Searching for just a few words should be enough to get started. If you need to make more complex queries, use the tips below to guide you.
Article type: Review Article
Authors: Capraro, J.a | Rossi, F.a; *
Affiliations: [a] Facoltà di Agraria, Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 20122 Piacenza, Italy. e-mail: filippo.rossi@unicatt.it
Correspondence: [*] Present Address: J. Capraro, Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Facoltà di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
Abstract: This review summarizes the main toxic effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) on liver metabolism. This contaminant is a mycotoxin that can be found in raw materials (cereals, coffee, cocoa, spices or grapewine), in processed foods (bread and other bakery products) and, if animals are fed with contaminated feedstuffs, in pork meat. Kidney is a well-known target of OTA, although several findings suggest that liver metabolism can be affected too. OTA intake reduces, in a dose-dependent manner, the synthesis of albumin, while the concomitant increase in transaminases (ALT, ASP) and alkaline phosphatase is in agreement with the hypothesis of liver damage induced by OTA. Feeding animals with OTA-contaminated feeds has significant prooxidative effects that cause a reduction in anti-oxidative defences and an increase in malondialdehyde formation. Experiments on human liver cells support the hypothesis of an inflammatory effect of OTA mediated by TNF-α. An upregulation of apoptosis has also been detected in hepatic cells after OTA treatment, which leads to a higher rate of cell death and to a reduction of liver activity. All these findings suggest that OTA can have a toxic effect on the liver too and for this reason we should pay attention to liver toxicity of OTA in the risk assessment for this mycotoxin.
Keywords: Ochratoxin A, Liver, Toxicity, Transaminases
DOI: 10.3233/s12349-012-0101-3
Journal: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 177-185, 2012
IOS Press, Inc.
6751 Tepper Drive
Clifton, VA 20124
USA
Tel: +1 703 830 6300
Fax: +1 703 830 2300
sales@iospress.com
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
IOS Press
Nieuwe Hemweg 6B
1013 BG Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 20 688 3355
Fax: +31 20 687 0091
info@iospress.nl
For editorial issues, permissions, book requests, submissions and proceedings, contact the Amsterdam office info@iospress.nl
Inspirees International (China Office)
Ciyunsi Beili 207(CapitaLand), Bld 1, 7-901
100025, Beijing
China
Free service line: 400 661 8717
Fax: +86 10 8446 7947
china@iospress.cn
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
如果您在出版方面需要帮助或有任何建, 件至: editorial@iospress.nl