Affiliations:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence:
[*]
Corresponding author: Riantina Rizky Amalia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia. Tel.: +6285643688668; Fax: +62 274 544003; E-mail: riantina.amalia@gmail.com..
Note: [1] Public trial registry URL : https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04265391?term=snakehead+fish&draw=2&rank=1; Public trial registration ID number: NCT04265391
Abstract: BACKGROUND:An estimated 15–20% of all births worldwide are low birth weight (LBW). In Indonesia, the LBW incidence reached more than 10% in 2013. Improved maternal nutrition is needed by providing high-calorie-protein supplementation for pregnant women to prevent intrauterine growth retardation and LBW. OBJECTIVES:To observe the effect of snakehead fish (Channa striata) cookies supplementation during pregnancy on fetal growth and birth outcomes. METHODS:A total of 50 pregnant women were included in this randomized clinical trial study and were randomly allocated into two groups: treatment and controls. Subjects in the treatment group received supplementation of snakehead fish cookies during pregnancy until giving birth as much as 75 g per day, while subjects in the control group received standard cookies. The snakehead fish cookies underwent a formulation process and were tested for nutrient content and microbial contamination to ensure safety before being given to the subjects. Fetal growth was monitored monthly using 2-dimensional ultrasonography. RESULTS:The average intake of cookies did not differ between the two groups (Control 69.6 (16.8)% vs Snakehead fish 64.6 (15.3)%, p = 0.278). There were no significant differences in fetal estimated fetal weight, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur length, birth weight, and birth length between the treatment and control groups (p > 0.05). However, the fetal growth measurements on the subjects who consumed snakehead fish cookies were practically higher than those who ate standard cookies. CONCLUSION:The snakehead fish cookies did improve the fetal growth measurements but the results were not significantly different when compared to standard cookies.
Keywords: Snakehead fish cookies, fetal growth, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, randomized clinical trial, protein supplementation
