Affiliations: Southeast Asian Haze Research Consortium, Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Melvyn Zhang, Institute of Medical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China. Tel.: +86 0531 88382039; Fax: +86 0531 88382512; E-mail: melvynzhangweibin@gmail.com.
Abstract: Background:Recent advancement in Internet based technologies have resulted in the growth of a sub-specialized field, termed as “Infodemiology” and “Infoveillance”. Infoveillence refers to the collation of infodemiology measures for the purpose of surveillance and trending. Previous research has only demonstrated the research potential of Web 2.0 medium in collation of data in crisis situation. Objectives:The objectives for the current study are to demonstrate the methodology of implementation of a smartphone-based application for dissemination and collation of information during a crisis situation. Methods:The Haze Smartphone application was developed using an online application builder and using HTML5 as the core programming language. A five-phase developmental method including a) formulation of user requirements, b) system design, c) system development, d) system evaluation and finally e) system application and implementation were adopted. The smartphone application was deployed during a one-week period via a self-sponsored Facebook post and via direct dissemination of the web-links by emails. Results:A total of 298 respondents took part in the survey within the application. Most of them were between the ages of 20- to 29-years old and had a university education. More individuals preferred the option of accessing and providing feedback to a survey on physical and psychological wellbeing via direct access to a Web-based questionnaire. In addition, the participants reported a mean number of 4.03 physical symptoms (SD 2.6). The total Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) score was 18.47 (SD 11.69), which indicated that the study population did experience psychological stress but not posttraumatic stress disorder. The perceived dangerous Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) level and the number of physical symptoms were associated with higher IES-R Score (P < 0.05). Conclusions:This study demonstrates how a smartphone application could potentially be used to acquire research data in a crisis situation. However, it is crucial for future research to further evaluate its effectiveness in a crisis situation.
Keywords: Smartphone application, methodologies, information technology, crisis, haze
