Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis: Multivariables of microcalcification specimens obtained via X-ray guided by stereotactic wire localization biopsy

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Wang, Qian^a | Li, Erni^a | Song, Ying^a | Ma, Peiqing^b | Wang, Yipeng^c | Liu, Xia^d | Qi, Weiwei^{d; *} | Zhao, Xinming^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China | [b] Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China | [c] Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China | [d] Department of Radiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding authors. Weiwei Qi, Department of Radiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: qiweiwei@pkuph.edu.cn and Xinming Zhao, Department of imaging diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. E-mail: xinmingzh2017@yeah.net.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively explore correlation of the resected specimen volume of breast microcalcification lesions and endogenous and exogenous factors of stereotactic needle localization biopsy (SNLB). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Totally 214 patients underwent SNLB for non-palpable breast lesion with microcalcification lesions. Of 211 patients, 198 patients underwent single needle localization and 13 patients underwent multi-needle localization (26 lesions). Lesion sizes, distribution characteristics, lesion localization accuracy and resected specimen volumes were recorded and analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM). RESULTS:The average lesion diameter is 2.63±1.73 cm. The localization accuracy of 187 lesions were moderate, 26 were too deep and 11 were too superficial. The mean resected specimen volume (V) was 17.51±5.14 cm3. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that 3 factors, including lesion sizes, distribution characteristics and the localization accuracy were associated with resected specimen volume (F = 67.56–112.78, P < 0.001). GLM revealed that lesion sizes, single clustered distribution and accurate localization were significant factors for resected specimen volume (F = –4.82–11.36, P < 0.05). The ratio (%) of the resected specimen volume to the involved breast volume (V0) was defined as the degree of breast defect. The mean breast defect of 125 benign patients (V/V0) was 27.5% ranging from 10.1% to 42.3%. CONCLUSION:Average lesion diameter and localization accuracy are highly significant variables for the resected specimen volume. Localization accuracy as a subjective controllable variable is one of the important factors that determine the volume of lesion resection. Single clustered distribution was more susceptible localization accuracy than other characteristic distributions. Improving localization accuracy can reduce resected specimen volume, which can reduce breast defect to a certain extent.

Keywords: Generalized linear model, stereotactic wire localization biopsy, non-palpable breast lesions, breast cancer, microcalcifications

DOI: 10.3233/XST-180462

Journal: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 493-502, 2019