Affiliations: [a] Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| [b] Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Politeknik Kesehatan Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
| [c] Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Danuyanti, Street Taruna No.1 Kediri, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Tel.: +621805201799; E-mail: danuyanti@gmail.com.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Hypercholesterolemia triggered by high-fat and high-fructose diets increases Reactive Oxygen Species production, causing oxidative stress and increasing the expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in endothelial cells as a form of inflammatory response. High-fiber diet could restrict lipolysis in adipose tissue, decreasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines while indirectly decreasing the expression of ICAM-1. METHODS:The research analyzed beneficial effects of high-fiber diet divided into five groups: normal (N); hypercholesterolemia (HC); HC + 1.04 g fiber/rat/day (HFD1); HC + 2.07 g fiber/rat/day (HFD2) and HC + 3.11 g fiber/rat/day (HFD3) for 6-weeks intervention on the level and expression of ICAM-1 in rats induced by high-fat and high-fructose diets. RESULTS:The administration of a high-fiber diet reduced the levels of ICAM-1 plasma hypercholesterolemia rats (HFD1, HFD2 and HFD3) when compared with the hypercholesterolemia group (p < 0.001) without fiber administration. In addition, the administration of a high-fiber diet also decreased ICAM-1 gene expression in rat adipose tissue when compared with the hypercholesterolemia group (p < 0.05). The decreased plasma levels of ICAM-1 were not correlated with the reduced ICAM-1 gene expression in rat adipose tissue after administration of a high-fiber diet. CONCLUSIONS:The high-fiber diet administration was able to decrease expression and level of ICAM-1 in hypercholesterolemia rats induced by high-fat and high-fructose diets.
