR after RP. METHODS: Sixty patients with BCR after RP were selected for analysis based on: 1) metastatic disease, 2) non-response to salvage external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and 3) durable response to salvage EBRT. CCP scores were generated from the RNA expression of 46 genes. Logistic regression assessed the association between CCP score and …patient group. RESULTS: Passing CCP scores were generated for 47 patients with complete clinical and pathologic data. CCP score predicted clinical status when comparing patients with metastatic disease or non-responders to salvage therapy to patients with durable response (p = 0.006). CCP score remained significantly predictive of clinical status after accounting for time to BCR, PSA level at BCR, and Gleason score (p = 0.0031). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated CCP score was associated with increased risk of systemic disease, indicating that CCP score may be useful in identifying patients with BCR who are most likely to benefit from salvage radiation therapy. Show more

Keywords: Prostate cancer, prostatectomy, cell cycle progression score, biochemical recurrence, salvage radiotherapy

DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160620

Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 83-88, 2016

Authors: Chen, You-Fang | Li, Qiang | Chen, Dong-Tai | Pan, Jia-Hao | Chen, Yong-Hua | Wen, Zhe-Sheng | Zeng, Wei-An

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The serum uric acid (SUA) is the end-product from the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides. It has been considered to be a prognostic factor for malignant tumor in several researches. However, its prognostic value in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been elucidated. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 209 ESCC patients who underwent R0 esophagectomy. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value for pre-operative SUA levels and to divide the ESCC patients into two groups. Furthermore, we analyzed the pre-operative serum uric …acid (SUA) levels and its relationship with the clinicopathological parameters and the prognosis of 209 ESCC patients. RESULTS: Optimal cut-off value for pre-operative SUA in ROC analysis was 304.5 μ mol/l (sensitivity 67.46%, specificity 65.06%). SUA low- or high-levels were associated with gender (P< 0.001), smoking status (P< 0.001), pN statues (P= 0.003) and TNM stage (P= 0.010). SUA levels, tumor differentiation and pTNM stage were independent predictors of ESCC patient survival in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The pre-operative level of SUA is an independent prognostic predictor in ESCC patients who undergo R0 esophagectomy and patients with higher SUA level may have an unfavorable survival probability. Show more

Keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, SUA, overall survival, disease-free survival, prognostic factor

DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160621

Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 89-96, 2016

Authors: Halkova, Tereza | Dvorakova, Sarka | Sykorova, Vlasta | Vaclavikova, Eliska | Vcelak, Josef | Vlcek, Petr | Sykorova, Pavla | Kodetova, Daniela | Betka, Jan | Lastuvka, Petr | Bavor, Petr | Hoch, Jiri | Katra, Rami | Bendlova, Bela

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. In addition to causal somatic mutations in the BRAF gene and RET/PTC rearrangements, the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in low-penetrance genes in the development of PTC has been proposed. METHODS: Four SNPs in the XRCC1 (Arg399Gln, Arg280His, Arg194Trp and T-77C) and one SNP from each of three other genes participating in DNA repair pathways and/or cell cycle regulation (ATM Asp1853Asn, TP53 Arg72Pro, CDKN1B Val109Gly) were selected. The allelic and genotypic distributions of these variants as …well as haplotypes of the XRCC1 were examined in 583 individuals comprising well-characterized cohorts of 209 PTC patients and 374 healthy volunteers. Correlations of polymorphism with clinical-pathological data and mutation status were performed. RESULTS: XRCC1 T-77C polymorphism affects the genetic susceptibility for PTC development in men, the specific combination of XRCC1 haplotypes correlates with RET/PTC incidence, CDKN1B Val109Gly significantly influences the risk of developing PTC regardless of gender and in PTC cases, selected genotypes of TP53 Arg72Pro and ATM Asp1853Asn were significantly associated with monitored tumour characteristics. CONCLUSION: It seems that SNPs in studied regulating genes contribute to the development of PTC and modify the tumour behaviour or characteristics. Show more

Keywords: Papillary thyroid cancer, molecular genetics, SNP, DNA repair, cell cycle regulator

DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160622

Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 97-106, 2016

Authors: Zambo, Iva | Hermanova, Marketa | Zapletalova, Danica | Skoda, Jan | Mudry, Peter | Kyr, Michal | Zitterbart, Karel | Sterba, Jaroslav | Veselska, Renata

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 are recently discussed as putative markers, co-expression of which might determine a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in sarcomas. OBJECTIVE: Our study is focused on immunohistochemical analysis of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 expression in rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma. Furthermore, we also analyzed the possible correlation of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 expression levels with the patient outcome to identify potential prognostic values of these three putative CSC markers in the same cohorts. METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, expression of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 was analyzed in 24 rhabdomyosarcoma, 22 Ewing …sarcoma and 10 osteosarcoma tissue samples and expression levels of these markers were correlated with clinical outcome. RESULTS: High nestin levels indicate poor prognosis in patients with Ewing sarcoma (P = 0.001), and high CD133 expression is associated with shorter survival in rhabdomyosarcoma patients (P = 0.002). In contrast, no significant relationship was found between ABCG2 expression and the clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis represents the first complex study of these three putative CSCs markers together in three different types of pediatric sarcomas and showed their possible prognostic values in these tumors. Show more

Keywords: Rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, cancer stem cell markers, prognosis

DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160623

Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 107-116, 2016