Association of nutrient patterns with anthropometric indices in children and adolescents: The weight disorders survey of the CASPIAN-IV study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Kelishadi, Roya^a | Heidari-Beni, Motahar^{a; *} | Esmaeil-Motlagh, Mohammad^b | Pourmasoumi, Makan^{c; d} | Malekshah, Akbar Fazel-Tabar^e | Qorbani, Mostafa^{f; g}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran | [b] Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran | [c] Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran | [d] Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran | [e] Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari,Iran | [f] Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran | [g] Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Motahar Heidari-Beni, Assistant professor, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Postal code: 8174673461, Iran. Tel.: +98 3137925284; Fax: +98 3137925280; E-mail: motahar.heidari@nutr.mui.ac.ir.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Nutrient patterns play a role as an interface between food patterns and the food metabolome integrating measurements. The nutrients can improve our knowledge about the reason of some chronic diseases. OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to identify the major nutrient patterns in adolescents and to assess their relationship with obesity. METHODSThis is a nationwide cross-sectional study. Usual dietary intakes were collected using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTSDietary data were analysed in 4288 subjects aged 11.43±3.23 years. Subjects in the fourth quartile of the first nutrient pattern tended to have higher weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference than those in the first quartile. Individuals in the fourth quartile of the second nutrient pattern had significantly lower means of weight, WC and hip circumference than those in the first quartile. The third nutrient pattern was not correlated with any alteration in BMI and wrist circumference in boys as well as in BMI, waist circumference and wrist circumference among girls. CONCLUSIONSFindings indicated that second nutrient pattern which mostly characterized by high consumption in mono-unsaturated fatty acid, poly-unsaturated fatty acid, potassium, calcium, vitamin E, biotin and vitamin K was associated with lower risk of obesity, while first nutrient pattern with high amounts of carbohydrate, thiamin, iron and manganese was correlated with higher risk of obesity.

Keywords: Anthropometry, diet, nutrient intake, children

DOI: 10.3233/MNM-180278

Journal: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 223-234, 2019