Affiliations: [a] School of Science Studies, CMR University, Bangalore, India | [b] Department of Master of Computer Applications, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Halesh T G, School of Science Studies, CMR University, Bangalore, India. E-mail: haleshtgowda5@gmail.com.
Abstract: Osteoporosis is a disorder, that leads to fractures and fatal problems in bones. It is believed that more than 200 million individuals are affected globally. Furthermore, osteoporosis is caused by micro-architectural degeneration of bone tissues, which increases the risk of bone fragility and fractures. Moreover, the osteoporosis categorization is essential for the medical industry, which classifies the skeleton problems of individuals caused by ageing. This work presented the prediction of femur bone volume for osteoporosis classification. Moreover, the femur bone X-ray image is utilized for the classification. The preprocessing phase is employed to neglect the noise contained in input bone images through a non-local means filter. In the image segmentation process, the SegNet is utilized to isolate the specific portion. Moreover, the template search approach based on femoral geometric estimation is carried out and the feature extraction phase is essential for a significant feature extraction process. The proposed tuna jellyfish optimization based deep batch-normalized eLU AlexNet (DbneAlexNet) is utilized in the osteoporosis classification process. Furthermore, accuracy, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), True Positive Rate (TPR) and True Negative Rate (TNR) are the metrics to validate the model and the superior values 0.913, 0.906, 0.896, 0.923 and 0.932 are achieved.
Keywords: Femur bone, osteoporosis classification, jelly fish search optimization, tuna swarm optimization, deep batch-normalized eLU AlexNet
