Characterization of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia among Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites

Article type: Research Article

Authors: O’Bryant, Sid E.^{a; *} | Petersen, Melissa^{a; b} | Hall, James^a | Johnson, Leigh A.^{a; c} | Barber, Robert^c | Phillips, Nicole^c | Braskie, Meredith N.^d | Yaffe, Kristine^{e; f} | Rissman, Robert^{g; h} | Toga, Arthurⁱ | for the HABS-HD Study Team

Affiliations: [a] Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA | [b] Department of Family Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA | [c] Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA | [d] Imaging Genetics Center, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [e] Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA | [f] San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA | [g] Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA | [h] Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA | [i] Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Sid O’Bryant, PhD, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107 USA. Tel.: +1 817 735 2962; E-mail:sid.obryant@unthsc.edu.

Abstract: Background:Despite tremendous advancements in the field, our understanding of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among Mexican Americans remains limited. Objective:The aim of this study was to characterize MCI and dementia among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Methods:Baseline data were analyzed from n = 1,705 (n = 890 Mexican American; n = 815 non-Hispanic white) participants enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Results:Among Mexican Americans, age (OR = 1.07), depression (OR = 1.09), and MRI-based neurodegeneration (OR = 0.01) were associated with dementia, but none of these factors were associated with MCI. Among non-Hispanic whites, male gender (OR = 0.33), neighborhood deprivation (OR = 1.34), depression (OR = 1.09), and MRI-based neurodegeneration (OR = 0.03) were associated with MCI, while depression (OR = 1.09) and APOE ɛ4 genotype (OR = 4.38) were associated with dementia. Conclusion:Findings from this study revealed that the demographic, clinical, sociocultural and biomarker characteristics of MCI and dementia are different among Mexican Americans as compared to non-Hispanic whites.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, health disparities, Hispanic, mild cognitive impairment

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-220300

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 905-915, 2022