CAIDE Score, Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology, and Cognition in Cognitively Normal Adults: The CABLE Study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Guo, Ze-Xin^{a; 1} | Liu, Fang^{b; 1} | Wang, Fang-Yuan^a | Ou, Ya-Nan^a | Huang, Liang-Yu^a | Hu, Hao^a | Wang, Zhi-Bo^a | Fu, Yan^a | Gao, Pei-Yang^a | Tan, Lan^{a; *} | Yu, Jin-Tai^{c; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China | [b] Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan, Shandong, China | [c] Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Professor Jin-Tai Yu, National Center for Neurological Diseases in China, Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China. Tel.: +86 21 52888160; Fax: +86 21 62483421; E-mail: jintai_yu@fudan.edu.cn and Professor Lan Tan, Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China. E-mail: dr.tanlan@163.com.

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: Background:Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Ageing and Dementia (CAIDE) risk score serves as a credible predictor of an individual’s risk of dementia. However, studies on the link of the CAIDE score to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology are scarce. Objective:To explore the links of CAIDE score to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD as well as to cognitive performance. Methods:In the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) study, we recruited 600 cognitively normal participants. Correlations between the CAIDE score and CSF biomarkers of AD as well as cognitive performance were probed through multiple linear regression models. Whether the correlation between CAIDE score and cognitive performance was mediated by AD pathology was researched by means of mediation analyses. Results:Linear regression analyses illustrated that CAIDE score was positively associated with tau-related biomarkers, including pTau (p < 0.001), tTau (p < 0.001), as well as tTau/Aβ42 (p = 0.008), while it was in negative association with cognitive scores, consisting of MMSE score (p < 0.001) as well as MoCA score (p < 0.001). The correlation from CAIDE score to cognitive scores was in part mediated by tau pathology, with a mediation rate varying from 3.2% to 13.2%. Conclusions:A higher CAIDE score, as demonstrated in our study, was linked to more severe tau pathology and poorer cognitive performance, and tau pathology mediated the link of CAIDE score to cognitive performance. Increased dementia risk will lead to cognitive decline through aggravating neurodegeneration.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, CAIDE dementia risk score, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, cognition, neurodegeneration

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-240005

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 1273-1283, 2024